книги студ / Color Atlas of Pathophysiology (S Silbernagl et al, Thieme 2000)
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A. Effects of Abnormal Cerebral Perfusion |
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Bleeding |
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Paralysis |
Irreversible |
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Ischemia |
Dys- |
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damage |
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O2 |
K+ |
function |
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10 – 20 s |
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4 – 6 s |
3 – 5 min |
Disorders |
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ATP |
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Cell death |
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Na+ |
Onset of anoxia |
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Depolarization |
Ca2+ |
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Cl– |
Glutamate |
Thromboxan |
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Flow: |
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Vasoconstriction |
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Blood |
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H2O |
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Necrosis |
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Nerve cell |
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Brain tissue |
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Lesion of cells |
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Cerebral |
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at margin of |
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Inflammation |
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ischemic region |
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Cell swelling |
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Intracranial |
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pressure |
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10.32 |
B. Vascular Occlusion as Cause of Ischemia |
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Hemiparesis, |
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hemianesthesia, |
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Plate |
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apraxia, |
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apathy |
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Hemianesthesia, |
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Anterior |
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hemiparesis, |
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cerebral a. |
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conjugate deviation, |
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Internal |
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visual field defect, |
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Medial |
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aphasia, apraxia, |
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carotis a. |
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cerebral a. |
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hemineglect |
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Posterior |
Anterior |
Basal ganglia |
Hypokinesia |
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communi- |
Internal capsule |
Hemiparesis |
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cating a. |
choroid a. |
Optic tract |
Hemianopsia |
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Posterior |
Thalamus |
Hemianesthesia |
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cerebral a. |
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Hemianopsia |
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a. |
Branches |
III, VII, XII, |
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Basilar |
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of basilar a. |
Parkinson’s dis., hemiparesis |
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Mid-brain |
V, VI, VII, hypacusis, ataxia, |
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nystagmus, Horner’s syndrome |
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Tetraplegia, |
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Pons |
pseudobulbar paralysis |
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V, X, |
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nystagmus, Horner’s syndrome, |
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hemiataxia, hiccough, |
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hemianästhesia, ageusis, |
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hypakusis |
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Medulla |
XII, |
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361 |
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oblongata |
hemiparesis, Hemihypesthesia |
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Silbernagl/Lang, Color Atlas of Pathophysiology © 2000 Thieme
All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.
Further Reading
General Physiology
Berne RM, Levy MN. Physiology. 4th ed. St. Louis: Mosby Inc.; 1998
Despopoulos A, Silbernagl S. Color Atlas of Physiology. 4th ed. Stuttgart–New York: Thieme; 1991
Guyton AC, Hall JE. Textbook of Medical Physiology. 9th ed. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Company; 1996
Johnson LR. Essential Medical Physiology. 2nd ed. Philadelphia–New York: Lippincott–Rav- en Publishers; 1998
Rhoades RA, Tanner GA. Medical Physiology. Boston–New York: Little, Brown and Company; 1995
West JB. Physiological Basis of Medical Practice. 12th ed. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins; 1990
General Pathophysiology
Bennett JC, Plum F. Cecil Textbook of Medicine. 20th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders; 1996
Cotran R, Kumar V, Robbins SL. Pathologic Basis of Disease. 5th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders; 1994
Fauci AS, Braunwald E, Isselbacher KJ, Wilson JD, Martin JB, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Longo DL. Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine. 14th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 1998 McCance KL, Huether SE. Pathophysiology, The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children. 2nd ed. St. Louis: Mosby-Year Book;
1994
McPhee SJ, Lingappa VR, Ganong WF, Lange JD. Pathophysiology of Disease, An Introduction to Clinical Medicine. 2nd ed. Stamford (Connecticut): Appleton & Lange; 1997
Single Topics of Pathophysiology
and Physiology
Cell Physiology
Alberts B, Bray D, Lewis J, Raff M, Roberts K, Watson JD. Molecular Biology of The Cell. 3rd ed. New York: Garland; 1994
Lodish H, Baltimore D, Berk A, Zipursky SL, Matsudaira P, Darnell J. Molecular Cell Biology. 3rd ed. New York: Freeman and Company – Scientific American Books Inc.; 1995
Blood and Immunology
Kuby J. Immunology. 2nd ed. New York: Freeman and Company; 1994
Respiration and Acid–Base Balance
Crystal RG, West JB, Barnes PJ, Weibel ER. The Lung: Scientific Foundations. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven; 1996
Halperin ML, Goldstein MB. Fluid, Electrolyte and Acid-Base Physiology. A Problem-based Approach. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Saunders; 1994
West JB. Respiratory Physiology: The Essentials. 5th ed. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins; 1995
Kidney and Electrolytes
Halperin ML, Goldstein MB. Fluid, Electrolyte and Acid-Base Physiology. A Problem-based Approach. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Saunders; 1994
Seldin DW, Giebisch G (eds). The Kidney: Physiology and Pathophysiology. 2nd ed. New York: Raven Press; 1992
Massry SG, Glassock RJ. Textbook of Nephrology. Vol.1. 3rd ed. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins; 1995
Stomach, Intestine, Liver
Arias IM, Boyer JL, Fausto N, Jakoby WB, Schachter D, Shafritz DA. The Liver, Biology and Pathobiology. 3rd ed. New York: Raven Press; 1994
362
Silbernagl/Lang, Color Atlas of Pathophysiology © 2000 Thieme
All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.
