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Файл:Этика и эстетика в туризме (на английском языке) = Ethics and Aesthetics in tourism (in English). Конспект лекций для обучающихся 3 курса образователь.pdf
Aestheticians compare historical developments with theoretical approaches to
the arts of many periods. They study the varieties of art in relation to their physical,
social, and culture environments. Aestheticians also use psychology to understand
how people see, hear, imagine, think, learn, and act in relation to the materials and
problems of art. Aesthetic psychology studies the creative process and the aesthetic
experience.
Aesthetic ethics refers to the idea that human conduct and behaviour ought to
be governed by that which is beautiful and attractive. John Dewey has pointed out
that the unity of aesthetics and ethics is in fact reflected in our understanding of
behaviour being "fair"—the word having a double meaning of attractive and morally
acceptable. More recently, James Page has suggested that aesthetic ethics might be
taken to form a philosophical rationale for peace education.
Questions for self-check:
1. What is the origin of the etiquette?
2. What do you know about the history of development of the etiquette?
3. What main types of etiquette is it possible to differentiate?
4. Substantiate the importance of morality in travel industry.
5. Give examples of the national peculiarities of the etiquette.
6. What is aesthetic and its role in the society?
DIDACTIC MATERIAL
METHODOLOGY OF STUDYING CONSCIENTIOUSNESS
Instruction. You are invited to respond to a number of allegations in their
accordance with experienced feelings you put next to the approval of the "+" symbol,
when disagreement-"-" sign.
The text of the questionnaire
1. When I happened to cheat someone, I experienced painful pangs of
conscience.
2. I prefer nature paintings than depicting scenes of life.
3. People avoiding work, must feel a sense of guilt.
4. Often the person is sick because it's too pessimistic views on life.
5. To achieve something in life, you need to make great efforts.
6. Conscience is an invention of human beings.
7. Imperfect people is never truly happy.
8. I do a lot of what often later repent.
9. Each man is what he thinks about himself.
10. having abused someone accidentally someone, I long to feel guilty.
11. Where there are no problems, no and interesting life.
12. Depresses Me that I had little do (did) for their parents.
13. Life must perceive what it is, not what it wants to leaving see.
14. As a child, beating someone or stealing the toy, I never repented in his
doings.
15. Every phenomenon has its positive and negative sides.
16. I wish that my sins were forgiven.
17. The slogan "who does not work does not eat" is absolutely correct.
18. Remorse is rarely visited by me.
19. Where there is a vivacity of spirit, there is no place for diseases and
sorrows.
20. Only solving the problem, you can grow as a person.
21. When I was doing something wrong, my conscience.
The key to the questioner. Earn 1 point for positive answers to items 1, 3, 8, 10,
12, 14, 16 and for negative answers to items 6, 18, 21. Responses to the remaining
allegations disregarded. momentum Counts the amount of credits (minimum 0,
maximum 10 scores). The greater the amount of points, the higher conscientiousness
(tendency to fault).
THE TECHNIQUE OF "ALTRUISM-SELFISHNESS IDENTIFICATION "
Instruction. Read the questions carefully and answer them "Yes" or "no" on
the basis of the your tendency of behavior in the given situations.
The text of the questionnaire
1. Are you often told that you are thinking about others more than about
yourself?
2. Is it easier for you to ask for something for the sake of others than for
yourself?
3. Do you find it difficult to refuse people when you are asked for something?
4. Do you often try to do people a favor if they are in trouble?
5. Are you more pleased to do something for yourself than for others?
6. Do you strive to do as much as possible for other people?
7. Are you convinced that the greatest value in life is to live for other people?
8. Do you find it difficult to force yourself to do something for others?
9. Is selflessness your distinctive feature?
10. Do you believe that caring for others often comes at the expense of
yourself?
11.Do you condemn people who cannot take care of themselves?
12. Do you often ask people to do anything for selfish motives?
13. Is help to other people your distinctive feature?
14. Do you think that people should think about themselves, and only after that
about the others?
15. Do you devote a lot of time to yourself?
16. Are you convinced that there is no need to strain heavily for the sake of
others?
17. You usually have neither strength nor time for yourself?
18.Do you use your free time only for your hobbies?
19. Can you call yourself a selfish person?
20. Can you make the best efforts only for good reward?
Processing of the results
The key to the questioner. mark 1 point when replying "Yes" to questions 1,
4, 6, 7, when replying "no" to questions 5, 8, 10-12, 14-16, 18-20. Then calculate the
total amount of points.
Conclusions. The more above 10 points is the amount gathered, the more
altruistic desire to help people the subject expresses. Conversely, if the sum is less
than 10 points, the more the subject expresses selfish trend.
