Английский язык для юридических специальностей. English for Law students. Учебное пособие

7. We worked in police two years ago. (Where) 8 .1 shall give you the book tomorrow. (What)

5. Discuss your term paper with your partner. Points for discussion: your reasons for choosing the certain topic of the term paper, what issues you are studying, what materials you are using.

It’s very noble and necessary to protect life and property of our people. Some

Lawyers are still in high demand and their profession is very prestigious and high-paying. People go to lawyers in order to solve a lot of different problems such as problems with administration, taxes, property, civil rights etc. Lawyers spend a lot of time doing a routine job, comparing facts, organizing all their papers. It is very hard because you can make a mistake or miss some details and it will have negative impact on clients. Generally speaking, lawyers’ job is very difficult and high-demanding. It requires you to know not only the laws of our country but also be able to set up a defense line in court which will help you to win even a very complicated case. I know all that but I really want to help people that are protected by the law and I feel like I can work in legal environment. More than that I feel that it is my calling because not everyone knows his rights and often the justice depends on their lawyers. If I have to do a lot of work and collect many different documents and evidence in order to prove they are right then I’m willing to do it.

Просмотрите приведенные ниже слова и решите, какие из них могут встретиться в тексте. Переведите на русский язык.

Parliament (роспуск парламента) and invitations to form a government when there is no clear majority. The Queen is Elizabeth II.

The supreme legislative power is vested in Parliament, which sits for 5 years unless dissolved sooner. The British Parliament consists of two chambers: the House of Lords and the House of Commons. The House of Lords is composed of hereditary and life peers and peeresses (about 830 hereditary peers, 26 spiritual peers, about 270 life peers).

The members of the House of Commons are elected by the people. They are elected from the constituencies in England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The House of Commons is the real governing body of the United Kingdom. The executive power is exercised by the Prime Minister and his Cabinet. The government is usually formed by the political party which is supported by the majority in the House of Commons. The Prime Minister is the majority party leader and is appointed by the Queen. The Prime Minister chooses a team of ministers; twenty of the ministers are in the Cabinet. All ministers must be members of one or the other houses of the Parliament. They are individually and collectively responsible to the Crown and the Parliament. The Cabinet proposes bills and arranges the business of the Parliament. In order to become a law, a new bill proposed by the Cabinet must be approved by both houses of Parliament. The Lords cannot veto a bill, but they can delay it for a maximum of one year. Financial bills cannot be delayed by the House of Lords. The second largest party becomes the official opposition with its own leader and the Shadow Cabinet. The two leading parties in Great Britain are the Conservative Party (the Tories) and the Labour Party.

to be elected by the people - избираться народом to be elected from a constituency - избираться от избирательного округа the real governing body- реальный правящий орган the executive power - исполнительная власть Prime Minister - премьер-министр the Cabinet - кабинет to be supported by the majority - поддерживаться большинством to be appointed by - назначаться (кем-л.) to choose a team of ministers - создавать команду министров the Shadow Cabinet - теневой кабинет the judiciary branch of the government - судебная власть to determine common law- определять общее право to be independent of smth - не зависеть от чего-л.

armed forces of the U.K. She also has to fulfill her ceremonial functions such as opening of Parliament, for example.

a) Прочитайте и переведите перечисленные функции английского монарха и укажите, какие из них НЕ упомянуты в тексте:

b) Прочитайте следующие предложения и выявите предложения, НЕ соответствующие содержанию текста.

The main purpose of the House of Commons is to make laws of the land by passing various Acts (of Parliament), as well as to discuss current political issues. The House sits for five days each week. Each "sitting" starts in the afternoon and may go on throughout the night. The House sits for about 175 days in the years, and has a maximum term of five years. All speeches in the House of Commons are addressed to the Speaker who is elected at the beginning of each new Parliament to preside over the House and enforce the rules of order. The Speaker must be a person with a rare mix of qualities: he has to be able to cope with the difficult task of conducting debates; be respected for impartiality; possess a sound knowledge of parliamentary procedure; have tact and judgement in handling debates; and have a firmness of command in controlling the House. The debates take place in accordance with a program previously arranged. It often concerns a broad issue of foreign or home policy, or it may be the examination of the contents of a bill. So, the House of Commons is the main place where legislation and other decisions of government are criticized. Its work includes the following: a) legislation: the House spends nearly half its time making laws. b) controlling finance: before the Government can raise or spend money, it must have permission from the House of Commons. c) scrutinizing the Government by asking questions, by holding debates and by committee work. B. The House of Lords There are over 1,000 members of the House of Lords. They are an unelected group of people who have either inherited their seats or have been given them by the Government. The Lord Chancellor sits in the middle and supervises debates. He sits on "the wool sack", a seat which contains wool from all the Commonwealth countries. The House of Lords takes part in the making of laws, the examination of the Government's work and in debating important matters of the day. This second chamber is not as powerful as the House of Commons. It can suggest changes in laws, but is restricted to laws that have nothing to do with the finances of the country (for example, it cannot suggest any changes to the Budget). The House of Lords cannot reject laws that the House of Commons wants to pass, though it can amend them. Even then, the Commons can reject these amendments. The work of the House of Lords includes: a) legislation: reviewing and giving further consideration to Bills. b) examining the work of the Government by debate. c) examining European proposals. d) hearing legal appeals.