Johnson LR, ed. Physiology of the Gastrointestinal Tract. Vol.1 and 2. 3rd ed. New York: Raven Press; 1994
Misiewicz JJ, Forbes A, Price AB, Shorvon PJ, Triger DR, Tytgat GNJ. Atlas of Clinical Gastroenterology. 2nd ed. St. Lewis, MO: Wolfe Publishing (Mosby Year Book Europe); 1994 Netter FH. The Ciba Collection of Medical Illustrations. Vol. 3: Digestive System, Parts
I–III. Ciba Pharmaceutical Co.; 1964 Sleisenger MH, Fordtran JS. Gastrointestinal
Disease. Vol.1 and 2. 5th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders; 1993
Heart and Circulation
Goldman MJ. Principles of Clinical Electrocardiography. 12th ed. Los Altos/Ca: Lange Medical Publications; 1986
Katz AM. Physiology of the Heart. 2nd ed. New York: Raven Press; 1992
Levine HJ. Clinical Cardiovascular Physiology. New York: Grune & Stratton; 1976
Lilly LS, ed. Pathophysiology of Heart Disease. Malvern/Pa: Lea & Febiger; 1993
Ross G. Pathophysiology of the Heart. New York: Masson Publishing USA; 1982
Schlant RC, Alexander RW. The Heart, Arteries and Veins. 8th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 1994
van der Werf T. Cardiovascular Pathophysiology. Oxford University Press; 1980
Hormones
Felig P, Baxter JD, Frohman LA. Endocrinology and Metabolism. 3rd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 1995
Greenspan FS, Strewler GJ. Basic & Clinical Endocrinology. 5th ed. Stamford (Connecticut): Appleton & Lange; 1997
Griffin JE, Ojeda SR. Textbook of Endocrine Physiology. 3rd ed. Oxford Univ. Press; 1996 Wilson JD, Foster DW. Williams Textbook of Endocrinology. 9th ed. Philadelphia: Saun-
ders; 1998
Neuromuscular and Sensory System
Adams RD, Victor M. Principles of Neurology. 6th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 1997
Frazer A, Molinoff PB, Winokur A. Biological Basis of Brain Function and Disease. 2nd ed. New York: Raven Press 1993
Kandel ER, Schwartz JH, Jessell TM, eds. Principles of Neural Science. 3rd ed. Stamford (Connecticut): Appleton & Lange; 1992
Kaplan IH, Sadock BJ (eds). Comprehensive Textbook of Psychiatry. Vol.1. 6th ed. (30th anniversary). Baltimore:Williams&Wilkins; 1995
Rosenberg RN, Prusiner SB (ed), Dimauro S, Barchi RL. The Molecular and Genetic Basis of Neurological Disease. 2nd ed. Boston: Butterworth-Heinemann; 1997
Pathobiochemistry
Scriver C, Beaudet AL, Sly W, Valle D (eds). The Metabolic and Molecular Basis of Inherited Disease. Vol.1 – 3. 7th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 1995
Pathology, Anatomy and Histology
Cotran R, Kumar V, Robbins SL. Pathologic Basis of Disease. 5th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders; 1994
Frick H, Leonhardt H, Starck D. Human Anatomy 2, Vol.1 and 2. Stuttgart–New York: Thieme; 1991
Kahle W, Leonhardt H, Platzer W. Color Atlas/ Text of Human Anatomy, Locomotor System, Vol.1–3. 4th ed. Stuttgart–New York: Thieme; 1992
Williams PL, Warwick R, Dyson M, Bannister LH. Gray’s Anatomy. 37th ed. New York: Churchill Livingstone; 1989
Pharmacology
Goodman LS, Gilman A (eds). The Pharmaco-
logical Basis of Therapeutics. 9th ed. New
York: McGraw-Hill; 1996
Silbernagl/Lang, Color Atlas of Pathophysiology © 2000 Thieme
All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.