TEST “IDENTIFICATION OF THE LEVEL OF HAPPINESS”
Instruction: For each question, choose one of the answers.
1. When you think about your life, do you come to the conclusion that:
a) everything was sooner bad than good;
b) was more good than bad;
c) everything was excellent.
2. At the end of the day, you are usually:
a) unhappy about yourself;
b) think that the day could pass better;
c) go to bed with the feeling of satisfaction.
3. When you look in the mirror, you think:
a) "Oh my God, time is ruthless!..";
b) "Not as bad as that!";
c) "Everything is perfect!
4. If you learn about a big winning of some of your mates, you think:
a) "Well I never get that luck!";
b) “Oh, damn! Why on earth it wasn’t me? ";
c) "Once I’ll be lucky as well!"
5. If you hear on the radio or learn from the newspapers about an incident, you
say to yourself:
a) “Once this will happen to me!";
b) “Luckily, I passed this disaster! ";
c)"These reporters deliberately stir up passions!"
6. When you wake up in the morning, most commonly you:
a) do not want to think about anything;
b) think about the forthcoming day;
c) are pleased that a new day has begun and brought new surprises.
7. Think about your buddies:
a) they are not so interesting and sympathetic as I'd like them to be;
b) ‘course, they have flaws, but overall they are quite tolerable;
c) they are wonderful people!
8. Comparing yourself to others, you think:
a) “I’m underestimated”;
b) “I am not worse than others”;
c) "I’m a leader, and it’s recognized by everybody!"
9. If your weight has increased by 4-5 kg, you:
a) go into a panic;
b) think that there is nothing special in it;
c) immediately go on a diet and do physical exercises.
10. If you feel depressed, you:
a) swear your fate;
b) know that the bad mood will pass;
c) try to have fun.
For every answer "a" charge - 0 points; "b"-1 point, "c"-2 points.
The results of the test:
17-20 points: you are such a lucky person that I can't believe that this is
possible! You enjoy life, without paying attention to the troubles and miseries. You
are cheerful and optimistic.
13-16 points: probably, you are "optimally" happy person, and in your life
there is clearly more joy than sadness;
8-12 points: happiness and unhappiness for you are expressed by the famous
formula "50/50";
0-7 points: you're used to look at the world through "black glasses", you
believe that destiny reserved for you the fate of unlucky man, and sometimes even
boast about this
TEST " SATISFACTION WITH YOUR LIFE”
Test developed by British psychologist c. Coleman.
It is necessary to answer the following questions.
1. Other dress up better than you?
2. Do you want to live in a friend's House?
3. Would you like to have another job?
4. Would you ever pretend to be someone else?
5. Do you take pride in the fact that we have done in your life?
6. Can get on with your partner?
7. You always have a good relationship with your friends?
8. Do you find on cabbage soup th language with relatives?
9. Are you satisfied with your sexual life?
10. Do you like your appearance?
11. Do you have enough sleep?
12. Are you often frustrated and angry?
1. Do you like to be active?
2. Can You easily relax?
3. Do you think that was unfair to you?
Calculate your points: on 1-4, 12 and 15 for a negative response, but in matters
of 1.13 and 14 for an affirmative answer is given 1 point.
The results of the
9 points and more: you are happy and satisfied with what you have.
4-8 points: you basically satisfied, although there is much that would possibly
change.
3 points and less: you are no doubt unhappy. There are many things that you
would like to change. full satisfaction only some aspects of your lifestyle.
The technique "do you love yourself?"
Responding to questions that test ("Yes" or "no"), you can try to understand
how you feel about yourself.
The text of the questionnaire
1. Do you feel good for what you have?
2. Do you think that you have failures?
3. Do you co-relate your actions with the opinion of others?
4. Do you have a habit of remembering previous conversations and situations,
to understand what made other people in such cases?
5. Are you embarrassed when you are praised in your presence?
6. Can you be alone for a long time?
7. You feel undeniable correlation between the material circumstances and
mental comfort?
8. How often do experience fear that the worst will happen?
9. Do you find it difficult to express your feelings to others?
10. Choose whether to resist the human community in which you live?
The results
For every answer "no" to questions from 2 to 9 are credited with 5 points, for
the answers "Yes" to questions 1 and 10-5 points (respectively for the answers
"Yes" and "no"-0 points).
35-50 points: do you like;
15-30 points: it's hard to tell whether you like yourself;
0-10 points: you definitely don't like yourself.
