Практикум по развитию кросскультурного взаимодействия студентов транспортного факультета. Учебное пособие
.pdf2 Lesson 2 Road safety in Great Britain
Exercise 2.1 Read the following words. Mind their meaning
1.to injure – поранить, повредить;
2.road accident – дорожная авария;
3.junction – перекресток;
4.to be anxious – беспокоиться;
5.puncture – прокол (шины);
6.engine trouble – неисправность двигателя;
7.to obey rules – подчиняться правилам, соблюдать правила;
8.to be sure – быть уверенным.
Exercise 2.2 Read the following verbs. Mind their meaning. Pay attention
to the principal forms
1.to injure (-ed, -ed) – повредить, поранить
2.to hear (heard, heard) - слышать
3.to knock (-ed, -ed) – ударить, стучать
4.to die (died, died) - умирать
5.to see (saw, seen) - видеть
6.to allow (-ed, -ed) – разрешать, позволять
7.to drive (drove, driven) – управлять (автомобилем)
8.to catch (caught, caught) - ловить
9.to go (went, gone) – ехать, идти
10.to warn (-ed, -ed) - предупреждать
11.to cause (-ed, -ed) – вызывать, быть причиной
12.to keep (kept, kept) – держать.
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Exercise 2.3 Give the principal forms of the following verbs
To obey, to start, to help, to make, to cooperate, to communicate, to be, to have,
to look, to cross, to come, to need, to listen (to..
Exercise 2.4 Read the sentences, translate them, pay attention to the
indefinite and negative pronoun and their derivative forms
1.Every year several thousand people are killed in road accidents in Great
Britain.
2.If everybody obeys the rules, the roads will be much safer.
3.Some people are injured in road accidents.
4.Listen to news from the BBC and you may hear something.
5.In 1903 nobody was allowed to drive faster that 20 miles an hour.
6.If you are sure that the road is clear and there is nothing coming, it is safe to cross the road.
Exercise 2.5 Read and translate if-clauses. Pay attention to the Subjunctive
Mood
1.If you are in England and if you listen to the eight o`clock news from the BBC you will often hear news of road accidents.
2.If you were in England and if you listened to the eight o`clock news from the BBC you would hear news of road accidents.
3.If you had been to England last year and if you had listened to the eight o`clock news from the BBC you would have heard news of road accidents.
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Exercise 2.6 Transform the sentences into Present, Past Subjective translate
them
1.If you are sure that the road is clear and there is nothing coming, it will be safe to cross the road.
2.If everybody obeys the rules, the roads will be much safer.
Exercise 2.7 Give the a) synonyms and b) antonyms to the following words
a)several, to allow, to start, to help, to communicate
b)to allow, wide, open, fast, different, familiar, careless
Exercise 2.8 Read and translate the text
Road safety in Great Britain
Every year several thousand people are killed on the roads in Great Britain. Every year between one and two hundred thousand people are injured. These people are killed and injured in road accidents.
If you are in England and if you listen to the eight o'clock news from the BBC, you will often hear news of road accidents. You may hear something like this:
"On Monday evening last, at about twenty minutes to ten, a motorcyclist was knocked down by a motor-van at the junction of Oak Road and High Street in Croydon, Surrey. The cyclist has since died from his injuries. Will anyone who saw the accident, please, communicate with New Scotland Yard, telephone number Whitehall one, two, one, two."
In 1903 nobody was allowed to drive faster than 20 miles an hour, even on wide open roads. The police were anxious to catch all motorists who went too fast. So a group of "scouts" was formed to warn motorists when there was a policeman waiting on the road in front of them!
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From this beginning, the Automobile Association started in 1905. Then it had less than 100 members; today it has more than 3,000,000.
The picture is quite different: now the A. A. patrols cooperate with the police and are on the road to help motorists who need them.
It may be a puncture, engine trouble, or an accident. The yellow uniform of the A. A. man, with his yellow motor-cycle or van, is a familiar sight throughout Britain.
Accidents are often caused by carelessness. There are rules that help to make the roads safe, but people do not always obey the rules. They are careless. If everybody obeys the rules, the roads will be much safer.
In Great Britain traffic keeps to the left. Motorcars, motorvans, buses and cyclists must all keep to the left side of the road. In most other countries traffic keeps to the right.
Before crossing the road, stop and look both ways. Look right, look left, and look right again. Then, if you are sure that the road is clear, that there is nothing coming, it is safe to cross the road.
Exercise 2.9 Answer the questions
1.What was the speed limit on the roads of England in 1903?
2.Why was a group of “scouts” formed?
3.When was the Automobile Association founded?
4.What are the functions of this Association today?
5.What is the cause of many accidents nowadays?
Exercise 2.10 Think of some questions to the following answers
1.News of road accidents.
2.Telephone number Whitehall one, two.
3.To catch all motorists.
4.100 members.
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5.3 million members.
6.A familiar sight throughout Britain.
7.Carelessness.
8.Safer.
9.The left side of the road.
10.The right side of the road.
11.It is safe to cross the road.