References
363
Medical Dictionaries
Smith AD, Datta SP, Howard Smith G, Campbell PN, Bentley R, McKenzie HA. Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 1997
References
Journals
Annual Review of Physiology. Annual Review Inc. Palo Alto, California/USA
Nature Medicine. Nature America Inc., New York/USA
Nature. Macmillan Magazines, London/UK NIPS (News in Physiological Sciences). Schultz
SG, ed. Houston, Texas/USA
Physiological Reviews. The American Physiological Society, Bethesda, Maryland/USA Reviews of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology. Springer Verlag: Berlin – Heidel-
berg – New York
Science. American Association for the Advancement of Science, New York/USA
364
Silbernagl/Lang, Color Atlas of Pathophysiology © 2000 Thieme
All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.
Index (Including Abbreviations)
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A |
acetylsalicylic acid, 20 |
acute respiratory failure, |
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hemostasis, 64 |
232 |
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eicosanoids, 296 |
acute-phase proteins, 50 |
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A1, A2 receptors, 6, 216 |
pancreatitis, 158 |
acute-phase response, 20, |
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a wave, electroretino- |
ACh (receptors) |
48, 50 |
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gramm, 324 |
see acetylcholine |
acyl-CoA-cholesterol-acyl |
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a wave, central venous |
achalasia, 138 |
transferase, 246 |
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pressure, 198, 202 |
achlorhydria, 38 |
Adams-Stokes attack, 188 |
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ABCR (ATP-binding carrier), |
gastritis, 142 |
adaptation, 4 |
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retina, 324 |
malabsorption, 152 |
ADDC (antibody dependent |
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abducens nerve, 358ff |
achromatopsia, 326 |
cell-mediated cyto- |
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abetalipoproteinemia, |
acid aminoaciduria, 96 |
toxicity), 52 |
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154, 247 |
acid base metabolism |
Addiction, 354f |
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abnormal distribution, 76 |
see acidosis, alkalosis |
Addison’s disease, 266, 270f |
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ABO blood group mis- |
acid lipase, 244 |
circulatory shock, 230 |
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matches, hemostasis, 64 |
acidosis (see as well H+), 88ff |
adenine phosphoribosyl |
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ABO incompatibility, 52 |
Addison’s disease, 270 |
transferase, 250 |
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abortion, 56, 296 |
cardiac rhythm, 188 |
adenoma, 256, 262 |
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ABP (androgen binding |
circulatory shock, 232 |
adenosine deaminase, 58 |
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protein), 272 |
coronary heart |
adenosine, acute renal |
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abscess |
disease, 220 |
failure, 108 |
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tissue repair, 50f |
diarrhea, 150 |
coronary circulation, |
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brain, 338, 342, 358 |
hyperthermia, 22 |
216, 220 |
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pancreatitis, 160 |
hypoxia, 84 |
peptic ulcer, 144 |
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absences, 338 |
kidney, 106, 110 |
signal transmission, 6 |
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absorption, gastro- |
liver failure, 174 |
adenylcyclase, acidosis, 90 |
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intestinal, 134 |
phosphate, 130 |
calcium, 128 |
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ACAT (Acyl-CoA-Cholesterin- |
potassium, 124 |
opiate receptor, 354 |
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Acyltransferase), 164, 246 |
tumors, 16 |
signal transmission, 6f |
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ACE inhibitors, 210 |
ventilation, 66ff, 82 |
ADH (antidiuretic hormone), |
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acenocumarol, 64 |
acinar cells, 158, 162 |
260f |
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acetaldehyde, 172 |
acohol dehydrogenase, 354 |
adrenocortical hor- |
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acetaldehyde dehydrogenase, |
acquired immunodeficiency |
mones, 266, 270 |
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addiction, 354 |
syndrome see AIDS |
circulatory shock, |
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acetic acid, diabetes |
acromegaly, 262f, 286 |
226, 232 |
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mellitus, 288 |
ACTH, 264 ff |
fever, 20 |
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acetone see ketone bodies |
diabetes mellitus, 286 |
hepatorenal syndrome, |
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acetylcholine, 332f |
hypertension, 212 |
118 |
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breathing regulation, 82 |
signal transmission, 6 |
hypothalamus, 334 |
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cholelithiasis, 166 |
actin-myosin, 224 |
magnesium, 126 |
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coronary circulation, 216 |
action potential, heart, 180ff, |
nephritis, 106 |
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esophagus, 136ff |
188, 126 |
nephrotic syndrome, 104 |
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neuromuscular |
action potential, |
renal hypertension, 114 |
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transmission, 304 |
nerves, 302ff |
signal transmission, 6f |
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peptic ulcer, 144 |
activin, 274 |
urinary concentra- |
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signal transmission, 6f |
acute myeloid leukemia, 30 |
tion, 98ff |
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acetylcholinesterase, |
acute pancreatitis |
urolithiasis, 120 |
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300, 304 |
see pancreatitis |
vomiting, 140 |
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acetyl-CoA-cholesterol- |
acute renal failure, 108f, |
water balance, 122 |
365 |
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acetyl transferase, 164 |
230ff, 250 |
adhesion, 156 |
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Silbernagl/Lang, Color Atlas of Pathophysiology © 2000 Thieme
All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.
