8. Fill the table with the information from the text above:
Type of device |
Material |
Principles of work |
Area of using |
Conductors |
|
|
|
Semiconductors |
|
|
|
Insulators |
|
|
|
Silicon crystals are the most common semiconducting materials used in microelectronics
Grammar Focus Passive Voice
Глагол в страдательном залоге выражает действие, которое направлено на лицо или предмет, выраженное подлежащим.
Present Simple Passive Повторяющееся действие в настоящем (always, often, usually etc.) |
Am Is + V3 Are
|
All new devices are tested by scientists. |
Past Simple Passive Действие, совершившееся в прошлом (last, ago, in 2017, until 2018 etc.) |
Was + V3 Were |
This device was tested last month. |
Future Simple Passive Действие, которое произойдет в будущем (tomorrow, next week/year etc.) |
Will be + V3
|
This device will be tested next week. |
Present Continuous Passive Действие, которое длится в момент речи (now) или временное действие, длящееся в настоящий период (currently, now, today, this week/month etc.) |
Am Is + being V3 Are |
This device is being tested this week. |
Past Continuous Passive Действие, длящееся в определенный момент в прошлом (when he came back, when the computer crashed) |
Was + being V3 Were |
This device was being tested when the client rang yesterday. |
Present Perfect Passive 1) Настоящий результат/ последствие действия, произошедшего в недавнем прошлом (just, already, yet, recently) 2) действие, которое началось в прошлом и длится в момент речи (for 5 years, since 2018)
|
Have + been V3 Has |
This device hasn’t been tested yet.
This device has been tested for 2 hours. |
Past Perfect Passive Действие, произошедшее раньше другого действия в прошлом |
Had + been V3 |
The customer bought the device which had been tested at the factory. |
9. Put the verb in brackets in the correct tense of the Passive Voice:
A great contribution to the study of semiconductor physics (make) by an outstanding Russian scientist and academician A. T. Yoffe who showed the technical importance of semiconductor devices.
The most important of semiconductor device, transistor, (invent) in 1948.
Transistors (make) of a semiconductor material.
It was in 1952 when transistors (apply) in radio communication for the first time.
The life of a transistor (not limit) because the electron flow that (create) in the semiconductor does its work in a complete circuit, returning again and again to its source so that no electrons leave the transistor.
Semiconductors vary according to the material that (use) for their production.
Like charges (repel), unlike (attract).
Telecommunication systems (develop) on the basis of radio equipment.
All the electronic elements to be used in radio set (test).
Nowadays new digital telephones and televisions (develop) to make telecommunications more efficient.
UNIT 6
