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Файл:Английский язык. Учебное пособие для аспирантов консерваторий и вузов искусств
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18. scratch – черновой набросок, каракули (небрежный почерк);
скрести; царапать.
19. manuscript – манускрипт, рукопись.
20. Library – библиотека (хранилище книг).
21. to improve the theatre's acoustics and ability to stageproductions
– улучшить акустику театрального [здания] и возможности сценических постановок [опер].
22. heavy red carpets – тяжелые красные ковры.
23. seats – места для зрителей.
24. screens to provide translations – экраны для обеспечения перево-
дами [с языка оперной постановки на языки, понятные иностранным
зрителям].
25. reportedly – по сообщениям; как сообщают.
26. fitting – пригонка, прилаживание, подгонка (о деталях оборудо-
вания); монтаж, настройка, сборка.
27. celebrity – известность, популярность, слава; знаменитый чело-
век; звезда.
28. destroy – разрушать, рушить, сносить; ликвидировать; стирать с
лица земли.
29. top fashion – высокая мода.
Are you a theater-goer? What opera have you heard recently?
What was the cast?
Lesson Two
MOZART: POVERTY AND GENIUS
(continued)
Part I
II
Gifts like Wolfgang's must not be hidden, his parents decided. He
must travel and display his talent to the world. He must meet the eminent musicians of his day and perform in the houses of the great. His sister, little "Nannerl," who was also musically gifted, must go with him.
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Therefore, when Wolfgang was six and Nannerl eleven their father
borrowed some money from his friend and landlord, Lorenz Hagenauer,
and organized a tour for the children. He had a little handbill printed
which described the boy's accomplishments. Wolfgang could "play concertos on the piano," the handbill announced, "and the most difficult pieces of the great masters. [He could] play a concerto on the violin, accompany on the clavier in symphonies, and with the keys covered with a cloth
will play as if he had the keyboard under his eyes. Further, from a distance he will name exactly any note that may be sounded separately or in
chords on the clavier, or on any other instrument, or on bells, glasses,
clocks, and so on. Finally, he will improvise as long as he is desired to,
not only on the clavier but on the organ, and in any key, even the most
difficult, that may be stipulated." Armed with the announcement, the father and his prodigies set off.
(to be continued)
1. play the piano but play a concerto on the pi-
ano/violin/clavier/organ
2. the houses of the great – в домах великих (людей)
the rich – богачи
the poor – беднота
the English – англичане
3.like – так, подобно этому (наречие):
Gifts like Wolfgang’s…, our coach goes like the wind
4. borrow (books, money)- брать взаймы, занимать
lend (lent) – давать взаймы, одалживать
5. organize a tour – организовать гастроли
6. a handbill – программка
7. prodigy – вундеркинд
8. announce – объявлять
announcement – объявление, извещение
VOCABULARY NOTES
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СЛОВООБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНЫЕ АФФИКСЫ
Основа существительного
+ -hood
cуществительное
Childhood,
brotherhood
Основа прилагательного + -ness
существительное
darkness
Основа глагола + -tion/sion/-ion
существительное
preparation
Основа глагола + -er/or
существительное
writer
Основа глагола + -ing
герундий/существительное
оpening
Основа глагола + -ment
существительное
development
Основа прилагательного+ -ty
существительное
activity
Основа глагола + -ive
прилагательное
active
Un-/il-/im -/in-/ir- + ос-
нова прилагательного
прилагательное с отрицат.
значением
unusual
impossible
Основа глагола
+ -able/-ible
прилагат. со значением
возможности совершения
действия
readable
disputable
Re- + глагол
глагол со значением повторного действия
rewrite
reuse
Основа прилагательного + -ize
глагол
activize
Основа прилагательного+ -ly
наречие
separately
9. set off – отправиться (в путешествие)
Musically gifted; accompany on the clavier/violin; key; in any key;
keyboard; note; organ; chord; improvise; instrument; bell.
1. as if – так будто. Еще один составной союз, обозначающий что-
либо нереальное или противоположное. Глагол, следующий за этим
союзом должен употребляться в форме Past Simple или Past Perfect:
With the keys covered with a cloth he will play as if he had the key-
board under his eyes.
TERMINOLOGY
GRAMMAR COMMENTARY
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He acts as if he were rich.
He looked as if he had seen a ghost.
2. unfolding genius
He had a little handbill printed
…with the keys covered with a cloth
streamlet bubbling away into the far distance
Armed with the announcement…
Musically gifted
ПРИЧАСТИЕ (THE PARTICIPLE) - неличная форма глагола, в
которой сочетаются признаки прилагательного или наречия с признаками глагола. В английском языке существуют два вида причастий:
Participle I и Participle II.
Participle I может иметь простую (unfolding) и сложную формы
(having unfolded, being unfolded). Может находиться перед определя-
емым словом (a shining star) и после определяемого слова (the stars
shining in the skies). В функции обстоятельства переводится на русский
язык деепричастием: They sailed down the river, stopping off to play… –
Они плыли по реке, останавливаясь, чтобы поиграть музыку…
Participle II имеет только простую форму (printed). Может стоять
перед и после определяемого слова: the covered keys или the keys
covered.