ad
am
Index
366
adhesion molecules, |
AIDS (aquired immune |
alexia, 326 |
atherosclerosis, 238 |
deficiency syndrome), 58 |
alkaline phosphatase, 132 |
eicosanoids, 296 |
AIDS, gastritis, 142 |
alkalosis (see as well |
inflammation, 48ff |
malabsorption, 154 |
H+), 86ff |
tumors, 16 |
AIDS-related complex, 58 |
breathing regulation, 82 |
adiposity see obesity |
ailment, 320 |
calcium, 128 |
adiuretin see ADH |
airways, 76, 80, 90 |
Cushing’s disease, 268 |
ADP, 60, 64, 216 |
akanthocytes, 168 |
hypoxia, 84 |
adrenal medulla |
akinesia (see Parkinson’s |
insulin, 288 |
(see autonomic nervous |
disease), 312f |
liver failure, 174 |
system) 332f |
heart, 222 |
nephrotic syndrome, 104 |
adrenaline see epinephrine |
akinetopsia, 326 |
phosphate, 130 |
adrenals, 266ff, 332f |
ALA (see aminolevulinate) |
potassium, 124 |
lipoprotein, 246 |
alanine-glyoxylate amino- |
sleep disorders, 340 |
adrenergic |
transferase, 242 |
vomiting, 140 |
see (nor)epinephrine |
albumin, copper, 252 |
alkaptonuria, 242 |
adrenocortical hormones, |
edemas, 234 |
allergens, 45, 48, 52 |
266ff, 342 (see cortisol, |
hypothyroidism, 284 |
allergies, 52ff |
aldosterone, testosterone) |
nephrotic syndrome, 104 |
circulatory shock, 230 |
adrenocortical insufficiency, |
alcohol (ism), addiction, 354 |
gastrointestinal tract, 134 |
270 |
cerebellum, 316 |
histamine, 294 |
adrenogenital syndrome, |
consciousness, 342 |
allodynia, 320 |
264f, 274 |
EEG, 336 |
allopurinol, 168 |
hypertension, 210ff |
epilepsy, 338 |
Alport’s syndrome, 242 |
adult respiratory distress |
esophagus, 138 |
altitude, 82, 86 |
syndrome, 232 |
gastritis, 142 |
coronary heart disease, |
advanced glycation end |
gout, 250 |
218 |
products, 290f, |
hypoglycemia, 292 |
pulmonary hypertension, |
322ff, 348 |
liver failure, 168ff, 252 |
214 |
adventitia, 238 |
magnesium balance, 126 |
aluminium, 130ff |
adynamia, 124 |
malabsorption, 154 |
alveoli, 66ff |
affinity, renal transport, 94ff |
memory, 346 |
alveolitis, 54 |
afibrinogenemia, 62 |
motor unit, 306 |
Alzheimer’s disease, 54ff |
afterpotentials, 226 |
olfaction, 330 |
apotic cell death, 12 |
agammaglobulinemia, 58 |
pain, 320 |
memory, 346 |
aganglionosis, 156 |
pancreatitis, 158ff |
olfaction, 330 |
AGE see advanced glycation |
peptic ulcer, 146 |
amacrine cells, 324 |
end products |
phosphate balance, 130 |
Amadori, 290 |
age-1, 18 |
tissue repair, 51 |
Amanita phalloides, 168 |
ageusia, 330, 360 |
vomiting, 140 |
amaurosis, 326 |
aggrecan, 172 |
aldosereductase, 290 |
amenorrhea, 276f |
aggressiveness |
aldosterone (see mineral- |
androgens, 272 |
androgen, 272 |
corticoids), 266f |
Cushing’s disease, 268 |
aging, 18f |
alkalosis, 86 |
obesity, 26 |
atherosclerosis, 236 |
Bartter’s syndrome, 98 |
prolactin, 260 |
deafness, 328 |
circulatory shock, 232 |
somatotropin, 262 |
dementia, 348 |
diabetes mellitus, 288 |
amines, 110, 174 |
diabetes mellitus, 290 |
glomerulonephritis, 102ff |
amino acids, 242f |
emphysema, 78 |
hepatorenal syndrome, |
cerebellum, 316 |
hyperthermia, 24 |
118 |
diabetes mellitus, 290 |
olfaction, 330 |
hypertension, 210ff |
gastrointestinal tract, |
somatotropin, 262 |
pregnancy, 116 |
134, 154 |
agnosia, 326 |
signal transmission, 7 |
hepatorenal syndrome, |
agranulocytosis, 58 |
taste, 330 |
118 |
Silbernagl/Lang, Color Atlas of Pathophysiology © 2000 Thieme
All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.
