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Файл:Learning to Speak English. Учебное пособие по разговорному английскому языку
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UNIT 7
MY HOME
TOWN
SECTION 1
VOCABULARY AND WORD STUDY
1. Read and memorize the active vocabulary to the Text
“Belgorod” and translate the given sentences.
1. locate [ləu′keit] v – располагать(ся)
Our office is located in the city centre.
2. border [′bɔ:də] n v – граница; граничить
The train crosses the border between France and Spain. Swazi-
land borders South Africa and Mozambique.
3. limestone [′laimstəun] n – известняк
Limestone is very common in architecture.
4. correspond [,kɔrə′spɔnd] v – соответствовать; быть ана-
логичным
The British job of Lecturer corresponds roughly to the US As-
sociate Professor.
5. date back v – относить(ся) (к определенному времени),
вести начало (от чего-л.), восходить (к определенной эпохе)
The college dates back to medieval times.
6. numerous [′nju:mərəs] adj – многочисленный
Numerous studies have shown this to be true.
7. venerate [′venəreit] v – чтить; благоговеть
The monk was subsequently venerated as a saint.
8. glorify [′glɔ:rifai] v – прославлять; возвеличивать
A statue was erected to glorify the country’s national heroes.
9. liberate [′libəreit] v – освобождать
They said they sent troops in to liberate the people/the country
from a dictator.
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10. block of flats – многоквартирный дом
residential [,rezi′den∫l] block of flats – жилой многоквар-
тирный дом
We live on the seventh floor in a new block of flats. The recent
introduction of no-smoking bans in public places also extends to the
common parts of residential blocks of flats.
11. cathedral [kə′θi:drəl] n – кафедральный собор, собор
This cathedral is the most imposing building in the town.
12. church [t∫ə:t∫] n – церковь
The procession moved into the church.
13. be popular [′pɔpjulə] with smb – пользоваться популяр-
ностью у кого-л.
Her theories are popular with social scientists.
14. drama [′dra:mə] theatre [′θiətə] – драматический театр
puppet [′pΛpit ] (-show) theatre – кукольный театр
theatregoer n – театрал
Belgorod Academic Drama Theatre named after Shchepkin
was founded in August 1936. My children like going to the puppet
theatre. The number of theatregoers has declined.
15. honour [′ɔnə] v – почитать, чтить; удостаивать чести
We are deeply honoured that you should agree to join us. To-
day the Queen honoured us with her presence.
16. trade [′treid] n – торговля
trademark n – товарный знак, фабричная марка
70 percent of the country’s trade is with Europe. “Big Mac” is
McDonald’s best-known trademark.
17. bind [′baind] (bound) v – связывать; вязать
be bound up with smth – быть связанным с чем-л.
They bound the packages with coloured ribbons. I am bound
by my promise. Our whole history is bound up with these places.
18. abundance [ə′bΛndəns] n – изобилие, множество
abundant [ə′bΛndənt] adj – обильный, изобилующий
Fruit and vegetables grew in abundance on the island. We
have abundant evidence to prove his guilt.
19. machine tool [mə′∫i:ntu:l] – станок
The car industry uses machine tools for cutting car body parts.
20. boiler [′bɔilə] n – (паровой) котел
The pressure vessel of a boiler is usually made of steel.
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2. Match the pairs of synonyms from A and B and translate
A
B
1. chapel
2. conform
3. playhouse
4. situate
5. residential building
6. be next to
7. commerce
8. sufficient
9. glorify
10. abundant
a. locate
b. abundant
c. block of flats
d. correspond
e. numerous
f. trade
g. venerate
h. church
i. theatre
j. border
1. to live
2. to produce
3. to be rich
4. to date back
5. to venerate
6. to be popular
7. to name
8. to liberate
9. to go
10. to be bound up
a. in limestone
b. with theatergoers
c. a city
d. in a block of flats
e. after a famous person
f. to the 16th century
g. to the puppet theater
h. machine tools
i. with the history of the city
j. a saint
them.
