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Файл:Идеографический словарь англо-американских безэквивалентных словосочетаний. Справочник
.pdf
first-time buyer – амер. брит. лицо, покупающее квартиру или дом в
первый раз: There are many factors a first time buyer will need to consider
before purchasing their first property.
five-o’clock shadow – амер. брит. разг. щетина, появляющаяся у муж-
чин к концу рабочего дня: He sported a heavy 5 o'clock shadow for his
role as Captain Ahab in Herman Melville's “Moby Dick”.
flower people – амер. «люди-цветы», группы молодежи 1960-х из обеспеченных семей, которые отвергали официальную мораль общества
потребления, и создавали контркультуру: Flower People also celebrated
symbolic action such as giving flowers to policemen and putting flowers
into the barrels of ROTC rifles.
forgotten man – амер. разг. «забытый человек», рядовой американец,
оказавшийся за бортом жизни в результате кризиса: I call him the For-
gotten Man. Perhaps the appellation is not strictly correct. He is the man
who never is thought of. He is the victim of the reformer, social speculator
and philanthropist, and I hope to show you before I get through that he deserves your notice both for his character and for the many burdens, which
are laid upon him.
four-letter man – брит. разг. гнусная личность; тот, кого можно назвать
ругательным словом: I know he is a real scoundrel, a four-letter man!
free lunch – брит. разг. подарок, за который получателю, в конце концов, придётся заплатить: These establishments included a "free" lunch,
varying from rudimentary to quite elaborate, with the purchase of at least
one drink. These free lunches were typically worth far more than the price
of a single drink.
fringe benefits – амер. дополнительные льготы, получаемые во время
работы на определённом посту (служебный автомобиль, бесплатное
питание): Any employee who receives taxable fringe benefits will have to
include the fair market value of the benefit in their taxable income for the
year, which will be subject to tax withholdings, and social security benefits
payments.
funny house – амер. разг. больница для наркоманов: He eventually had
to be removed to the funny house by the men in the white coats.
general delivery – брит. первая утренняя разноска почты: If I need to
send you anything, I'll address it to you at general delivery.
get-well card – брит. открытка с
пожеланием скорейшего выздоровле-
ния: And children at the center can't wait, as they've been sending Benjamin
homemade get-well cards and posters, and counselors have called and visited him in the hospital.
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ghost word – брит. несуществующее слово: But dord was truly a ghost
word: a spirit entry that was not part of the English language, and for which
Webster's offered no etymology or example of.
golden handshake – амер. брит. крупное денежное вознаграждение сотруднику фирмы при его вынужденном уходе в отставку или увольнении в связи с сокращение штатов: Sometimes these golden handshakes
are for millions of dollars, which makes them a very important issue for investors to consider.
golden hello – амер. брит. внушительная сумма денег, выплачиваемая
специалисту, которого переманывают из одной фирмы в другую: This
amount includes fees, taxable expense allowances, pension contributions,
benefits in kind and amounts paid to obtain the services of a director
("golden hello").
hard core – брит. разг. постоянно безработные люди, без надежды на
получение работы: The hard core people may be excluded from official
unemployment statistics in some economies, as those who are not actively
looking for work may not be counted.
helicopter factor – амер. разг. способность к трезвой оценке сложившейся ситуации, умение взглянуть на нее со стороны: The helicopter
factor can help you to take the right decision.
high life – брит. жизнь в роскоши: You're nothing like the man I used to
know, cause you
just live the high life, all you do is get high life, all you see
is the high life, and you never come down.
high profile – брит. разг. желание быть на виду, показать себя: Such
high profiles as Mariel Hemingway and Sigourney Weaver were flashed by
paparazzi.
high street – брит. главная улица города с множеством магазинов и
офисов: Retailers hope the interest rate cut may boost shoppers' confidence
and high street spending in the run-up to Christmas.
high-water mark – амер. брит. высшее достижение; высшая точка чеголибо: The late 1980s were the high water mark of Liverpool’s success.
home help – брит. приходящая домработница: Even a weekly visit by a
local authority home help – when it was finally arranged – was not enough.
home truth – брит. неприятная правда о себе: She became assertive-in-
spite-of-herself, and marching rapidly from one end of the kitchen to the
other, which she always did when entrusting him with a home truth.
hot button – амер. животрепещущий вопрос: Race has always been a hot
button in this country's history.
house husband – амер. женатый мужчина, основным занятием которого является ведение домашнего хозяйства: I have spent years of my life
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working 80 hours per week as a state coordinator of a ministry and I have
spent years of my life working 80 hours per week being a house husband,
gardener, animal keeper, grounds person, errand runner, cook and blog
writer.