hormones, 258 |
androstenedione, 264, |
prolactin, 260 |
insulin, 288, 292 |
274, 278 |
signal transmission, 6f |
liver failure, 174 |
anemia, 30ff, 40 |
angiotensinogen, 114, 268 |
renal excretion, 94ff, |
Addison’s disease, 270 |
angiotrophic mediators, 324 |
110, 116 |
blood pressure, 206 |
anhidrosis, 360 |
somatotropin, 262 |
cobalamine, 34 |
anion exchangers, 96 |
aminoaciduria, renal |
coronary heart dis- |
anismus, 156 |
excretion, 94ff |
ease, 218 |
ankle edema, 234 |
γ-aminobutyrate see GABA |
diffusion abnormalities, 70 |
ankylosing spondylitis, 56 |
γ-aminobutyric acid see |
gastrectomy, 148 |
ankyrin, 40 |
GABA |
heme synthesis, 254 |
anlage, 274 |
α-amino-β-ketoadipate, |
hypothyroidism, 284 |
anopsia, 326 |
heme synthesis, 254 |
hypoxia, 84 |
anorectal inhibitory reflexes |
aminolevulinate, 254 |
icterus, 168 |
constipation, 156 |
aminolevulinate syn- |
malabsorption, 154 |
anorexia nervosa, 26, 334 |
thase, 254 |
portal hypertension, 170 |
anosmia, 330 |
aminolevulinatedehydro- |
renal disease, 102, 110 |
anoxia see hypoxia |
genase, 254 |
tumors, 16 |
ANP see atriopeptin |
δ-aminolevulinic acid, |
anergy, 45, 56 |
antacids, 146, 150 |
36, 254 |
anesthesia, 342f |
anterior cerebral artery, 360 |
aminopterin, 34 |
anemias, 36 |
anterior commissure, 342 |
ammonia, 92, 174, 342 |
sensory system, 318 |
anterior pituitary, 350 |
amnesia, 346ff |
pain, 320 |
anterior temporal lobes, 348 |
amniotic fluid, 64 |
stroke, 360 |
anterolateral tract, 318 |
AMP, 250 |
anesthetics, neuromuscular |
antibiotics, deafness, 328 |
AMPA receptor, 338 |
transmission, 304 |
gastritis, 142 |
amphetamines, 312, 350ff |
anesthetics, taste, 330 |
malabsorption, 154 |
amplitude, blood pressure, |
aneurysm, 212, 238f, 360 |
peptic ulcer, 146 |
206 |
ANF (atrial natriuretic factor) |
antibodies, 48ff |
amygdala, 330, 346 |
see atriopeptin |
Cushing’s disease, 268 |
amylase, 152 |
angina pectoris, 218ff |
female sex hormones, 274 |
α-amylase, 134 |
aortic stenosis, 198 |
gastrointestinal tract, 134 |
β-amyloid precursor, 348 |
aortic regurgitation, 200 |
neuromuscular trans- |
amyloidosis, 102, 170 |
coronary heart disease, 218 |
mission, 304 |
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, |
mitral regurgitation, 196 |
tumors, 16 |
12, 306 |
somatotropin, 262 |
antibody-dependent cell- |
anabolics, 274 |
vasculitis, 240 |
mediated cytotoxicity, 52 |
anaemia see anemia |
angiogenesis, 16 |
anticoagulants, 64 |
anaerobic glycolysis, |
angioneurotic edema, 294 |
anticonvulsives, 342 |
30, 88, 216 |
angioplasty, 220 |
antidiuresis, 100f, 122 |
tumor cells, 16 |
angiostatin, 16 |
Antidiuretic Hormone |
anal fissure, 156 |
angiotensin (I, II), 122f |
see ADH |
analgesia, 320 |
acute renal failure, 108 |
antigen-presenting |
analgesic asthma, 296 |
adrenocortical hormones, |
cells, 44ff |
analgesics, 354 |
266ff |
antigens, 42ff |
anaphase, 2 |
antidiuretic hormone, 260 |
gastrointestinal tract, 134 |
anaphylactic shock, 52, 230 |
Bartter’s syndrome, 98 |
obstructive lung disease, |
anaphylaxins, 50 |
circulatory shock, 232 |
76 |
anaphylaxis, 52f, 234 |
edemas, 234 |
antigravity muscles, 310 |
Andersen, 244 |
glomerular disease, 102ff |
antimineralocorticoid, 276 |
androgen (see testosterone), |
hepatorenal syndrome, |
anti-Müller hormone, 278 |
272f |
118 |
α2-antiplasmin, 62 |
androgen-binding protein, |
hypertension, 208ff |
antipsychotics, 314 |
272 |
pregnancy, 116 |
antipyretics, 20 |
am
an
Index
367
Silbernagl/Lang, Color Atlas of Pathophysiology © 2000 Thieme
All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.