3. Match the verb on the left with a suitable item on the
right. Use each item once only.
4. Make the following sentences complete by translating the
words and phrases in brackets.
1. These companies have shared commercial interests that
(связывать) them together. 2. The play was given in the (драмати-
ческий театр) in Belgorod. 3. There was an (изобилие) of food at
the party. 4. This is the oldest (церковь) in town. 5. A twelve-storey
(жилой многоквартирный дом) is under construction in Belgorod.
6. “Kleenex” is a registered (товарный знак). 7. The source of heat
for a (паровой котел) is combustion of any of several fuels, such as
wood, coal, oil, or natural gas. 8. St Pau’s (собор) occupies a significant place in the national identity of the English population. 9. They
(чтить) their parents. 10. He’s a keen (театрал).
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5. Insert the correct word from the Active Vocabulary.
1. They ________ this saint. 2. Cheap consumer goods are
________ in this part of the world. 3. They are going to ________
their headquarters in London. 4. Rebels fought to ________ the
country. 5. ________ has numerous uses: as a building material, as
aggregate for the base of roads, as white pigment or filler in products
such as toothpaste or paints. 6. ________ between the two countries
has increased. 7. These traditions ________ to medieval times.
8. That song was ________ with people from my father’s generation.
9. The national park is on the ________ between Kenya and Tanzania 10. We have discussed these plans on ________ occasions.
6. Define parts of speech. Translate the words of the same
root.
1. locate – dislocate – location – dislocation;
2. correspond – correspondence – correspondent – corresponding (ly);
3. numerous – numerously – numerousness;
4. venerate – veneration – venerable;
5. glory – glorify – glorification – glorious – gloriously;
6. liberate – liberation – liberated – liberty;
7. honour – honourable – dishonour – dishonourable
8. abundance – abundant – abundantly.
SECTION 2
READING AND DISCUSSION
7. Read and translate Text 7A “Belgorod”.
TEXT 7A
BELGOROD
Belgorod is a city located on the Seversky Donets River just 40
kilometers north of the Ukrainian border. The name Belgorod in
Russian literally means a white city, being a compound of белый
(white) and город (town, city). The city was thus named after the
region being rich in limestone. Etymologically, it corresponds to other Slavic city names of identical meaning, like Belgrade, etc.
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Belgorod is an old and beautiful city. Its history is bound up
View of the city
was founded by the order of Feodor
Ioannovich in 1596 as one of the numerous forts set up to defend the
Southern borders from the Crimean
Tatars. Peter the Great visited Belgorod on the eve of the Battle of Poltava, and a dragoon regiment was stationed in the town until 1917. Ioasaph
of Belgorod, an 18th century bi-
with the history of Russia. The first mention of Belgorod can be
found in the Russian chronicles dated back to the 16th century. It
shop, became widely venerated and was glorified as a saint of the
Russian Orthodox Church in 1911.
During the Great Patriotic War Belgorod was occupied by Nazi Germany on October 25, 1941. On July 12, 1943, during the Battle
of Kursk, the largest tank battle in world history took place near
Prokhorovka, and the city was consequently liberated on August 5,
1943. After the war, Belgorod has risen from under the heaps of ruins and now it is very beautiful.
Belgorod is an administrative, industrial and cultural center of
Belgorod region (oblast) established in 1954. At present, its population is about 400,000 people.
Belgorod is a very green city. Everybody likes its abundance
of trees and flowers in avenues, public gardens and parks, just in
streets near residential blocks of flats. There are a lot of places of
interest, such as the Belgorod Diorama commemorating the events of
the Battle of Kursk, the Museum of Fine Arts, the Museum of Local
Lore, a lot of monuments, beautiful churches and cathedrals.
Today Belgorod is a large industrial city of Russia. There are a
lot of plants and factories in it. The trademarks of Belgorod can be
seen on machine tools, boilers, power equipment, radio receivers,
cement, various metal structures, chemical products, canned food
products and others.