EXERCISES
A COMPREHENSION.
MOZART: POVERTY and GENIUS
1. Answer the questions:
Why did Wolfgang’s father organize a tour? What were his reasons?
Who lent him money for the journey?
What did the handbill announce? What were the boy’s accomplishments?
What instruments did the boy play? What tricks could he perform?
Have you ever taught children? Tell your classmates about your teaching experience.
Who was your first teacher of music? Was he of any importance in
your musical achievements? Can you say that his musical lessons were a real treat for you?
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2. Say in English:
Такое дарование, как у Вольфганга, прятать нельзя, - решили ро-
дители. Поэтому, когда мальчику исполнилось шесть, а его сестре
одиннадцать, их отец взял взаймы деньги у своего друга и организовал гастроли для детей.
Вооруженный афишей, в которой описывались достижения Мо-
царта, отец и его вундеркинды отправились в путь.
B. COMMUNICATION
I. Improve your speech habits.
WATER
Water is the "life blood" of our earth. It is in every living thing. It
is in the air. It runs through mountains and valleys. It forms lakes and
oceans. Water is everywhere.
Nature has a great water system. Rain water finds its way to
streams and rivers. Rivers lead to the ocean. At the mouths of the rivers,
fresh water joins the salt water of the ocean.
Here at the mouth of a river there is much important plant and animal life. Pollution destroys this life, however. We have to clean our
streams and rivers. Man has to work with nature—not against it.
A). Choose the correct word from the words listed below each sentence.
1. According to the reading, water is like
(a) clouds (b) blood (c) rain
2. _ is in every living thing.
(a) Blood (b) Water (c) Heat
3. Streams become
(a) valleys (b) rivers (c) fresh
4. The mouth of a river is near
(a) the ocean (b) a stream (c) the mountains
5. Pollution plant and animal life.
(a) helps (b) destroys (c) forms
6. The river brings water to the ocean.
(a) salt (b) clean (c) fresh
7. There is much plant and animal life at the of a river.
(a) head (b) bottom (c) mouth
8. The water in streams and rivers comes from __
(a) rain (b) nature (c) valleys
9. We have to our rivers.
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(a) find (b) use (c) clean
1) destroy
2) find
3) lead
4) much
5) life
6) work
7) against
a) lose
b) little
c) rest
d) build
e) follow
f) for
g) death
10. Rivers are part of a great natural
(a) plan (b) system (c) problem
11. Fresh water does not have in it.
(a) salt (b) life (c) pollution
В) Match words with opposite meanings.
C). Discussion
1. Do you have water pollution in your region? What should be
done about the problem?
2. Do you live near a lake, or river? Do you live near the mouth of
a river, or the ocean? Describe the plant and animal life in these places.
3. Name the important lakes and rivers in our country. Tell some-
thing about each.
III. Talk on familiar topics:
HOUSEHOLD CHORES AND CITY TRANSPORT
1. Are you a stay-at-home or do you prefer to go out when you have some
time to spare?
2. Who does the housework in your family?
3. What do you think makes one’s home cosy and cheerful (gloomy and
cheerless)?
4. What do you find the best to brighten up a home?
5. Are you fond of having friends in? Do you often have parties?
6. The English proverb says: “If there is room in the heart, there is room in
the house”. Do you agree with it? Give your reasons, make up a short story
or situation to illustrate it.
7. Have you ever wondered what are the sounds in modern houses? Apart
from music they are – the whirr of the vacuum cleaner, the sound of the
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phone ringing, the hum of the electric razor, the incessant clang of lift
doors… What other sounds do you hear in your flat?
8. Machines are great time and energy savers, but equally they are taking
away much useful and valuable physical activity. And it’s common
knowledge we need exercise. What do you do about it?
9. What kinds of city transport do you know? By what transport do you get
to your place of work? Is it far from your home? What may happen if you
cross the street in the wrong place? What traffic rules and regulations must
pedestrians mind? Have you any “transport problems”?
10. There’s no denying the fact that life in the town is fast and full. Does this
rushing irritate you or are you accustomed to it?
11. Is the nearest bus stop far from your house? How do you get about the
town if you have heavy luggage? Do you often use a taxi? How can you hire
a taxi? Do you tip taxi-drivers? Give your reasons.
12. What do you think of young men who do not give up their seats to elderly people? Do you like to read in a bus/tram while being stuck in a traffic
jam?
13. Have you got a car? What’s the make of your car? How does one get a
driving license? What does the test imply?
14. A great number of people are involved in traffic offences. Do you think
the punishment in the form of fines or suspension of driving licenses is sufficient to fight against them?
A. CONVERSATION AND DISCUSSION
a) Make sure you know the meaning of the following street signs.