Indian giver – амер. разг. человек, который просит вернуть подарок
или дать что-то взамен: John gave me a beautiful fountain pen, but a week
later, like an Indian giver, he wanted it back.
inner child – амер. ребенок, живущий в неблагополучном районе города: The concept of the inner child is a theory often used to find the key to
unhappiness.
inverted snobbery – брит. идея о том, что все, имеющее отношение к
высшему обществу, богатству – плохо (обратный снобизм): There is
much ignorance, carelessness, inverted snobbery and deliberate "dumbing
down", as if bad English is more socially acceptable than good English.
jet setter – амер. разг. завсегдатай модных курортов, человек, принадлежащий к узкому кругу богатых путешественников: This luxurious
hotel is very popular among jet setters.
job’s comforter – брит. разг. человек, который под видом утешения
только усугубляет чье-либо страдание: Only a
Job’s comforter would try
to argue that yesterday’s stock fall announcement could bring anything
good.
Johnny One-Note – амер. разг. неодобр. человек с узким кругозором:
Bruce is Johnny One-Note. He thinks the solution to the nation's debt crisis
is the government continually spending more and more.
latchkey child – брит. ребенок работающих родителей, имеющий ключ
от дома: This child is without supervision at home, because the parents of
latchkey child are at work.
laugh line – брит. морщинки от смеха в уголках глаз: We sat next to
Ralph Brasco, a rangy man
with plenty of laugh lines around his eyes.
lucky piece – брит. разг. внебрачный ребенок от состоятельного отца:
Lucky piece is the source of alimony for enterprising women.
Lucy Stoner – амер. замужняя женщина, не желающая носить фамилию мужа: Call me a Lucy Stoner. I didn’t take my husband’s surname
when we
married, which seems perfectly unremarkable – except that it’s
not: a century and a half after Stone became the first American woman to
keep her name in marriage.
mad money – амер. разг. небольшая сумма денег на непредвиденные
расходы: Do you really need four matching sweaters? Sell it off. And if you
like, use what you make as mad money to buy what you enjoy right now.
main street – амер. главная улица в маленьком городе; стиль жизни
маленького города: In small towns across the United States, Main Street is
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not only the major road running through town but the site of all street life, a
place where townspeople hang out and watch the annual parades go by.
merit system – амер. система назначения на должность на основе
конкурсных экзаменов: The goal of a merit system is to provide a per-
sonnel management system which reflects the practice of “efficiency, fairness and impartiality in the selection, retention and
promotion” of classi-
fied employees.
misery guts – брит. разг. все время несчастный человек, который жалуется на все: Keith is dedicated to trying to make the store better and cheer
up his parents so they won’t be Misery Guts for the rest of their lives.
morning after – амер. разг. период отрезвления после необдуманного
поступка: The morning after was a difficult period for realizing that he
wasn’t so honest as they thought about him.
night person – амер. «сова», человек, который поздно ложится и
позд-
но встает: Well, the war came, and Dick turned into a night person, got a
job as a private cop or a night editor or something.
old rose – брит. розовый цвет с сероватым или лиловатым оттенком:
Old-rose and black is a specially fashionable combination.
party pooper – амер. брит. разг. гость, который первым уходит с вечеринки: I hate to be a party pooper, but I've got
to catch the last train.
permissive waste – амер. брит. порча нанятого имущества: Permissive
waste may occur, for example, if a tenant permits a house to fall into disrepair by not making reasonable maintenance repairs.
pigeon pair – брит. двое детей в семье: мальчик и девочка: Pigeon Pair
Party Parcels was founded when two colleagues became two friends and
later two mothers both blessed with two beautiful children each – a boy and
a girl – perfect pigeon pairs!
poker face – амер. разг. бесстрастное, ничего не выражающее лицо:
How could you write all this nonsense with a poker face?
poll parrot – брит. разг. говорящий стандартными фразами, без конца
повторяющий заученные фразы: Stop repeating my words, don’t be a poll
parrot!
pudding face – брит. разг. толстая, невыразительная физиономия: The
stranger is a tiny, sleepy, rosy old man, with a vacant pudding face, and a
shining bald head.
pyramid climber – амер. разг. карьерист, человек, стремящийся подняться как можно выше по карьерной лестнице: Don’t be a pyramid
climber, try to be a professional.
quick study – брит. человек, обладающий прекрасной памятью: Until a
fortnight ago, he had never had Ravel's score in his hands, but he is what is
known in the theatre as a quick study.
