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Грамматика английского языка для школьников. Кн.VI. Сборник упражнений

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91City. Town. Getting the Way

Mr. Davis: Here you are, conductor. One. Conductor: Your ticket, please. Mr. Davis: Excuse me, conductor. Does this trolleybus

take me to the market?

Conductor: No, it doesn’t. You’ll have to change to the

tram in two stops. Route No. 1 takes you right there. It will be a ten minutes’ ride all in all.

Mr. Davis: Thank you. Oh, I’m sorry I’ve trodden on

your toe. I can hardly keep my balance. What a rush! What a nuisance these trolleybuses are!

Conductor: Yes, you are quite right. Hold on to the rail.

We are drawing up to the stop. Sir, don’t miss your stop.

Mr. Davis: Thank you. I’m all cramped. I can’t move to

the exit.

Conductor: Don’t worry! Just a moment. I say, young man,

could you possibly move aside a little?

Mr. Davis: Oh! Thank you. How I hate such travelling!

28. Change the following dialogue into Indirect Speech.

Adam: Oh! How lucky we are today! We haven’t missed

our tram.

Davy: Yes. All the seats are full here. Let’s move up

to the front. Adam: Yes. Two front seats aren’t engaged. Davy: As for me I hate to travel during rush hours. Adam: I agree. The buses are overcrowded. And the

traffic is blocked. Davy: Somebody trod on my toe when we took a bus. Adam: Conductor is elbowing her way here. Davy: It’s awfull. I have no change. Adam: Don’t bother, Davy. I’ll pay your fare. Davy: By the way, does this tram take me to the under

ground station?

English Grammar for Pupils92

Adam: No, it doesn’t. You’ll have to change to the trol

leybus next stop. No. 10 will take you right there. Davy: And what about you? Where are you getting off? Adam: At the cinema, in two stops. Don’t miss your

stop! You should move up to the exit. Davy: OK. Thank you. See you soon. Adam: Bye.

29. Change the following dialogue into Indirect Speech.

Mr. Stein: Excuse me, sir, I’m trying to find my way to

Palace Square. Can you show me the way? This

is my first time in St. Petersburg. The only

thing I know is that someone told me to go

straight ahead. Boris: Yes, you are quite right. But it will take you

a very long time to walk there. You can take the

metro. We are near the underground station. You

can also take the bus or trolleybus. Mr. Stein: Oh, the weather is so fine today. I’d better walk

there. I don’t feel like riding in a bus or trolley

bus. How long will it take me to walk there? Boris: I think it’ll take you about half an hour to get

there. Walk along Nevsky Prospect. Don’t turn

anywhere. You’ll see it on your right. Mr. Stein: Should I cross Nevsky Prospect? Boris: No, you shouldn’t. Mr. Stein: Oh, thank you very much. It was very kind of you. Boris: That’s nothing. Have a good time!

30. Change the following dialogue into Indirect Speech.

At the Bus$stop

Doris: Oh, what a lucky chance! We don’t often see each

other. How fares it?

93City. Town. Getting the Way

Jane: Pretty well, thank you. And how goes the world

with you? Doris: Fine, thanks. Where are you going? Jane: To the Department Store. I want to do some shop

ping. Doris: What bus are you waiting for? Jane: I can take the 14 or the 25. I’ve been waiting quite

some time already. Doris: The bus should be here in a short while. The bus

service is rather good here. Look! The 25 is coming. Jane: Indeed it is. But it is overcrowded. Shall we wait

for the next one? Doris: Let’s walk up to the metro. Jane: Yes, I always walk to the underground. But it has

been raining cats and dogs since morning! Doris: Well, let’s walk back as far as the corner. It is

easier to get on the bus there. Jane: OK. You are quite right.

31. Answer the questions. Then write a composition

“Getting about the Town”.