Exercise 2.11 Speak on the road safety in Great Britain
Exercise 12 If you were proposed to discuss the road safety in R.F. what would
you speak about? Make up the plan of your speech
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3 Lesson 3 Traffic rules in Russia
Exercise 3.1 Read the following words. Mind their meaning
1)to take into consideration – принимать во внимание
2)to be responsible (for) – быть ответственным (за)
3)in particular – в частности
4)in such a manner – таким образом
5)to be alert – быть бдительным
6)to move abreast – двигаться в ряд
7)route – маршрут
8)strictly adhere (to) – строго придерживаться
9)road signs – дорожный знак
10)traffic lights – светофор
11)to comply (with) – исполнять
12)regulation baton – жезл
13)horn signaling – гудок автомобиля
14)in case of emergency – в случае непредвиденной ситуации
15)the lane of the oncoming traffic – полоса встречного движения
16)pedestrian crossing - пешеходный переход
Exercise 3.2 Read the following verbs. Mind their meaning. Pay attention
to the principal forms
To be (was, were, been) – быть, находиться
To forbid (forbade, forbidden) – запрещать, не позволять
To drive (drove, driven) – управлять машиной
To cause (-ed, -ed) – вызывать, быть причиной
To obstruct (-ed, -ed) – преграждать
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Exercise 3.3 Form nouns using different suffixes
Special, valid, responsible, strict, particular, thick, visible, intense, direct
Exercise 3.4 Find (b) Russian equivalents to the following phrases (a)
a) to take into consideration, to forbid, to be responsible smth, in particular, to pay attention, according to, in such a manner, to be alert, strictly adhere, to comply with, in case of emergency, pedestrian crossing.
b) таким образом, обращать внимание, пешеходный переход, в частности,
принимать во внимание, быть бдительным, строго придерживаться, в случае непредвиденной ситуации, исполнять, быть ответственным за, в соответствии с,
запрещать.
Exercise 3.5 Translate some sentences paying attention to modal verbs
1.The driver must observe and strictly adhere to road signs.
2.Horn signaling may be used only outside city limits.
3.The driver should be responsible for the condition of his car.
4.The drive should conduct the car he is driving in such a manner as not to cause
danger.
5.What can have happened to change him so much?
6.A policeman arrived and told him he couldn`t park there.
7.He may have forgotten about it.
8.He must have been working since breakfast.
9.The children are not to touch anything in the room.
10.I didn`t have to turn around to know they were coming down the street.
11.“When is he going back?” “How should I know?”
12.You shall have no cause to complain of me. There shall be no difficulty about
money.
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13.You should speak for yourself.
14.You should have stayed at home.
15.You shouldn`t tell anyone about it.
16.You shouldn`t have told anyone about it.
Exercise 3.6 Paraphrase the following, using modal verbs
1.Careful attention is obligatory paid to warning signals of special cars (fire engines ambulances, etc) which have the right of way (право преимущественного проезда).
2.It is forbidden to pass the car in front of driving in the lanes of the oncoming traffic at road crossings and pedestrian crossings.
3.It is forbidden to stop on the left-hand side of the street.
Exercise 3.7 Give the a) synonyms and b) antonyms to the followings words
a)alter, traffic, car, forbid, effective, mist, nowadays.
b)careful, valid, low, increase, understand, outside, exit, before, several.
Exercise 3.8 Read and translate the text “Traffic rules in Russia”
Traffic regulations are international nowadays. But special regulations valid for one country are also to be taken into consideration.
Traffic in RF is on the right-hand side of streets and roads with the traffic way wide enough for several cars moving abreast in one direction, it is forbidden to drive in the left-hand lane if the right-hand lane is free.
The driver should be responsible for the condition of his cars, and in particular the reliability of his brakes, the steering, the tyres and the lights and indicators on his car.
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The driver should conduct the car he is driving in such a manner as not to cause danger to or obstruct the movement of another machine, be alert and keep to the route he is driving on.
While driving in traffic the driver must observe and strictly adhere to road signs, signals and traffic lights and also comply with the orders of traffic inspectors (either in uniform or with an arm-band on his left arm and a regulation baton in his hand).
Before making a left or right turn, a complete turn, accelerating, stopping or making any other manoeuvres which may alter his position in the lane, the driver must give warning by signaling before he starts the particular manoeuvre. Horn signaling may be used only outside city limits. Only in case of emergency or in a thick fog may there be an exception to the rule. Careful attention must be paid to warning signals of special service cars (fire engines, ambulances, etc.) which have the right of way.
The speed is regulated by the driver according to the condition of the road on which he is driving, visibility and also the intensity of traffic and the number of pedestrians. Upon the slightest warning of danger he must lower his speed and stop the car. The speed limit is cities, towns and villages is 60 km an hour. On some roads speed limit is increased up to 80 km as shown by the corresponding sign.
It is forbidden to pass the car in front by driving in the lanes of the oncoming traffic, at road or street crossings and pedestrian crossings, on bridges and also before warning signs.
It is forbidden to stop on the left-hand side of the street or road except in narrow streets where vehicular traffic from both directions passes along a single lane.
There exist some other traffic regulations and rules, if you observe them carefully you are safe on the road.
Exercise 3.9 Answer the questions
1.Is traffic in RF on the left-hand side?
2.Should the driver be responsible for the condition of his car?
3.What must driver observe while driving in traffic?
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4.Where may horn signaling be used?
5.When is it not forbidden to stop on the left-hand side of the street?
6.What cars have the right of way?
7.What is the speed limit in cities?
Exercise 3.10 Think of some questions to the following answers:
1)in particular the reliability of his brakes, the steering.
2)on the right-hand side of the street.
3)not to cause danger on the road.
4)outside city limits
5)the condition of the road, visibility and intensity of traffic.
6)up to 80 km an hour
7)at street and pedestrian crossings, on bridges and before warning signs.
Exercise 3.11 Speak about traffic rules in RF which are not mentioned in
the text
Exercise 3.12 Discuss the traffic rules in RF in dialogues
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