3. Read and translate the text using the words from the exercise 2: radio communication systems between train and trackside (rstt)

Railway transportation is a means of conveyance of passengers and goods (freight). It is also commonly referred to as train transport. Various radiocommunication systems/technologies have been used for many years for railway operational applications. There are various degrees of implementation of numerous technologies among countries. Radiocommunication networks are critical to train operations including stringent requirements for reliability, availability, safety and security for these operations. In general, radiocommunication for railway operations is considered to be mission-critical for train operations in general and the management of train emergency situations. RSTT provide improved railway traffic control, passenger safety and security for train operations. To date, RSTT have included narrowband wireless technologies for carriage of train control, command, and operational information, as well as monitoring data between on-board equipment and related radio infrastructure located along the trackside. Such legacy systems also usually took the form of dedicated mobile radio systems for dispatching, train control and other operational safety-related and efficiency needs of railway transportation systems. Radiocommunication systems supporting RSTT generally need system interoperability and seamless continuity, especially for tracks crossing borders or tracks operated by multiple railway network entities.

Generic Architecture of RSTT

The main elements of the RSTT may consist of on board radio equipment, radio access units and other trackside radio infrastructure. Other systems, such as the core network, etc., are supporting systems for the RSTT.

–Radio access unit: including antenna and base station, to provide radio access to the terminals (especially cab radio)

–On board radio equipment: Radio equipment installed on train as well as handsets (for example, mobile terminals of automatic train control –ATC)

–Other trackside radio infrastructure: Radio infrastructure operating along trackside (for example: shunting radio devices).

https://www.itu.int/dms_pub/itu-r/opb/rep/R-REP-M.2418-2017-PDF-E.pdf

4. After reading the text above answer the following questions:

1. Why is radio communication necessary in train operation system?

2. What main standards of railway transportation does RSTT provide?

3. What operations can RSTT perform?

4. List the main parts of RSTT.

5. Read the definition and give the suitable word. Use the words from exercise 2:

1. A place or a situation in which you are protected from danger or harm.

2. The process of moving people, animals or goods from one place to another.

3. A system of lines or similar things such as roads or wires that are connected to each other.

4. To give someone something that they want or need.

5. The tools, machines or other things that you need for a particular job or activity.

6. Something that a rule, law, contract etc states that you must do.

7. Goods that are carried by vehicle.

8. An unexpected situation involving danger in which immediate action is necessary.

9. Something such as a tradition or problem that exists as a result of something that happened in the past.

10. A railway line.