Фразовые глаголы в разговорном английском = Phrasal Verbs in Spoken English. Пособие

4. Время истекло. Пора сдавать работы. 5. Он не отстает от других учеников в классе. 6. Вначале я отстал от них, но потом я их догнал. 7. Лекцию отложили из-за болезни лектора. 8. После того как Том сделал домашнее задание, его мать проверила его сочинение. 9. Боюсь, что я не сдам экзамен по физике.

Picking Up

... As for my Arabic ... well, things are not going too badly. I feel I’m slowly picking it up. I go to classes every morning for an hour and a half. They are OK, but the teacher is very strict. He gets irritated if you make a mistake, so I just shut up and don’t say anything, but I do take lots of notes. We do some speaking and a little writing every day and I’m gradually beginning to work out the difference between all the letters of the alphabet, though it’s not easy. Some people in the class have studied Arabic before and they generally catch on much quicker than me when new things are introduced, but I try and do lots of homework and so I’m keeping up with the others OK.

The best thing though is just walking around town – people often ask you to come in their shop and have a cup of tea. Obviously I can’t say much yet but it’s a good chance for them to practise their English and for me to practise my Arabic. Somehow, between us, we can generally get across what we want to say.

It’s funny but some words and expressions you hear again and again; like ‘shokran’ (which means ‘thank you’). I try and make an effort to find out what new words mean, either by asking someone or by looking them up in my English/Arabic dictionary, and then learning them by heart.

All in all, I feel I’m able to get by in Arabic for the day-to-day things like shopping, catching buses and taxis, saying ‘Hello’ to people and so on.

My job, on the other hand, has not been going so well...

1. Find a phrasal verb in the text that means:

communicate, survive, discover, keep quiet, learn, understand, maintain the same level, look for information in a reference book, mentally calculate

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2.Put the words in the correct order to make sentences. More than one answer is possible in some cases.

e.g. was she she out angry when found very When she found out she was very angry.

1.him up father to his told shut

2.up it you what it if know don’t means look

3.difficult it across to was get idea the

4.Spanish on enough I’ve get got holiday to by

5.what he I out means work can’t

6.catch I not saying they on could what to was

7.workers I up by job picked the watching the other

8.that him he keep so with fast can’t walks I up

3.Can you think of an appropriate way to end/begin what these people are saying?

e.g. I have never been able to find out ... why the English drive on the left-hand side of the road.

1. I sometimes find it difficult to keep up ... . 2. I catch on quickly when ... . 3. I can’t work out why ... . 4. ... and so I shut up! 5. ...

and so I looked it up in a dictionary. 6. ... but I managed to get by. 7. ... but I couldn’t get across what I meant. 8. ... and I picked it up very quickly.

How multi-word verbs work

out

The particle out can be used with some verbs to give the idea of solving something.

We have sorted out our problems and everything is fine now.

4.Look at the sentences and say what you think the verbs in italics mean.

1. I’m only interested in finding out what the facts are. 2. It is sometimes difficult to make out what is said over an airport loudspeaker.

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3. Oxford is trying out another idea to help working parents. 4. It may look true in the short run and turn out to be false in the longer run. 5. Don’t tell me the answer. I want to work it out for myself. 6. If the heating breaks down, an engineer will quickly sort things out.

5.Discuss with another student your experience of beginning to learn a new language either English or possibly another language. Use the phrasal verbs from this unit as appropriate.

Ask and answer:

-what language it was

-why you were trying to learn it

-how you were trying to learn it (in a class, from books etc)

-what helped you the most to learn it

-if you had any particular difficulties

-if you liked learning it and why/why not

-what you think your level is in this language now and what you can do in it, for example, get by in everyday situations

6.Write a short text for foreigners coming to your country about the best way for them to pick up the language and how to get by in simple everyday situations.

Topic: News

What’s in the News?

Here is the seven o’clock news. First, the news headlines.

-Thieves break in at the Royal Gallery

-Ship goes down at sea near the Sussex coast

-Three men break out of Brixton prison

-Plane comes down in jungle

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-Chemical factory blows up

-Severe weather cuts off towns in the north

-Damaged plane touches down safely

Now here is the news in detail.

Thieves break in at the Royal Gallery

Last night thieves broke into the Royal Gallery and got away with paintings worth over a quarter of a million pounds. The break-in happened around 11.00 o’clock in the evening, but was not discovered until the early hours of the morning. At present it is not known how the thieves got into the building, though a security guard is helping the police with their enquiries.

Ship goes down at sea near the Sussex coast

A ship has gone down at sea off the south coast of England following an explosion in its engine room. The ship was carrying a cargo of wood and was heading for Liverpool. The fire spread rapidly and was soon out of control. However, all the crew were picked up safely by the rescue services.

Three men break out of Brixton prison

Three men broke out of Brixton prison this morning. They overpowered a prison officer and escaped by climbing over the wall. They were seen making off in a red car that was waiting for them outside the prison. One of the men was later picked up by the police, but the other two men are still on the run. Police have warned the public not to approach these men, as they may be armed and dangerous.

Plane comes down in jungle

A plane with two English passengers on board has come down in dense jungle in Brazil. It seems that one of the engines cut out while the plane was heading for Rio de Janeiro, and the pilot was forced to make a crash landing in the jungle. A rescue team is now searching for survivors.