an
at
Index
368
antithrombin III, 60, 220 |
ARC see AIDS related complex |
asphyxia, 294 |
α1-antitrypsin, 60, 78, 174 |
arcuate fasciculus, 344 |
aspiration, 140 |
antrum, 148, 160 |
arcuate nucleus, 26 |
aspirin, 146, 296 |
anuria, 108f, 158 |
ARDS (acute respiratory |
association tracts, 318 |
anxiety, 340, 346 |
distress syndrome), 232 |
associations, 352 |
aorta, aneurysm, 64, |
area 22, aphasias, 344 |
astereognosis, 318 |
230, 238 |
area 28, memory, 346 |
asthma, 52f |
atherosclerosis, 236ff |
area 39, aphasias, 344 |
distribution ab- |
cardiac cycle, 178 |
area 40, aphasias, 344 |
normalities, 72 |
circulatory shunts, 204 |
area 44, aphasias, 344 |
eicosanoids, 296 |
hypertension, 212 |
area postrema, 140, 356 |
heart failure, 226 |
aortic coarctation, 114, 210 |
area preoptica, 20 |
obstructivelung disease,76 |
aortic regurgitation, 200f |
areflexia, 310 |
pulmonary hypertension, |
aortic stenosis, 198f, |
arginine, 86, 88, 96 |
214 |
218, 222 |
arrectores pilorum, 332 |
signal transmission, 6 |
AP-1, 7 |
arrhythmia, 186f |
astigmatism, 322 |
apathy, 22, 174, 360 |
aortic stenosis, 198 |
astrocytes, 356 |
APC see antigen |
Ca2+, 128 |
asynthesia, 326 |
presenting cells |
circulatory shock, 230 |
asystole, 24, 186ff |
aphagia, 334 |
coronary heart disease, |
ataxia, 318 |
aphasias, 344f |
220, 222 |
Alzheimer’s disease, 348 |
aphemia, 344 |
heart failure, 226 |
cerebellum, 316 |
apheresis, 247 |
hemochromatoses, 252 |
multiple sclerosis, 302 |
aphthous ulcers, 154 |
hyperthermia, 22ff |
atelectasis, 74 |
aplasia, 4, 256 |
magnesium balance, 126 |
distribution ab- |
aplastic anemia, 12, 30ff |
arterioles, hypertension, 208 |
normalities, 72 |
apnea, 24, 340 |
arteriosclerosis |
hyperoxia, 84 |
Apo a (lipoprotein), 236 |
see atherosclerosis |
tumors, 16 |
Apo-1 see CD 95 (FAS/Apo-1) |
arteriovenous fistulae, 204 |
atheroma see atherosclerosis |
ApoA, lipoprotein, 246 |
arteriovenous O2 differ- |
atherosclerosis, 236ff |
ApoB, lipoprotein, 238, 246f |
ence, 70, 84, 194, 216 |
aneurysm, 238 |
ApoC, lipoprotein, 247 |
arteriovenous shunt, 66 |
aortic regurgitation, 200 |
ApoE, lipoprotein, 246f, 348 |
arthritis, aortic regurgi- |
constipation, 156 |
apolipoproteins, 246f, |
tation, 200 |
coronary heart disease, |
236, 348 |
chronic renal failure, 110 |
216ff |
apomorphine, 140 |
gout, 250 |
Cushing’s disease, 268 |
apoptosis, 12ff |
phosphate balance, 130 |
estrogens, 276 |
acidosis, 90 |
arthrosis deformans, 262 |
glomeruli, 102 |
immune defense, 45 |
Arthus’ phenomenon, 54 |
hypertension, 210, 212 |
nerve cells, 300 |
ASAT (aspartate aminotrans- |
hypothyroidism, 284 |
Parkinson’s disease, 312 |
ferase), 222 |
lipidoses, 244 |
hyperkinesias, 314 |
asbestos, 48, 74 |
lipoproteins, 247 |
apotransferrin, 38 |
Ascaris, 156 |
obesity, 26 |
appetite, 26, 284, 292 |
ascending reticular activating |
Parkinson’s disease, 312 |
apraxia, 360 |
system, 340ff |
athetosis, 314 |
APRT (adenine phosphori- |
ascites, 170ff, 234 |
athletes, 186, 206 |
bosyl transferase), 250 |
circulatory shock, 230 |
atopic dermatitis, 52 |
aquaporins, 100, 260 |
esophagus, 136 |
atopic individual, 296 |
aqueduct, 356 |
pancreatitis, 160 |
ATP, coronary circulation, 216 |
aqueous humor, 322 |
pericarditis, 228 |
erythrocytes, 30 |
arachidonic acid, 7, 48, 296f |
salt balance, 122 |
esophagus, 136 |
arachnoid villi, 356 |
ascorbic acid, 252 |
hemolytic anemias, 40 |
ARAS (ascending reticular |
aspartate aminotrans- |
hypoxia, 84 |
activating system), 340ff |
ferase, 222 |
tissue repair, 50 |
Silbernagl/Lang, Color Atlas of Pathophysiology © 2000 Thieme
All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.