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rain date – брит. новая дата перенесенного мероприятия: The rain date
for the picnic will be the following Sunday.
reception centre – брит. приемный пункт для размещения беженцев,
беспризорных; призывной пункт: The Balsekin reception centre, which,
amongst others, accommodates all new asylum claimants prior to dispersal
to other parts of Ireland, is located close to the airport.
red lamp – брит. красный фонарь, горящий ночью у квартиры доктора
или у дверей аптеки: The red lamp was switched off, that was strange for
our local drugstore.
remittance man – брит. эмигрант, живущий на деньги, присылаемые с
родины (неудачник из состоятельной семьи): And the Padre's affairs
were arranged as the affairs of the other remittance men had been, by the
chiefs, sitting in solemn conclave about this substitute for a council board.
renaissance man – [rəˈneɪs(ə)n(t)s] амер. брит. разг. человек с разносто-
ронними, часто поверхностными интересами: Plimpton is the Renais-
sance man, his abilities and interests run the full gamut. He is a tennis ace.
He is a linguist, a poet
, a wit, and a classical scholar.
rough diamond – [rʌf] брит. разг. человек с выдающимися внутренними качествами, но не имеющий внешнего лоска: Any person can be a
rough diamond, respectively. It's not necessarily a "Pretty Woman" storyline, where you take a person that has nothing and help them obtain everything.
sacred cow – амер. брит. ирон. человек, которого нельзя критиковать;
идея, считающаяся непреложной: The need for widespread secrecy has
become a sacred cow, a belief hedged by the deepest emotions and accepted
without question by many Americans.
saucer eyes – брит. разг. большие, широко открытые от удивления глаза: She still had the
huge saucer eyes I remembered, with false eyelashes
and then spikes drawn in under the lashes.
scratch paper – амер. бумага для черновых заметок, на одной стороне
уже исписанная: Making art out of scratch paper is similar to making a
collage, where various images or types of paper are juxtaposed and adhered to the same surface.
second thoughts – брит. мысли, пришедшие в голову позднее: After she
agreed to lend him the money, she had second thoughts.
seven-year itch – брит. разг. разочарование в браке после первых семи
лет супружества: He's got the seven-year itch and expects me to give him
advice.
show boating – амер. разг. стремление привлечь внимание к себе,
самореклама: No, this is just a spot of shameless self-publicising, show
boating if you will, for I am an author of a blog.
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slanging match – брит. разг. ссора, перебранка: The politicians started a
slanging match in the middle of the debate.
slate club – брит. клуб взаимопомощи с еженедельными взносами, которые накапливаются для приобретения каких-либо вещей: Lower-paid,
unskilled and casual male workers joined, when they could, the only substitute for a Friendly Society open to them – an annual ‘dividing-up’ club,
‘slate club’ or ‘tontine’ – the name varied regionally.
small change – амер. брит. разг. пустые, банальные замечания, бессодержательная болтовня: We must teach our students to manipulate the
small change of language, the common coinage of everyday talk.
small hours – брит. первые часы после полуночи: Parliament adjourned
in the small hours yesterday
after both Chambers had sat late to deal with
outstanding bills.
snob appeal – брит. разг. привлекательность для снобов (высокая цена,
заграничное происхождение): Expensive cars have snob appeal.
soft touch – брит. разг. доверчивый, отзывчивый человек, от которого
легко получить деньги или помощь: His friends all know that he's a soft
touch.
sparring partner
– брит. собеседник, с которым приятно спорить, дис-
кутировать: They have been political sparring partners for years.
spear side – брит. мужская линия родства: Such qualities he got from a
grandfather on the spear side.
spent rocket – брит. разг. человек, переставший быть популярным:
Don’t feel like a spent rocket, you’ll manage with it.
spindle side – брит. женская линия родства: When traditions of royalty
are deduced through the spindle side, marriages accomplish the most radical of revolutions.
sponge bag – брит. мешочек с туалетными принадлежностями: This
sponge bag is not only plastic on the outside, but also on the inside allowing
you to keep your damp or wet items away from the dry ones.
spring chicken – брит. разг. неодобр. наивный, неопытный человек: She
wasn't a Spring chicken, by any means, yet she wasn't old.
spring cleaning – брит. весенняя генеральная уборка: All this thought
about spring cleaning, nevertheless, also makes me think about how important it is for all of us to engage in a little spring cleaning of the mind and
heart and soul.
squaw man – амер. белый, женатый на индианке: "The daughter of a
squaw man then," he said, and there was in his voice the contempt of the
white man for the half-breed.
