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Файл:Тhe base of english skills development. Учебное пособие
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4. What kind of person is Dan?
5. What features do I appreciate in Dan?
Text 1 B. Read and translate
ABOUT MY FRIEND
People say that I'm a sociable person. It's true. I make
friends easily and have a lot of acquaintances. But if I had to
choose among all my friends I would prefer Dan. He is the
most honest and responsible guy I've ever known. I'm sure that
I can rely on him in any situation.
We got acquainted at the meeting of our chess-club
two years ago and soon became close friends. We have much
in common apart from our hobby, I'm fond of jazz and so is
Dan. We both like poetry and, theatre, walking in the forest and
boating.
Dan is very gifted for music and plays the piano and
the guitar very well. He has made up his mind to become a
musician and dreams of the career of a pianist.
We spend a lot of time together and talk for hours
about all sorts of things: art, politics, love, family relations. We
often discuss films and books. Dan starts an argument every
time we speak about human character. He seldom agrees with
my judgments of people's behaviour. I should say that I'm more
tolerant than Dan. He is too frank and it's not always good of
him to tell people what he thinks about them. As for me I quite
often feel offended by his words but Dan tries his best to
reconcile as soon as possible. I can forgive him easily as I
know that he never really means any offence.
Dan never breaks his word and is ready to help me
whenever I have difficulties. Once we were going to have a
term test on maths. 1 was sure that I would fail as I wasn't good
at the subject. Dan knew that I was afraid to get a bad mark. He
spent long hours helping me to get prepared for the test. I was
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grateful to him for that. I knew how much he disliked maths
though he was quite good at it.
I hope that we'll remain friends with Dan even if we
have to take different roads and part.
Task 1. Write an essay about your friends and their
influence on you.
Text 1 C . Read the text, get its central idea and note the
important details
CHARACTER COMES BY LEARNING
(Характер формируется в процессе обучения).
“The worst of all deceptions is self-deception.” (Plato)
Who am I? I have a name, and that’s how people know
me. But how am I known? Am I funny, serious, friendly, or
angry? Do I have lots of friends…or none at all?
Our personality traits [(character) trait — черта
(характера)] make up our character. And our character was
shaped by those influences that had close contact with our life.
For some that may be mother and father, for others, they may
not even know their parents. School, friends, music, and media
also have great influence on how we choose to live our life.
A good character comes from good influences, and bad
ones are just the opposite. While none of us could ever choose
where and what living circumstances we were born into, we
must all, at some point, take responsibility for who we are.
Putting the past aside, forgetting about blame, now we must
choose what course and influences will direct our life.
A very wise man once said: “Do not be misled; bad
company corrupts good character” (Paul the Apostle). Who do
you keep company with? Who do you spend lots of time with?
Is it your friends…music…TV? Stop now for a moment and
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ask yourself this question: what messages are you getting from
All is well that ends well
Лит.: Всё хорошо, что
хорошо кончается. Добрый
конец всему делу венец
All doors open to courtesy
|ˈkəˈtɪ si|
Перед вежливостью все
двери открываются.
All men can't be first
Не всем дано быть первыми
these sources about life?
Think carefully about what kind of person you want to
be in 5 years…in 10 years? What do you need to do now to
start being that kind of person? Think about these things!
(to be continued)
Task1. Translate into Russian:
Angry; to be shaped by influences; opposite; mislead; to take
responsibility; carefully
Task 2. Proverbs and sayings. Learn them by heart
Task 3. Make sentences with idioms:
1. at the end of one's rope - в крайне тяжёлом;
безвыходном положении
Example:
I'm at the end of my rope - I lost my job, my car died,
and I don't have any money in the bank. — Я дошёл до ручки:
меня уволили с работы, моя машина приказала долго жить,
на счету не осталось ни цента.
2. make a splash - произвести сенсацию, фурор;
наделать много шуму; привлечь внимание, произвести
сильное или благоприятное впечатление
Example:
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When Tom opened his Toyota dealership, he made
quite a splash. - Когда Том открывал свой дилерский центр
Тойоты, он наделал много шуму.