ATP-binding carrier, |
hypoglycemia, 292 |
basal ganglia, 312f |
blindness, 324 |
multiple sclerosis, 302 |
aphasias, 344 |
atransferrinemia, 252 |
myastheny, 304ff |
depression, 350 |
atresia, 140 |
automatic bladder, 332 |
kernicterus, 356 |
atria, 178ff |
autonomic nervous |
memory, 346 |
antidiuretic hormone, 260 |
system, 332f |
stroke, 360 |
cardiac rhythm, 186 |
diabetes mellitus, 290 |
basal metabolism, 282 |
circulatory shunts, 204 |
hypothyroidism, 284 |
basal nucleus of Meynert, |
mitral stenosis, 194 |
autonomy, heart, 180 |
348 |
pericarditis, 228 |
AV fistula, 206 |
basement membrane, 102ff |
right heart valve |
AV node see atrioventricular |
basilar artery, 360 |
defects, 202 |
node |
basilar membrane, 328 |
salt balance, 122 |
AVD02 see arteriovenous |
basophil granulocytes, 48 |
thromboembolism, 240 |
O2 difference |
Cushing’s disease, 268 |
atrial fibrillation, 186f |
AVP see ADH |
histamine, 294 |
hyperthyroidism, 282 |
awakening, 340 |
peptic ulcer, 146 |
valve defects, 194, 202 |
axillary hair, 272, 276 |
bathmotropism, 182f, 332f |
atrial flutter, 186 |
axon, 302, 306 |
bax, 12 |
atrial gallop, 220 |
axonal transport, 300 |
Bc12, 12ff |
atrial natriuretic factor |
A-β-lipoproteinemia, 247 |
beard, 272 |
see atriopeptin |
|
Becker’s dystrophy, 308 |
atrial pressure, 198 |
B |
Becker’s myotonia, 306 |
atrial septal defect, 194 |
behavior, 352ff |
|
atrial tachycardia, 186 |
|
benzbromarone, 250 |
atrial natriuretic factor, 92 |
B cells, pancreas, 286, 292 |
Bernard-Soulier syn- |
atriopeptin, 122f |
B lymphocytes, 42ff, 58f |
drome, 64 |
adrenocortical hormones, |
B12 see vitamin B12 |
beta cells, 286, 292 |
266 |
B7 protein, 45 |
betaine, 110 |
chronic renal failure, 112 |
Babinski’s sign, 310 |
b-FGF, 348 |
circulatory shock, 232 |
bacteria (microorganisms), |
BFU-E, 32 |
hypertension, 210 |
autoimmune diseases, 56 |
bicarbonate, 86ff, see HCO3– |
salt balance, 122 |
cholelithiasis, 164, 166 |
biglycan, 172 |
signal transmission, 6 |
circulatory shock, 230 |
biguanides, 154 |
atrioventricular node, 180 |
CSF, 356 |
bile, 134f, 164ff |
atrium see atria |
fever, 20 |
cell growth, 2 |
atrophy, 4 |
gastritis, 152 |
copper, 252 |
atropin, 82 |
immune defense, 42ff |
cystic fibrosis, 162 |
auditory association |
inflammation, 48ff |
diarrhea, 150ff |
cortex, 344 |
intestine, 134, 150, 156 |
esophagus, 138 |
auditory cortex, 344 |
liver failure, 118, 174 |
gastritis, 142 |
auscultatory gap, 206 |
nephritis, 106 |
heme synthesis, 254 |
autoantibodies, 52ff, 56f |
obstructive lung disease, |
lipoprotein, 247 |
autocrine, 256 |
76 |
pancreatitis, 158 |
autoimmune diseases, |
pain, 320 |
thyroid hormones, 282 |
48, 56f |
peptic ulcer, 146 |
vomiting, 140 |
adrenocortical hormones, |
valve defect, 194 |
Wilson’s disease, 252 |
266 |
balance, 316, 330 |
bilharziasis, 54, 234 |
androgens, 272 |
balloon dilation, 194 |
bilirubin, 168ff |
antidiuretic hormone, 260 |
barbiturates, 82, 230, 260 |
cholelithiasis, 164 |
cell death, 12 |
Barlow’s syndrome, 196 |
circulatory shock, 232 |
diabetes mellitus, 286 |
barrel chest, 76ff |
CSF, 356 |
esophagus, 138 |
Bartter’s syndrome, 98f, |
erythrocyte, 30 |
gastritis, 142 |
126, 296 |
gastrointestinal tract, 134 |
hyperthyroidism, 280 |
basal forebrain, 346 |
Billroth, 148 |
at
bi
Index
369
Silbernagl/Lang, Color Atlas of Pathophysiology © 2000 Thieme
All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.