1. What means of city transport do you prefer?

2. Do you have a wide choice of tram, bus and trolley bus routes where you live?

3. Do people queue up at bus, tram and trolleybus stops so that those who come first get in first?

4. During the morning rush hour with so many people hurrying to work, trams, buses and trolleybuses are usually overcrowded, aren’t they? Are they packed full during the evening rush hour, too? Why?

5. What are the rush hours in your city?

6. You hate travelling during rush hours, don’t you?

7. How often is the traffic blocked in your city? What time? Where?

English Grammar for Pupils94

8. Do you take a bus or a tram if it is overcrowded?

9. What is the fare on the transport in your city?

10. Does the fare depend on the distance the passenger travels?

11. What does the conductor usually say to remind the passengers to pay for their trips?

12. Does the conductor often say to the passengers to be quick in getting on and off the city transport?

13. If the tram or a bus you are on does not take you right to your destination, what do you do?

14. What would you say when you ask the conductor or the passengers for the direction?

15. If all the seats in a bus are occupied and you yourself are seated, what would you do seeing an old man or woman standing at you side?

16. What do you usually say if you want to pass over the fare?

17. What do you usually ask the passengers if you want to get off?

18. You sometimes go to the centre of the city, don’t you? How do you get there?

19. What is your favourite way of getting about your city?

20. Do you take buses, trams, trolleybuses or under ground?

21. Do you have to change on your way?

22. How long does it take you to get to the centre of the city?

23. Have you ever lost the way in your city?

24. Whom do you usually ask the way?

25. What do you usually do if you’ve taken the wrong bus?

26. Do you usually wait for transport for a long time at the stop or prefer to walk?

27. What do you usually say if somebody blocks the pas sage of the bus or tram?

28. You don’t kick up a row if somebody has trodden on your toe, do you?

95City. Town. Getting the Way

29. If you don’t find a vacant seat, you usually hold on to the rail to keep from falling, don’t you?

30. Have you ever taken a taxi?

31. Is it comfortable and convenient to engage a taxi? It is very expensive, isn’t it?

32. What means of city transport will you need going a long distance?

33. Do you know what time the tram or bus service be gins in your city?

34. When do trains start running in your metro?

35. What do you think about the transport service in your city? Is it good or bad? Why?

30. Translate from Russian into English.

1. — Скажите, пожалуйста, как мне доехать до вокзала? — Вам нужно сесть на автобус номер 25.

2. Пожалуйста, не загораживайте проход, пройдите вперед.

3. Я ненавижу ездить в часы «пик».

4. — Это место занято? — Нет, оно не занято.

5. Мы подъезжаем, не пропустите свою остановку.

6. Остановитесь у театра, пожалуйста.

7. Можно я сяду на переднее сиденье?

8. Прикройте дверь поплотнее, пожалуйста.

31. Translate from Russian into English.

1. Мы не проехали свою остановку? Давайте проби раться к выходу.

2. — Скажите, пожалуйста, где я должен выйти, что бы пересесть на трамвай? — На следующей остановке.

3. Мне надо переходить улицу, чтобы дойти до стан ции метро?

English Grammar for Pupils96

4. — Какая следующая остановка? — Кинотеатр. — Можно мне пройти? Я выхожу.

5. Давай вызовем такси. Мы опаздываем.

6. Оплачивайте проезд, пожалуйста.

7. О! Какая жалость! Мы опоздали на трамвай.

8. О! Извините! Я наступила вам на ногу.

MOODS IN ENGLISH. THE FORMS

OF THE SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD

Таблица 1

The Imperative The Imperative Examples: [m ´perətv] Mood Mood expresses Open the window, Повелительное a request or please. наклонение an order Stop talking, please.

The Indicative The Indicative Examples: [n ´dkətv] Mood Mood expresses The flowers look Изъявительное a real action in fresh. наклонение the present, past Ann didn’t watch TV

or future yesterday evening.

Tom will shave tomorrow morning.

Subordinate clauses of time and condition. A real action refers to the future. ifclause main clause Present Indefinite Future Indefinite

Examples: If I come home early I’ll make dinner. If it rains we shan’t go to the country.