THE TECHNIQUE OF ALTRUISM-SELFISHNESS
IDENTIFICATION
Instruction. Read the questions Carefully and answer them "Yes" or "no" on
the basis of the information before you trend NCDP and behavior in a given
situation. The text of the questionnaire
1. You often say that you are thinking about others than about himself?
2. It easier for you to ask for other than yourself?
3. Do you find it difficult to deny people when you ask for something?
4. Do you often try to provide people a service if they have trouble or trouble?
5. For yourself you're doing anything with pain Shi m pleasure than for others?
6. You want to do as much as possible for other people?
7. You are convinced that the greatest value in life to live for other people?
8. Do you find it difficult to force yourself to do something for others?
9. Your aim is selflessness?
10. You believe that caring for others often comes at the expense of yourself?
11. You condemn people who cannot take care of themselves?
12. Do you often ask people to do anything for the purpose of making a profit?
13. Your aim is to help other people?
14. Do you think that people should think about yourself, and then are usually a
lot of time giving his lady?
15. You are convinced that no need for other heavily strain?
16. For yourself you usually don't have neither strength nor time?
17. Free time you use only for your hobbies?
18. You can call yourself a selfish?
19. You can make the best efforts only good reward?
The results
The key to the questioner. Be marked by 1 point when replying "Yes" to
questions 1, 4, 6, 7, when replying "no" to questions 5, 8, 10-12, 14-16, 18-20. Then
calculates the total amount of points.
Conclusions. when the amount is more than 10 points, the more the subject
expressed altruistic desire to help people. Conversely, if the sum is less than 10
points, the more the subject expressed selfish trend.
CONCLUSION
In the modern age, the age of globalization and international business, the
development of tourism industry undergoes the process of steady and sustainable
growth. And every business person, whether he deals with the products or services,
needs to understand the main rules of ethical behavior, as ethical problems are of
great importance for the development of modern society.
In the business of tourism, ethics and aesthetics are even more crucial because
the specialists in this field communicate with people seeking recreation, gaining
strength and balance and aesthetic contentment. And it is the travel agent, the guide,
the hotel manager, who are to create peaceful friendly atmosphere which guarantee
recreation of employees. Besides, in our globalized epoch, it is extremely necessary
to be able to use lingua franca, the language of international communication, which
nowadays is English. Under the circumstances, to develop communication skills not
only in the field of trivial communication, but substantiating personal ideas, making
reports and presentations would be exceptionally useful skill for the students.
The course of lectures under consideration presents general overview of ethical
thought in respect to the personality and the society both in the field of day-to-day
life and business interaction. It allows students to better understand interrelations of
people within the society on the basis of the knowledge obtained in the course of
philosophy in Russian language and develop it in ethical dimension using the
language of international communication. In the final part of the course students have
the possibility to learn the customs and traditions peculiar for day-to day and business
communication in different regions of the world, which is of great importance for the
employees engaged in travel industry. Also it is underlined the importance of
aesthetic impact on the tourists and excursionists, which they get in the beautiful
places of nature, visiting museums with fine paintings and sculptures, admiring the
beauty of ancient architecture while visiting historical buildings, such as palaces,
cathedrals castles and other historical monuments.
ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ
В современную эпоху, эпоху глобализации и международного бизнеса
развитие индустрии туризма претерпевает процесс неуклонного и устойчивого
роста. И каждый бизнесмен, независимо от того, занимается ли он
производством товаров или услуг, должен понимать основные правила
этического поведения, так как этические проблемы имеют большое значение
для развития современного общества.
В сфере туризма этика и эстетика имеет еще большее значение, в связи с
тем, что специалист в этой области общается с людьми, стремящимися
отдохнуть, набраться сил и получить эстетическое удовольствие. И именно
агент турбюро, менеджер отеля, и другие работники туристической сферы
должны создавать спокойную дружественную атмосферу, которая гарантируют
отдых рабочих и служащих. Кроме того, в нашу эпоху глобализации, крайне
необходимо иметь возможность использовать язык международного общения,
которым в настоящее время является английский. В современных условиях
крайне важно для студентов развивать навыки общения не только в области
повседневного общения, но и учиться обосновывать свои идеи, делать доклады
и презентации на английском языке.
Данный курс лекций представляет собой общий обзор этической мысли
в личностном и общественном измерениях в повседневной жизни и деловом
общении. Это позволяет студентам лучше понять взаимосвязи людей в
обществе на основе знаний, полученных в ходе изучения философии на
русском языке и развить их в этическое измерение, используя язык
международного общения. В заключительной части курса студенты имеют
возможность изучать обычаи и традиции повседневного и делового общения в
различных регионах мира, что имеет большое значение для работников,
занятых в индустрии путешествий. Также подчеркивается важность
эстетического воздействия на туристов и экскурсантов, которое они получают
посещая красивых мест природы, музеи и картинные галереи, любуясь
красотой древней архитектуры исторических памятников.