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Chemical factory blows up

News is coming in of an explosion at a chemical processing plant in Luton. It seems that part of the factory blew up and a fire has broken out. Although the fire is dying down and the situation is under control, the fire brigade say they won’t be able to put it out completely for several hours.

Severe weather cuts off towns in the north

Severe weather conditions in the north of England have cut off several towns and villages. Many roads are impassable due to heavy falls of snow. Supplies of food are being flown into some villages by helicopter.

Damaged plane touches down safely

A plane had to make an emergency landing at Heathrow this morning when one of its doors blew off. Shortly after taking off an explosion was heard and the plane had to turn back to Heathrow. The emergency services were standing by in case of a crash landing, but the plane touched down safely.

‘I never want to go through an experience like that again!’ said the passenger who had been sitting next to the door. ‘I don’t think I’ll ever get over the shock of seeing the door come off and a drop of 1,000 metres beneath me!’

1. Match the verbs in A with the definitions in B.

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2.Read the sentences. Then say the sentences again, using the multi-word verb prompts. The first one has been done for you.

1.The engine keeps stopping.

(cut out)

The engine keeps cutting out.

2.The survivors were rescued from the sea by helicopter.

(pick up)

3.Don’t touch it! It might explode!

(blow up)

4.He was arrested by the police for possessing drugs.

(pick up)

5.The police are ready for action in case there is trouble.

(stand by)

6.Someone entered our house illegally at the weekend.

(break into)

7.Our village was isolated by a snowstorm for a week.

(cut off)

8.He’s escaped from prison again.

(break out)

9. The robbers succeeded in stealing over ₤ 100,000.

(get away with)

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10. I tried to stop the thief, but he escaped on a motorbike.

(make off)

How multi-word verbs work

Multi-word verbs as nouns and adjectives

Some multi-word verbs can be used to make nouns and adjectives. They are usually made by combining the infinitive of the verb stem with the particle. If your car broke down on the motorway you could say:

I had a breakdown on the motorway, so I called the breakdown service.

Similarly, the verb to get away (= escape) can be used to form a noun or an adjective.

The robbers made their getaway in a blue car. The next day the police found the getaway car a short distance from the scene of the crime.

The stress is normally on the first part of the word. ( breakdown, getaway)

3.The particle out can be used with some verbs to give the idea of something stopping completely. Look at the sentences below and say what it is that has just stopped.

e.g. The firefighters put out the fire. = The fire stopped.

1.The engine was working all right but then it suddenly cut out.

2.After two years at university he decided to drop out. 3. She had to pull out of the competition because of a leg injury. 4. The shop has sold out of that style of jumper. 5. This species of bird died out in the nineteenth century. 6. They used to be good friends but they fell out last summer.

4. Translate into English.

1. Его подобрала спасательная шлюпка. 2. Он был задержан по обвинению в воровстве (on a charge of theft). 3. Мотор заглох.

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4. Центральное отопление перестало работать. 5. В шахте было семьдесят человек, когда там произошел взрыв. 6. Вор удрал. 7. Она всегда была готова помочь мне. 8. Грабители скрылись, забрав более десяти тысяч фунтов. 9. Ему сходит с рук все. 10. Мы были отрезаны снежными заносами. 11. Смит вновь совершил побег. 12. Грабители проникли в помещение через окно.

Topic: Telephoning

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1.Complete the conversation, using phrasal verbs from the list above.

A:Do you know the number of Lawson Mount Hospital?

B:I’m sorry, I don’t. Why don’t you … it … in the directory?

A:I don’t have a directory for that area.

B: Well, … … directory enquiries.

A: Oh, here’s the number. It’s 774492. I’d written it on this bit of paper. Hello, is that Lawson Mount Hospital? Can you … me … to Ward 2, please?

C: … … a moment, please.

A:Hello, is that Ward 2? Can I speak to ...? That’s strange. The line’s gone dead. We’ve been … … .

B:… the phone …, wait a moment and then dial the number again. I’m sure you’ll eventually … … to the hospital.

A:All right. Here goes! (pause) Hello, is that Ward 2? I’d ... . Would you believe it? They’ve … …!

B:They can’t have done that. There’s obviously something wrong with the phone.

2.Read the telephone conversation below. Substitute expressions containing a phrasal verb for the words and expressions in italics.

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the last time I phoned, the operator stopped our conversation before we’d finished. I don’t want her to think that I finished the conversation by replacing the receiver. In fact, I waited for ten minutes, but the line was completely dead. Could you ask her to return my telephone call this evening?

3. Translate into English.

1. He вешай трубку! 2. Подождите, пожалуйста, м-р Смит говорит по телефону сейчас. 3. Прежде чем мы закончили разговор, нас разъединили. 4. Я узнала его голос и положила трубку. 5. Говорите! Вас соединили. 6. Посмотри номер ее телефона в справочнике. 7. Я звонил ему несколько раз, но не дозвонился. 8. Я вам перезвоню, когда узнаю результат. 9. Кто-то пришел, я должен закончить разговор. 10. Сколько времени вам понадобится, чтобы соединить нас? 11. Я никак не мог связаться с начальством. 12. Когда вы будете мне звонить? 13. Я не успел ответить, как он положил трубку. 14. Ваш друг сказал, что он еще раз позвонит.

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