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Файл:Тhe base of english skills development. Учебное пособие
.pdf
DIALOGUE 4
W. Hello.
M. Good morning. This is
Vladimir Ivanov from
TEHNOPROF. I would like
to talk to Ms. Roberts. It's
urgent.
W. Sorry, what did you
say?
M. This is Vladimir Ivanov
from TEHNOPROF. I would
like to talk to Ms. Roberts.
It's urgent.
W. Sorry. I can hardly
hear you.
M. Hello, can you hear me?
W. The line is bad. I do not
hear you.
M. I’ll call you back right
now.
W. OK, I put the phone
down. Communication was
interrupted.
ДИАЛОГ №4
Ж. Алло.
М. Доброе утро. Говорит
Владимир Иванов из
компании ТЕХНОПРОФ.
Я бы хотел переговорить с
госпожой Робертс. Это
срочно.
Ж. Простите, что вы
сказали?
М. Говорит Владимир
Иванов из компании
ТЕХНОПРОФ. Я бы хотел
переговорить с госпожой
Робертс. Это срочно.
Ж. Извините. Вас плохо
слышно.
М. Алло, вы меня
слышите?
Ж. Помехи на линии. Вас
не слышно.
М. Я сейчас вам
перезвоню.
Ж. Хорошо, я кладу
трубку. Связь прервалась.
Translate into English:
1. Доброе утро. Чем я могу быть вам полезна?
2. Простите, с кем я говорю?
3. Могу ли я узнать, по какому вопросу вы звоните?
4. Я соединяю вас с директором.
5. Вы не могли бы перезвонить попозже?
6. Можете передать ему, что я звонил?
61
7. Конечно, я обязательно всё передам.
8. Доброе утро, я хотел бы поговорить с госпожой
Петровой.
9. Вы ошиблись номером.
10.К сожалению, господина Джонсона сегодня нет на
месте.
11. Вы не могли бы соединить меня с заместителем
директора?
12. Он говорит по телефону
13. Нет, лучше я оставлю сообщение.
14. Вы можете оставить свои координаты? Я обязательно
всё передам. Спасибо за звонок.
UNIT 4
1. Устный коррективный курс по фонетике
английского языка
2. Text 4 A. What is a Manager?
3. Text 4 B. Definitions of Public Relations
4. Text 4 C. Dealing with Culture Shock
5. Времена группы Continuous (§11).Функции и перевод it
(§ 12).. Функции и перевод one (§ 13).. Функции и перевод
that (§ 14).
5. Dialogues: Reception
6. Quiz. How imaginative are you?
1. Pronounce the following words paying attention to the
letter combination:
Th think, thing, thin, thought, death, threat, this, that,
those, the, these, there, other, another, through, fifth, myth,
thief , tooth, thunder, thank, think, thought, theatre, theory,
theft
62
kn [n] knap, knag, knack, knick, knit, knell, knob, knot, knock,
knave, knife, knout, knight, knee, kneel, knead, knur, knop
PRE-TEXT EXERCISES
2. Make sure if you can read the words correctly:
Number, frequently, instead of, widely, applies, finance,
decision, characterized, managerial, organizing, responsibility,
function, hierarchy, determine, occupies, successfully.
3. Memorize the following words and word-combinations:
Personnel manager - начальник отдела кадров,
financial manager - финансовый менеджер, sales manager -
заведующий отделом продаж, заведующий отделом сбыта;
marketing manager - менеджер по маркетингу, to supervise -
наблюдать (за чём-л.), заведовать; profit-making
organization - коммерческая организация, managerial -
управленческий, hierarchy - иерархия, subordinate подчиненный, authority - власть, полномочия; to delegate
authority-передавать полномочия
Text 4 A. Read and translate
WHAT IS A MANAGER?
A number of different terms are often used instead of the
term "manager", including "director", "administrator" and
"president". The term "manager" is used more frequently in
profit-making organizations, while the others are used more
widely in government and non-profit organizations such as
universities, hospitals and social work agencies.
So, whom do we call a "manager"?
In its broad meaning, the term "managers" applies to the
people who are responsible for making and carrying out
decisions within a certain system. A personnel manager
63
directly supervises people in an organization. Financial
manager is a person who is responsible for finance. Sales
manager is responsible for selling of goods. A marketing
manager is responsible for promotion of products on the
market.