Belgorod is also a city of science. It has a lot of research institutes and six higher educational institutions: Shukhov Belgorod State
Technological University, Belgorod State National Research University, V. Gorin Belgorod State Agricultural Academy, Belgorod Uni-
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versity of Cooperation, Economics and Law, Belgorod State Institute
of Culture and Arts, and Belgorod State Institute of Law.
The city has rich cultural traditions. There are a lot of cinemas,
libraries, palaces of Culture and Sports in it. Belgorod Drama Theater is in the centre of Sobornaya Square. It is named after one of the
famous 19th-century actors Mikhail Shchepkin who was born in this
region. It is very popular with theatregoers. Children like going to
the Puppet-Show Theatre. Many writers, poets, artists, scientists, engineers and doctors live and work in Belgorod.
The city of Belgorod honours its past and is full of creative effort and vitality. We are very proud of it.
8. What would you say if you took part in the following dia-
logue? Act it.
A.: Where is Belgorod situated?
В.:… .
A.: What was the city named after?
В.:… .
A.: Where and when can the first mention of Belgorod be
found?
В.:… .
A.: Did Peter the Great visit Belgorod?
В.:… .
A.: What is the population of Belgorod?
В.:…
A.: What places of interest do you know?
В.:… .
A.: What do Belgorod plants and factories produce?
В.: … .
A.: Why do we say that Belgorod is a city of science ?
В.:… .
A.: What is M. Shchepkin famous for?
В.:… .
9. Put questions to which these are the answers. The im-
portant words in the answer are italicized. Act the dialogue.
A.: … ?
В.: The name of Belgorod literally means a white city.
A.: … ?
В.: Its history is bound up with the history of Russia.
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A.: … ?
В.: Belgorod was founded in 1596.
A.: … ?
В.: During the Great Patriotic War the largest tank battle in
world history took place near Prokhorovka.
A.: … ?
В.: Belgorod is an administrative, industrial and cultural center
of Belgorod region (oblast) established in 1954.
A.: … ?
В.: Everybody likes the abundance of gardens and parks here.
A.: … ?
В.: Belgorod is a large industrial city.
A.: … ?
B.: There are a lot of cinemas and libraries in Belgorod.
A.: … ?
В.: Schepkin Drama Theatre is very popular with theatregoers.
10. Comment on the picture given in the text.
11. Mark the main ideas of the text and retell it in English.
12. Read Text 7B “Belgorod Region”. Give a brief overview
of its structure and contents in English.
TEXT 7B
BELGOROD REGION
Belgorod region (oblast) is a federal subject of Russia. Its administrative center is the city of Belgorod. The region’s population is
1,532,526 people.
Belgorod region is part of the Central Black Earth economic
region and the Central Federal district. It borders Ukraine in the
south and west, Kursk region – in the north and northwest, and Voronezh region – in the east. The total length of its borders is about
1,150 kilometers, of which 540 kilometers are within the borders
with Ukraine.
The area of the region is 27,100 square kilometers. The climate
of Belgorod region is temperate continental with relatively mild winters with some snowfall and long summers.
Over 40% of the known iron ore deposits of Russia are concentrated in the region. They are located in the Kursk Magnetic
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Anomaly area. There are also large deposits of bauxites, apatites,
chalk, sand, clay and others in the region.
Rivers, lakes, and marshes occupy about 1% of the region’s
territory. There are more than 480 small rivers and streams. The
largest of them are the Seversky Donets, Vorskla, Psyol, and the Oskol.
In terms of its area, the region is in the 67th place among the
federal subjects of Russia; while in terms of its population it is the
28th. Belgorod region is administratively divided into twenty-one
urban districts (raions), which are further subdivided into 335 rural
districts (okrugs).
Belgorod region is a highly developed industrial and agrarian
region, whose economy relies on its enormous wealth of mineral resources and unique black soils. Belgorod region has traditionally
strong ties with the agro-industrial complex of Ukraine. Despite its
relatively small size, the region accounts for one fifth of the trade
turnover between Russia and Ukraine.