She made a splash in society — Она произвела фурор
в обществе
They made quite a splash with their new record — Их
новая пластинка наделала много шуму
GRAMMAR REVIEW
Упр. 1. Из предложенного списка слов выберите
а) слова, которые всегда являются глаголами;
б) слова, которые никогда не являются глаголами;
в) слова, которые могут выступать и в качестве глагола, и
в качестве любой другой части речи (существительного,
прилагательного и т.д.)
1. Dream 2. Window 3. Seem 4. Live 5. Cigarette 6.
House 7. Become 8. Eat 9. Can 10. Below 11. Laugh 12.
Advice 13. Migrate 14. Passenger 15. Begin 16. Large 17.
Continue 18. Trip 19. Smoke 20. Warm 21. Air 22. Dress
23. Must 24. Long 25. Water
Упр. 2. Определите из контекста является
подчеркнутое слово глаголом или нет:
1. mittens warm the hands
2. the smoke rose to the ceiling
3. those dormitories house the men
4. her laugh hurt my ears
5. the will interests the lawyer
6. his cries fell on deaf ears
7. one can fell on the floor
8. the experiments require live organs
9. secretaries book appointments
10. her dreams came true
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Упр.3. Определите, являются подчеркнутые слова
глаголом или существительным в зависимости от их
функции в предложении.
1. In the desert the need for water is of primary importance.
2. Out of darkness came a woman’s cry for help.
3. On a dark night dreams can seem larger than life.
4. A safe place for a will is in a bank deposit box.
5. Since few classrooms have clocks, instructors time
exercises with a watch.
6. After a day on the slopes, skiers warm their feet by the fire.
7. An opossum mothers her young carefully during their first
weeks.
8. At the last minute, a swift kick by one player tied the
game.
9. For the engineering student recent studies are the most
relevant.
10. Near the living room windows were stands for the
houseplants.
11. When the weather turns warm, youngsters spring from
their beds early.
12. When they are unable to reach an agreement, committee
members table motion.
13. A country’s military might determines its international
policies.
14. Although it takes more money, highway engineers bank
sharp curves on all new roads.
15. To ensure maximum growing time for young rosebushes,
plant them in early spring.
16. Unless you place a flat stone under one leg, the picnic table
will rock.
Упр.4. Образуйте существительные от глаголов,
добавляя соответствующие суффиксы.
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-ation
-ence/-ance
- ment
observe
depend
conceal
inform
infer
move
determine
accept
agree
form
exist
judge
-al
-ure
-y
survive
press
deliver
propose
propose
inquire
refuse
fail
discover
approve
please
enquire
Упр.5. Заполните пропуски, образовав от приведенной
в скобках основы нужный глагол.
1. Don’t ______ on things which will hardly save you any
money. (economy)
2. With the aid of a screwdriver, _____ the two screws at each
end. (loose)
3. The final division of Germany was _______ by the
completion of the Berlin Wall. (simbol)
4. This mathematical function is used to ______ the wave
functions of elemantary particles. (specific)
5. It is a systematic attempt to ______ our competitive ability.
(strength)
6. I ______ with the philosophy students. (social)
7. The only way we are going to compete with the West is to
______ .(industry)
8. The subject is immensely complex, and hard to _____ .
(simple)
9. The chalcopyrite structure compounds can _____ either in
the ordered or disordered states. (crystal)
10. 71 % of employees are _____ in Belgium. (union)
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Упр.6. Образуйте множественное число от следующих
существительных (где возможно):
Child, person, weather, woman, tooth, wolf, sheep,
mouse, hair, foot, leaf, half, boy, lady, day, potato, party, watch,
glass, city, church, address, sandwich, key, video, news, way.
Особые случаи использования
существительных в единственном и множественном
числах.
Собирательные существительные. К ним относятся
такие слова, как class, team, police, committee, audience,
family, и т.д. Они не меняют форму, если употребляются в
значении множественного числа, указывая на членов
коллектива. Индикатором числа в этом случае становится
число сказуемого или местоимения.
That class has its final test on Friday.
The class are working on their individual projects today.
- Cуществительные, имеющие одинаковую форму во
множественном и в единственном числе. Часть из них
оканчивается на -s: species, series, means: That species is
rare. Those species are common.