Almost everything a manager does involves decisionmaking. When a problem exists a manager has to make a
decision to solve it. In decision-making there is always some
uncertainty and risk.
Management is a variety of specific activities.
Management is a function of planning, organizing,
coordinating, directing and controlling. Any managerial
system, at any managerial level, is characterized in terms of
these general functions.
Managing is a responsible and hard job. There is a lot to
be done and relatively little time to do it. In all types of
organizations managerial efficiency depends on
manager's direct personal relationships, hard work on a variety
of activities and preference for active tasks.
The characteristics of management often vary according to
national culture, which can determine how managers are
trained, how they lead people and how they approach their
jobs.
The amount of responsibility of any individual in a
company depends on the position that he or she occupies in its
hierarchy. Managers, for example, are responsible for leading
the people directly under them, who are called subordinates.
To do this successfully, they must use their authority,
which is the right to take decisions and give orders. Managers
often delegate authority. This means that employees at lower
levels in the company hierarchy can use their initiative that is
make decisions without asking their manager.
64
4. Fill in the blanks with the following words:
Personnel, exists, vary, financial, specific, marketing,
responsible.
1. A ... manager is responsible for promotion of
products on the market. 2. When a problem ... a manager has to
make a decision to solve it. 3. Managing is a ... and hard job. 4.
A ... manager directly supervises people in an organization. 5.
The characteristics of management often ... according to
national culture. 6. Management is a variety of ... activities. 7.
... manager is a person who is responsible for finance.
5. Translate the following definitions and memorize the
terms:
1. Management information system — A management
information system (MIS) provides information needed to
manage organizations efficiently and effectively. Management
information systems involve three primary resources: people,
technology, and information.
2. Managerial economics is a social science discipline
that combines the economics theory, concepts and known
business practices in order to make the process of decision
making easy.
6. Answer the following questions:
1. What is manager's role in an organization?
2. What concrete activities a production manager (financial
manager, personnel manager, marketing manager) is
responsible for?
3. What is the difference between sales management and
marketing management?
4. What means to delegate authority?
7. Read the international words and guess their meanings:
65
Economic activity, economic system, macroeconomics,
microeconomics, to produce, to operate, to protect, to analyze,
to finance, to manufacture, to specialize, to focus, to affect,
service, school, hospital, garage, fact, base, production,
material, industry, radio, strategy, status, export, import,
institution, distribution, division, investment, history,
organization, period, spectrum, agriculture, essential, basic,
industrialized, oriented (policy), national, financial, social,
major, fact, base, total, primarily, public.
Text 4 B Definitions of Public Relations
1. Memorize the following words and word-
combinations:
One-time - разовый, одномоментный; establish основывать; учреждать; создавать; evaluation of results -
оценка результатов; multiple publics – многочисленная
аудитория; long-term – долгосрочный; mutually -
обоюдно; взаимно; совместно; sustained effort -
непрерывные усилия; большая работа; goodwill -
доброжелательность
2. Read and translate the text:
Public relations (PR) as a profession was established
less than a hundred years ago. At the same time during its
relatively brief history people always tried to give definitions
to public relations. The earliest definitions emphasized the
roles of press relations and publicity because these were the
most important fields from which modern public relations
grew.
Later in the twentieth century as” public relations” was
recognized and used by more organizations, definitions began
to include:
66
-the need for research before actions, careful planning
and evaluation of results;
-a systematic process, not a one-time activity;
-multiple publics;
-its role as an important function of management;
-public participation as an important tool;
-the need for long-term projects.
In 1988 the Assembly of the Public Relations Society of
America made an attempt to solve this problem. It officially
adopted a definition of public relations which has become very
popular and widely used:
“Public relations helps an organization and its publics
adapt mutually to each other.”
In this definition, the functions of research, planning,
communication, dialogue and evaluation are mentioned. Key
words are “organizations” rather than the “company” or
“business”, and “publics” which means that all organizations
have multiple publics with which they have to work.
The British Institute of Public Relations (IPR) has the
following definition of PR:
“Public relations is the planned and sustained effort to
establish and maintain goodwill and understanding between an
organization and its publics”. By these words it is “the planned
and sustained effort”. It means that PR activity is organized as
campaign or program and is a continuous systematic activity.