Read and translate the following signs you may see in the streets:
“No Thoroughfare.” “No Left Turn.” “Cross Here.” “Parking”=”P”
“No Parking” “Slow Down” “No Passage” “Horns Forbidden” “No Ad-
mittance” “Keep Left” “Admittance Free” “Used Tickets” “Bus Stop
Request” “Station Full” (at the parking lot) “One Way Only” “Filling
Station” “No Stopping” “Private” “Beware of Cars” “Two Line Traffic”
“Look Out When Crossing” “Road Under Construction” “Wet Paint”
“Taxi-stand/rank” “Keep Off the Grass” “Tickets and Trains”(in the Lon-
don Tube) “For Litter” “Obey Park Regulations” “Keep Our Town Clean”
b). Give Russian equivalents to the idioms.
Make up sentences or situations using them.
1. be in the same boat
2. to make shipwreck
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3. to rest on one’s oars
4. to sink or swim
5. to keep one’s weather eye open
6. to weather the storm
7. (to be) all at sea
8. in deep water
9. in low water
10. in full sail
11. on the rocks
12. on the top of the wave
13. Breakers ahead!
14. to swim against the current
c). Make up stories to illustrate the proverbs and sayings:
A man knows his companion in a long journey and a little inn.
Rest is rust.
He that never climbed, never fell.
Beauty is in the eye of the beholder
The best things in life are free
It needs more skill than I can tell
To play the second fiddle well.
Are you of the same opinion? Give your reasons
D. GRAMMAR
1. Translate into Russian the word combinations:
The growing population of the country; the student attending all the
lectures; the pianist performing Chopin; the programme containing many
items;
Using new methods; compiling a concert programme; achieving
good results dividing the sonatas into movements; refusing to give an explanation; receiving important information;
Having entered the Conservatoire; having decided to perform all Prokofiev’s sonatas; having changed the tempo; having passed all examinations
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The achieved results; the piece performed by a famous musician; the
information obtained recently; help offered by the teacher; the land discovered by Columbus
2. Translate into English:
Профессор, читающий лекцию; девочка, спрашивающая дорогу;
музыкант, исполняющий токкату Баха; студент, изучающий два иностранных языка; развивающиеся страны; человек, предлагающий
свою помощь
Студент, спрошенный преподавателем; книга, взятая в библиотеке; пьеса, исполненная струнным оркестром; экзамен, сданный
успешно; проблема, поставленная докладчиком; письмо, найденное в
столе
Изучая иностранный язык; читая книгу, играя музыку; объединяя народы; отказываясь помогать; увеличивая скорость; оставаясь
дома; двигаясь быстро; покидая город
Изучив один иностранный язык; исполнив прелюдию; прочитав
роман; окончив консерваторию; закрыв дверь; решив важную проблему; оставшись дома; получив письмо; оставив книгу дома
E. SUPPLEMENTARY READING PRACTICE
I. CREATIVE BIOGRAPHY
Dr John Green is one of Australian foremost concert pianists and
one of the country's most senior and distinguished music academics. He
is Head of Performance, Head of Practical Music and Head of Keyboard
Studies in the oldest and most important music institution in Australia
the Faculty of Music in the University of Melbourne. During his early
musical training, John Green was based in Europe for over a decade. He
is a student of Geza Anda, Geoffrey Parsons, Enrique Barenboim and
Peter Feuchtwanger, whose assistant he was for nearly five years in
London. He also studied composition and conducting at the Guildhall
School of Music. He has performed throughout Australia, England, Ireland, Switzerland, Italy, France, Austria, Hungary, Singapore, Hong
Kong, Thailand and Korea. He has broadcast regularly for the ABC
since the late seventies, and is a constant performer within Australia and
overseas, returning frequently to Europe and Asia for concert and masterclass tours He has published an important work on piano technique
29
and contributed to various significant music publications including the
Oxford Companion to Australian Music, Dr Green has also released four
solo piano compact discs over the last four years to considerable critical
acclaim, including the complete Chopin Etudes. Two more CDs are
ready for release in 2007. Dr Green is the Federal Chair of the Piano
Specialist Panel of the Australian Music Examinations Board in Victoria
and he has adjudicated innumerable musical awards and scholarships in
Australia and abroad.
At the start of 2006, he also accepted the position of Head of Studies by specific invitation of the Governing Board of the Australian National Academy of Music, Australia's leading institution for the performance training of the country's most elite young musicians. In this role
he constructed the entire teaching and performance program for the
Academy's Advanced Performance Course.
John Green's rare combination of performance and pedagogical
skills make him much in demand as concert artist, lecturer and jury
member.
a) Translate the following expressions and phrases from the text and memorize them:
one of the foremost concert pianists(violinists, bassoon-players, etc.)
distinguished music academics
head of practical music
the oldest and most important music institution
during his early musical training
has performed throughout Australia, England, Ireland
has broadcast regularly for (the ABC)
is a constant performer within Australia and overseas
concert and masterclass tours
has published an important work on piano technique
contributed to various significant music publications
has also released four solo piano compact discs
has adjudicated innumerable musical awards and scholarships
accepted the position of Head of Studies
Examinations Board
leading institution for the performance training
he constructed the entire teaching and performance program
for the Academy's Advanced Performance Course.
combination of performance and pedagogical skills
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