Important railways and highways of regional significance cross
the region’s territory, connecting Moscow with the southern and
western regions of Russia and Ukraine. The Crimea Highway, or
federal highway M-2 Crimea, and the Moscow-Kharkiv-Sevastopol
railway line are of major importance.
13. Answer the following questions.
1. What is the population of Belgorod region?
2. What is the administrative status of Belgorod region?
3. What is the total length of its borders?
4. What is the climate of Belgorod region like?
5. What mineral resources is the region rich in?
6. What rivers are there in the region?
7. What places does Belgorod region occupy in terms of its ar-
ea and population?
8. How many urban and rural districts are there in the region?
9. Why is Belgorod region considered to be a highly developed
industrial and agrarian region in Russia?
10. What economic links does Belgorod region have with
Ukraine?
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14. Explain the meaning of the following words and expres-
sions and reproduce the context in which they are used.
An administrative centre, population, the Central Black Earth
economic region, border (n, v), length, an iron ore deposit, occupy, in
terms of, urban and rural districts, mineral resources, black soils, account for, turnover, railways and highways, to be of importance.
15. Say whether you agree or disagree with there statements. Give your reasoning. Use the introductory phrases from
the previous Units.
1. Belgorod region borders Kursk region in the south, Voronezh region – in the north, and Ukraine – in the south and west.
2. About 1,150 kilometers the region’s borders are within those
with Ukraine.
3. The area of Belgorod region is 27,100 kilometres.
4. Over 40% of the known coal deposits of Russia are located
in the region.
5. There are rich deposits of iron ore in the Kursk Magnetic
Anomaly area.
6. The population of Belgorod region is the highest in the Central Black Earth economic region.
7. The system of railways and highways connects Belgorod region many cities and towns of Russia and Ukraine.
16. Put the following headings in a logical order according
to the text.
1. Surface water resources.
2. The transport system.
3. The administrative status.
4. The administrative structure.
5. Climate.
6. The geographical location.
7. Mineral resources.
8. Economic links with Ukraine.
9. The area and population.
17. Retell the text according to the above plan.
18. Read Text 7C “Memorial in Honour of the Heroes of
the Battle of Kursk”. Give a brief overview of its structure and
contents in English.
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TEXT 7C
MEMORIAL IN HONOUR OF THE HEROES
OF THE BATTLE OF KURSK
More than sixty years have passed since the day when the Soviet Army hoisted the Banner of Victory over the thrown Reichstag.
The Second World War unleashed by the fascist Germany lasted
from 1939 to 1945 and carried away dozens of millions of human
lives.
Many heroic pages have been added by the Soviet people and
the Red Army into the chronicle of World War II and one of the most
glorious is the defeat of German troops in the battle of Kursk.
In honour of the heroes of the great battle in 1973 the Memorial was built on the 624th kilometer of the Moscow-Simferopol highway. The authors of the project are the painters from Belgorod
A.I.Grebenyuk, V.I.Kazak, V.D.Leus and the architect A.T.Bozhko.
In the foreground there is a Monument to the Soviet Tankmen.
In the Hall of Battle Glory there is a display of sacred relics testifying to the feats of combined arms and services, tank and aviation
units which took part in combat operations against German-fascist
troops in the Belgorod direction. Here are some samples of arms,
private things, documents, photos of soldiers and commanding officers. In the mass grave which is near the entrance to the Hall of Battle
Glory there are remains of the perished soldiers-gunners.
Some trenches, means of communication and a dug-out preserved since war times have been restored and they are placed at the
altitude of 254,5 metres in the southern part of the Memorial. In the
centre of the Memorial, the Eternal Flame was installed in the
memory of the valorous soldiers of Fatherland.
19. Ask your classmates about Text 7C and let them an-
swer these questions.
1. What heroic pages have been added into the chronicle of
World War II?
2. Why was the defeat of the German troops in the battle of
Kursk so important?
3. When and where was the Memorial to the heroes of the bat-
tle of Kursk built?
4. Who are the authors of the Memorial?
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