bi
br
Index
370
bipolar cells, 324 |
aortic valve defects, 198ff |
tumors, 16 |
bipolar disorder, 350 |
autonomic nervous |
Wilson’s disease, 252 |
bird fancier’s lung, 54 |
system, 332 |
bone conduction, 328 |
birth, 38, 204 |
breathing regulation, 82 |
bone marrow, 28ff |
bisexual gonads, 278 |
circulatory shock, 230ff |
cell growth, 2 |
bitemporal hemianopsia, |
coronary heart disease, |
immune defense, 42f, 50ff |
262, 326 |
218ff |
iron deficiency, 38 |
bladder, 332 |
edemas, 234 |
Lipidoses, 244 |
bleeding, 60ff |
hepatorenal syndrome, |
Botalli, 202 |
atherosclerosis, 238 |
118 |
botulinus toxin, 300, 304 |
cerebral, 310, 338, |
histamine, 294 |
bow-legs, 132 |
342, 356ff |
hypertension (see hyper- |
BPG (bisphosphoglyc- |
circulatory shock, 230ff |
tension), 208ff |
erate), 282, 290 |
erythrocyte, 32 |
hyperthermia, 22ff |
bradycardia, 186ff |
liver failure, 174 |
kidney, 92, 102f, 110, 114ff |
aortic regurgitation, 200 |
malabsorption, 154 |
magnesium, 126 |
cerebral edema, 358 |
pancreatitis, 158 |
pain, 320 |
hyperthermia, 24 |
peptic ulcer, 146 |
pericarditis, 228 |
hypothyroidism, 284 |
portal hypertension, 170 |
portal hypertension, 170 |
obesity, 26 |
blind loop syndrome, |
pregnancy, 116 |
bradykinin, 294ff |
gastrectomy, 148 |
salt balance, 122 |
coronary circulation, 216 |
malabsorption, 152 |
thyroid hormones, 282ff |
edemas, 234 |
blind sight, pupillary |
blood transfusions, |
hemostasis, 60 |
sphincter, 326 |
40, 52, 252 |
hepatorenal syn- |
blind-loop syndrome |
blood vessels see vasodila- |
drome, 118 |
cobalamine, 34 |
tion, vasoconstriction |
inflammation, 48 |
blindness, 322ff |
blood viscosity, 208, |
pain, 320 |
diabetes mellitus, 290 |
232, 290 |
pancreatitis, 158 |
stroke, 360 |
blood volume, 86, 176f |
urinary concentration, 100 |
vasculitis, 240 |
blood brain barrier, |
brain, 298ff |
blister, 24 |
300, 356f |
cell growth, 4 |
blood, 28ff |
breathing regulation, 82 |
circulation, 176, 230 |
blood cells, 28 |
vomiting, 140 |
glycogen storage diseases, |
blood clotting, 28, 60ff |
bloodlettings, 252 |
244 |
bradykinin, 294 |
blot breathing, 82 |
heart failure, 226 |
chronic renal failure, 110 |
blue bloaters, 78 |
hemostasis, 64 |
diabetes mellitus, 290 |
body image, 318 |
hyperoxia, 84 |
liver failure, 174 |
body temperature |
salt balance, 122 |
malabsorption, 154 |
see temperature |
brain stem, 350 |
pain, 320 |
bombesin, 144 |
brain tumor, 16, 212 |
pancreatitis, 158 |
bone, 132f |
branched-chain, amino |
portal hypertension, 170 |
acid-base, 86ff |
acids, 242 |
tumors, 16 |
aging, 18 |
brancher enzyme, 244 |
blood flow, 176ff |
androgens, 272 |
breast-feeding, 38, 152 |
brain, 24, 236, 360f |
calcium, 128 |
breathing see respiration |
coronary circulation, 216 |
Cushing’s disease, 268 |
breathing regulation, 82f |
kidney, 102f |
eicosanoids, 296 |
Broca’s aphasia, 344f, 360 |
malabsorption, 154 |
female sex hormones, 276 |
bronchi, 76ff |
peptic ulcer, 146 |
gout, 250 |
alkalosis, 90 |
schizophrenia, 352 |
kidney, 96 |
autonomic nervous |
blood pressure, 206ff |
magnesium, 126 |
system, 332 |
acidosis, 90 |
phosphate, 130 |
cystic fibrosis, 162 |
adrenocortical hormones, |
somatotropin, 262 |
distribution ab- |
266ff |
thyroid hormones, 282ff |
normalities, 72 |
Silbernagl/Lang, Color Atlas of Pathophysiology © 2000 Thieme
All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.