Its purpose is “to establish and maintain mutual
understanding”- that is, to make sure that the organization is
understood by others.
(Kovalenko P.I.”English for students of Public
Relations”)
Task 1 Answer the following questions:
1) When was public relations established? 2) What did early
definitions of PR emphasize? 3) What is the modern form of
67
definition? 4) When was a definition of public relations
officially adopted? 5) What is said about public participation?
6) What is the main task of PR activity?
Task 2. Translate into Russian:
1). PR как профессия насчитывает менее ста лет. 2)
История PR относительно коротка. 3) Ранние определения
PR делали акцент на отношениях с прессой. 4) Позднее в
двадцатом веке PR были признаны и задействованы
большим количеством организаций и бизнесменов. 5)
Более поздние определения PR стали включать в себя
необходимость исследований перед началом действий. 6)
Перед началом действий необходимо осторожное
планирование, оценка результатов. 7) PR - это
систематический процесс, не одноразовый вид деятельности. 8) PR работает со многими аудиториями. 9)
Участие публики — важный инструмент PR. 10) PR
нуждается в долгосрочных проектах.
Task 3 Questions for discussion
What definition of PR is used in your country? In what
way is it practiced?
Text 4 C . Read , translate and discuss the material.
DEALING WITH CULTURE SHOCK
(Как справиться с культурным шоком)
You have stepped off the plane into a new cultural
world. Initially you may experience a sense of overwhelming
fascination and awe. Everything around you is new: a different
language, different dress, or a confusing transit system. Slowly
you begin to adapt. You begin to notice certain cultural
nuances. This process takes time.
68
Culture is "an integrated system of learned behavior
patterns that are characteristic of the members of any given
society. Culture refers to the total way of life of particular
groups of people. It includes everything that a group of people
thinks, says, does and makes - its systems of attitudes and
feelings. Culture is learned and transmitted from generation to
generation."
You may have heard these words - Culture Shock
(культурный шок (психологическая травма в результате
столкновения с культурой, резко отличной от
собственной)) - already and possibly within a negative
context. Conflict in our lives, however, does not have to be
negative. It can be used as a source of motivation,
introspection, and change.
Culture shock is defined as a psychological
disorientation that most people experience when living in a
culture markedly different from one’s own. Culture shock
occurs when our "...cultural clues, the signs and symbols which
guide social interaction, are stripped away. ...A difficult part of
this process for adults is the experience of feeling like children
again, of not knowing instinctively the ‘right’ thing to do."
Symptoms of culture shock include: homesickness
(тоска по дому, ностальгия), boredom, withdrawal, excessive
sleep, compulsive eating/drinking, irritability, stereotyping host
nationals, hostility towards host nationals.
Everyone experiences culture shock in different ways,
at different times and to different degrees. Usually the cultural
adjustment process follows a certain pattern. At first, you will
be excited about going to starting a new adventure. When you
first arrive, everything will appear new and exciting. However,
after some time, you may start to feel homesick and question
why the Swiss (or Italians or French) do things differently than
we do. You may even become irritated with these differences.
However, you will eventually get used to this new way of life.
69
And before you know it, you will be getting excited about the
return home to your family and friends.
People from different cultures have different values
(ценности). You may find your own values questioned, just as
you are questioning those of the Swiss (or Italians, Germans,
French, Hungarians, etc.). For example, a visitor from India to
the US observed: "Americans seem to be in a perpetual hurry.
Just watch the way they walk down the street. They never
allow themselves the leisure to enjoy life; there are too many
things to do."
Sometimes our values and beliefs will conflict and
sometimes they will converge with the cultures we visit. The
better you are able to adjust to the differences, the greater the
ability you will have in empathizing and communicating with
those with whom you come in contact. The result will be a
better understanding of your own values and the values of the
people you will encounter (встречать).
http://www.oired.vt.edu/
Task 1. Tell about your trip abroad. Have you ever
encountered the same problem?
Task 2. Write short stories using the proverbs
- A friend in need is a friend indeed.
Друг в беде есть настоящий друг. Ср. Друзья познаются в
беде.
- Без труда не выловишь и рыбку из пруда.
Nothing to be got without pains.
- No pain, no gain.
Нет усердия — нет достижения
Task 3 Make up sentences with idioms
1. least of all - меньше всего
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