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starter pack – брит. разг. набор необходимых вещей или инструкций
для того, чтобы начать что-либо: This is the perfect starter pack for those
looking to do their first triathlon. We have chosen each item using our experience of what a beginner really needs to get started in triathlon.
state nickname – амер. прозвище штата: North Dakota's official state
nickname, "The Peace Garden State", means that the International Peace
Garden straddles the border between North Dakota in the US and Manitoba
in Canada.
straight shooter – амер. разг. человек, говорящий то, что думает: He's a
straight shooter who says what he thinks.
straw boss – амер. небольшой начальник, имеющий несколько подчинённых: Smith worked better than the other men, so the foreman made him
straw boss, too.
strawberry blonde – брит. рыжеватая блондинка: Cinderella is a
straw-
berry blonde, with the medium-length hair with soft bangs.
street smarts – амер. разг. способность решать проблемы, возникающие в большом городе: You need street smarts to be a police officer in
Toronto.
tag day – амер. день сбора пожертвований в какой-либо фонд: Tag Day
is held on the same day as the President's Donor Recognition Dinner, says
Brenna Mangano, "so that donors who typically don't come to visit campus
often get the chance to see the impact their donations have on Geneseo.
talking shop – брит. разг. бессмысленная конференция или собрание
(говорильня): Our meetings were dedicated to the sole purpose of talking
shop.
tall story – брит. разг. история, которая настолько ужасна (странна,
удивительна), что невозможно поверить в ее подлинность (небылица):
Personally I don't believe a word he told us because I think it was just a tall
story.
tea drunkard – брит. человек, злоупотребляющий чаем: You don't want
to become a tea drunkard, like Dr. Johnson, nor a coffee fiend, like Balzac.
temp agency – амер. агентство, поставляющее работников на время
отсутствия постоянных или в связи с возросшим объёмом работ: Ma-
naging temp agency payroll is one of the biggest tasks
of your staffing firm,
and it can be a complex and time-consuming process. Here are five tips to
make it easier.
thirty something – амер. разг. люди в возрасте от 30 до 39 лет, принадлежащие к среднему классу, хорошо образованные, преуспевающие в
своей профессии: This music appeals more to your thirty something
crowd.
time killer – брит. разг. человек, ищущий развлечений: It was a group of
antiquity hunters, view hunters, time killers.
77
trial balloon – амер. разг. проверка чьей-либо реакции (пробный шар):
John mentioned the class presidency to Bill as a trial balloon to see if Bill
might be interested in running.
trigger finger – брит. указательный палец правой руки: The label of
trigger finger is used because when the finger unlocks, it pops back suddenly, as if releasing a trigger on a gun.
triple threat – брит. универсальный специалист, человек, одинаково
хорошо владеющий тремя профессиями: An international triple threat
of
the arts: he can draw, he can write, and he is an excellent photographer.
tumble dryer – брит. сушка постиранного белья горячим воздухом:
There is probably very little need for a tumble dryer in Nigeria due to the
favorable year round sunny climate. Most people would rather hang their
wet laundry on a line to dry.
union list – амер. список компаний, подозреваемых в несправедливой политике по отношению к профсоюзам, составляется профсоюзами: The Union list is then checked and purged for any anomalies or
inconsistencies e.g. whether there are membership signatures after effective date of recognition claim by
Union, etc.
visiting fireman – амер. разг. важный, влиятельный человек, которому
необходимо оказать хороший приём: The U.S. Information Service still
had to round up 70 more cars from embassy and military sources for the
rest of the visiting firemen.
weather eye – амер. разг. способность предсказывать погоду: Grandfa-
ther's weather eye always tells
him when it will rain.
weather wisdom – брит. знание примет погоды: ‘Weather wisdom’ is
very far from being a mere superstition.
white heat – брит. состояние сильного физического или умственного
напряжения: There are politicians always at a white heat.
window dresser – брит. разг. мастер показать товар лицом: They value
him as one of
the greatest window dressers of their party and defenders of
its misdeeds.
wise crack – амер. брит. разг. удачное замечание, острота: Someone in
the theater was making wise cracks during the entire movie.
working party – брит. рабочая группа: The council will assemble a
working party which will start organizing the Christmas switch-on.