The Forms of the Subjunctive Mood

Таблица 2

The Subjunctive I. An unreal action refers to the pre$ [səb ´ŋktv] sent or future Mood Сослагательное ifclause main clause наклонение Past Indefinite should Unreal condition (V2/Ved) would + V1

Past Continuous could (Infinitive) (was (were)+Ving) might

English Grammar for Pupils98

Продолжение табл. 2

The Subjunctive Examples: Mood If you took more exercise, you would feel Сослагательное better. наклонение Если бы вы двигались больше, Unreal condition вы бы чувствовали себя лучше.

If I were you, I should go to England.

На вашем месте я бы поехал в Англию.

II. An unreal action refers to the past

ifclause main clause Past Perfect should had+V3/Ved would

+have+V3/Ved

could might

Example: If I had had enough money, I should have gone to Spain for holiday last year.

Если бы у меня было достаточно денег, в прошлом году я бы поехал в Испанию на каникулы.

III. The condition refers to the past and the consequence refers to the present

ifclause main clause Past Perfect should had+V3/Ved would

could (Infinitive)

might

Example: If you had done your homework yesterday, you would be free now.

Если бы ты вчера сделал домашнюю работу, ты бы был сейчас свободен.

Продолжение табл. 2

The Subjunctive IV. The condition refers to the present Mood and the consequence refers to the past Сослагательное наклонение ifclause main clause Unreal condition Past Indefinite should

V2/Ved would+V1 Past Continuous could (Infinitive) (was (were)+Ving might

Example: If she weren’t (wasn’t) so clever, she couldn’t have passed exams last week.

Если бы она не была такой умной, она бы не смогла сдать экзамены на прошлой неделе.

V. An unreal action refers to the present

I wish – Past Indefinite V2/Ved

Examples: I wish it were winter now.

Как бы мне хотелось, чтобы сейчас была зима. = Жаль, что сейчас не зима.

I wish you visited me more often.

Как бы мне хотелось, чтобы ты навещал меня чаще. = Как жаль, что ты не навещаешь меня чаще.

99Moods in English. The Forms of the Subjunctive Mood

VI. An unreal action refers to the past

I wish – Past Perfect had + V3/Ved

Example: I wish you had phoned me yesterday.

Как бы мне хотелось, чтобы ты позвонил мне вчера. = Как жаль, что ты не позвонил мне вчера.

English Grammar for Pupils100

Окончание табл. 2

The Subjunctive VII. An unreal action refers to the future Mood Сослагательное I wish — could + Present Indefinite наклонение Example: Unreal condition I wish we could go to the theatre next

Sunday.

Как бы мне хотелось, чтобы мы пошли в театр в следующее воскресенье. = Как жаль, что мы не сможем пойти в театр в следующее воскресенье.

Complaints, requests, annoyance

I wish — would + Present Indefinite

Example: I wish you would ring me up.

Позвоните мне, пожалуйста.

to express [ to refer [ request [ order [ action [ clause [ condition [ consequence [ complaint [ annoyance [

ks ´presks ´pres

ks ´pres] выражать

ks ´presks ´pres r ´fr ´f

r ´f:] иметь отношение, относиться

r ´fr ´f r ´kwestr ´kwest

r ´kwest] просьба

r ´kwestr ´kwest ´də ´də

´də] приказ

´də ´də ´kʃən ´kʃən

´kʃən] действие

´kʃən ´kʃən klzklz

klz] предложение (грам.)

klzklz kən ´dʃnkən ´dʃn

kən ´dʃn] условие

kən ´dʃnkən ´dʃn ´kɒnskwəns ´kɒnskwəns

´kɒnskwəns] вывод, следствие

´kɒnskwəns ´kɒnskwəns kəm ´plentkəm ´plent

kəm ´plent] жалоба

kəm ´plentkəm ´plent ə ´nɒənsə ´nɒəns

ə ´nɒəns] раздражение

ə ´nɒənsə ´nɒəns

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