Другая часть никогда не оканчивается на -s: sheep, deer,
fish. That deer is young. Those deer are old.
Упр. 7. Заполните пропуски в следующих
предложениях формами глагола is или are в
зависимости от числа подлежащего.
1. Several unusual species of birds … found in this area.
2. When a young deer … motionless, its coloring will hide it
well.
3. The committee … ready to make its recommendations
public.
4. Both apparatus … available for your use.
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5. The family … fighting among themselves constantly.
6. The fish in the aquarium … waiting for their daily feeding.
7. All sheep … dipped in the spring to kill the parasites.
8. The press … requested to show their credentials to the
guard.
Выражения, обозначающие количество
времени, веса, объема как одно целое.
Выражения, обозначающие количество времени,
веса, объема как одно целое, имея форму множественного
числа, согласуются с глаголом в единственном числе:
Two weeks is enough time for a nice vacation.
Five hundred roubles is required as an entrance fee.
Twenty gallons of gasoline costs a lot of money.
Названия книг, газет, фильмов, даже если имеют
форму множественного числа, согласуются с глаголом в
единственном числе:
The New York Times is a good newspaper.
Star Wars was a good movie.
Упр. 8. Найдите и исправьте ошибку в некоторых из
следующих предложений.
1. News of the peace talks has not yet reached the island.
2. Politics usually attract ambitious individuals.
3. There were extra copies of the New York Times in all the
offices.
4. Two weeks are ample time for a camping trip to the state
park.
5. Two thousand dollars is a lot for him to pay for tutorial.
6. Jaws, a movie about sharks, was seen by a record number
of people.
7. Both mathematics and physics are interesting.
8. Thermodynamics are beyond me.
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Неисчисляемые существительные.
Неисчисляемые существительные согласуются со
сказуемым в единственном числе. Это существительные:
meat, tea, butter, bread, juice, weather,
accommodation, advice, permission, behaviour, chaos,
damage, furniture, luggage, baggage, news, knowledge,
scenery, traffic, work, luck, research, progress, information, и
ряд других.
Упр. 9. Сделайте все необходимые изменения,
используя слова в скобках.
Пример: There aren’t many jobs for school leavers.
There isn’t much employment for school leavers.
1. He couldn’t give me much information. (details)
2. When I moved into my flat, I had very few chairs or tables
or anything. (furniture)
3. There aren’t many flats to rent in this town.
(accommodation)
4. I haven’t got many bags. They’re in the boot. (luggage)
5. I had a little time to spare, so I browsed round a bookshop.
(minutes)
6. Very little research has been done to find out the cause.
(experiments)
7. It’s very quiet in my area. There aren’t many cars or lorries.
(traffic)
Упражнение 10. Перефразируйте, употребляя
притяжательный падеж.
the book of this author the rooms of these people
the room of my friend the mistakes of our students
the son of her mother the children of my brothers
the mark of our student the voices of the pupils
the friend of Susan the songs of the women
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Упражнение 11. Поставьте следующие словосочетания
Q: Marina, what do you know
about yourself, about your
character?
Марина, что ты знаешь о себе,
о своем характере?
Nothing. It's a very, very
difficult question. I don't
know really.
Ничего. Это весьма трудный
вопрос. На самом деле, я не
знаю.
Q: Well, how would you
describe yourself?
Ну, как бы ты себя описала?
How would I describe myself,
yeah? Okay. Average height,
short hair, shoulder length,
blue eyes. What else? Slim.
Let's say athletic built. Yeah,
well, I guess that's it.
Как бы я описала себя, да?
Хорошо. Средний рост,
короткие волосы до плеч,
голубые глаза. Что еще?
Стройная. Скажем,
спортивного телосложения.
Кажется, вот так.
Q: What do you think about
your personality?
Что ты думаешь о своем
характере?
What about my personality?
The way I see it, or the way, I
think, others see me?
Какой у меня характер? Как
думаю я, или какой, на мой
взгляд, я кажусь
окружающим?
во множественное число.
the boy’s house the baby’s smile
the girl’s friend the bird’s wing
the dog’s bark the parent’s room
this tea-cup
Task 1. Role-play the dialogue
WHAT DO YOU KNOW ABOUT YOURSELF ?
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