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ACCOMODATION
abbreviated dialing – амер. сокращенный телефонный номер с мень-
шим, чем в обычном номере, количеством цифр: Use abbreviated
dialing for local ten digit dialing or to store any number up to 20 digits.
allotment garden – брит. садовый участок, сдаваемый в аренду для нетоварного выращивания фруктов и овощей: Allotment gardens are a way
to decrease food costs, providing for healthy foods that are not genetically
altered, and the use of pesticides is monitored by the gardener.
American plan – амер. «Американский план», система обслуживания в
гостинице, при которой в стоимость проживания входит питание –
полный пансион, в отличие от Европейской системы: American tourists
in Europe sometimes expect that their meals will be included, because they
are used to the
apartment block – амер. многоквартирный дом, многоэтажное жилое
здание: They lived in the same apartment block and often dined together,
creating unfounded rumours that they were having an affair.
apartment hotel – брит. многоквартирный дом с гостиничным обслуживанием: But the Palace was also the most exclusive apartment hotel in
the city.
area code – амер. трехзначный междугородный телефонный код:
The full name and address to which the account must be paid and also its
telephone number complete with area code.
area rug – амер. небольшой ковер, покрывающий лишь часть пола:
If you or your family member has asthma or allergies, replace the carpet
with other types of flooring (tiles, wood) and an area rug, which should be
washed regularly.
back country – амер. местность, удалённая от дорог и
пунктов; отсталый сельскохозяйственный район на окраине штата:
He was a rabbi from the back country town of Nazareth.
basket chair – амер. брит. плетеное кресло-корзина со спинкой, переходящей в подлокотники: With a sharp clatter, Nick replaced another
photograph, this one of a beautiful woman lounging in a basket chair with a
spaniel on her lap.
American plan.
населённых
79
block club – амер. брит. организация, в которую объединяются жители
одного квартала с целью его охраны: If you’re interested in organizing a
cleanup for your neighborhood, contact us or your neighborhood block
club.
blue pages – амер. брит. раздел телефонного справочника, который содержит список телефонов федеральных и местных правительственных
служб и организаций: The accounts of the Institute, which exclude the UK
activities, are reported in the current section of Transport World – see blue
pages.
bone yard – брит. место, где хранят старые вещи; свалка автомобилей:
When she was five she remembers visiting a rag and bone yard to pick up
scraps of quality fabrics to make clothes for her toys.
bottle bank – брит. мусорный ящик для стеклянной тары для повторного использования: I read about bottle bank, its great and help us to clean
the environment by recycling things, also I intend to participate in a project
called just paper in my school.
California blanket – амер. разг. газетные листы, укрывшись которыми
бездомный проводит ночь на улице, поскольку в Калифорнии достаточно тепло: California blanket is the last thing for you.
catchment area – амер. брит. район, обслуживаемый одной школой,
больницей: The modern primary Church of England school which caters
for about 60 children serves a wide catchment area – in fact at the moment
Lockington village provides the smallest number, the rest travelling from
Lund, Aike, Wilfholme and surrounding farms.
clothes tree – амер. брит. стоячая вешалка для одежды: Hang your coats,
scarves or caps neatly on the gift mark clothes tree with stool.
cocktail belt – брит. зелёные пригороды, где живут зажиточные люди:
Find the largest selection of cocktail belt on sale. Shop by price, color,
locally and more. Get the best sales, coupons, and deals at The Find.
commuter belt – брит. пригороды, жители которых регулярно ездят на
работу в город: The major routes throughout the London commuter belt
were clear.
company town – амер. брит. город, выросший вокруг завода или другого предприятия, с населением, работающим в нем: Typically, a company
town will be isolated from neighbors and centered around a large production factory such as a lumber or steel mill or an automobile plant.
condemned building – брит. здание, подлежащее
сносу, непригодное
для жилья: Czech town orders slumlord to remove tons of garbage from
condemned building – that building is not fit for habitation.
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