4. Выражения количества (артикли. Expressions of quantity. Articles)

4.1. Неопределенные местоимения some/any/no и их производные (Some/ any/ no and their derivatives)

Неопределенные местоимения обозначают некоторое количество:

some	any
1. в утвердительных предложениях e.g. I’d like some sugar.	1. в утвердительных предложениях в значении ‘любой, не важно какой’ e.g. You may take any book you like.
2. в вопросительных предложениях, если они выражают просьбу или предложение e.g. Can I have some cake? Would you like some tea?	2. в вопросительных и not any в отрицательных предложениях e.g. Is there any sugar in this tea? I didn’t buy any apples.

Местоимение no используется в отрицательных предложениях вместо not any.

e.g. They haven’t got any friends. / They’ve got no friends.

Exercise 1. Дополните предложения местоимениями some/any.

A

1. There are ____ shops in the street.

2. Are there____ pictures in this book?

3. I have ____ flowers in the vase.

4. I see ____ children in the yard.

5. Are there____ new buildings in your street?

6. They didn’t bring ____ books from the library.

7. Have you got ____ time to help me?

8. I haven’t got ____ money to waste.

B

1. We didn't buy ____ flowers.

2. This evening I'm going out with ____ friends of mine.

3. 'Have you seen ____ good films recently?' 'No, I haven't been to the cinema for ages.'

4. I didn't have ____ money, so I had to borrow ____.

5. Can I have ____ milk in my coffee, please?

6. I was too tired to do ____ work.

7. You can cash these traveller's cheques at ____ bank.

8. Can you give me ____ information about places of interest in the town?

9. With the special tourist train ticket, you can travel on ____ train you like.

10. If there are ____ words you don't understand, use a dictionary.

Exercise 2. Дополните предложения местоимениями some/any/ no. Первое предложение дано в качестве образца.

A: I’m very tired. I haven’t had (1) any sleep.

B: If I were you, I’d go to bed and get (2) ____ sleep.

A: I haven’t got (3) ____ time. I have to do (4) ____ shopping, because there is (5) ____ food left in the fridge.

B: Don’t worry. I’ve got (6) ____ free time. I’ll go shopping, so you can get (7) ____ rest.

Someone / something / somewhere и другие производные

Местоимения someone/ somebody ‘кто-то’, something ‘что-то’, somewhere ‘где-то, куда-то’ используются в утвердительных предложениях.

e.g. There is somebody in the garden.

He lives somewhere near Central Park.

Местоимения anyone/ anybody ‘кто-то’, anything ‘что-то’, anywhere ‘где-то, куда-то’ используются в отрицательных и вопросительных предложениях.

e.g. Is there anything in your bag? There isn’t anything in my bag.

Местоимения no one/ nobody ‘никто’, nothing ‘ничто’, nowhere ‘нигде, никуда’ используются в отрицательных предложениях вместо not anyone/ anybody, not anything, not anywhere.

Сравните: There isn’t anybody in the room.

There is nobody in the room.

	Утвердительное	Вопросительное	Отрицательное
Одушевленные People	someone somebody	anyone anybody	no one / not anyone nobody / not anybody
Неодушевленные Things	something	anything	nothing / not anything
Место Places	somewhere	anywhere	nowhere / not anywhere

Exercise 3. Дополните предложения местоимениями some/any или местоимениями, образованными от них.

A

1. Is ____ here?

2. Stop talking! I can’t hear____.

3. I put my dictionary ____ yesterday and now I can’t find it____.

4. ____ left a magazine in our classroom yesterday.

5. I didn’t see ____ in the street when I went out.

6. I don’t know ____ about it.

7. Is there ____you want to tell me?

8. ____strange is going on. I can’t understand____.

9. There was hardly ____ on the beach. It was almost deserted.

10. 'Do you live ____ near Jim?' 'No, he lives in another part of town.'

11. I was too surprised to say ____ .

12. There's ____ at the door. Can you go and see who it is?

B

1. Does ____ mind if I open the window?

2. I wasn't feeling hungry, so I didn't eat ____ .

3. You must be hungry. Would you like ____ to eat?

4. Quick, let's go! There's ____ coming and I don't want ____ to see us.

5. Sally was upset about ____ and refused to talk to ____.

6. This machine is very easy to use. ____ can learn to use it in a short time.

7. Has _____ seen my bag? –It’s under the table.

8. I want to eat_____. I’m really very hungry.

9. I’ve made _____tea and _____toasts.

10. I’ll go and buy _____sugar, we don’t have _____ sugar. – Buy_____ cakes, too.

11. She didn’t tell _____about her plans. She disappeared_____.

12. _____ happened last night.

Exercise 4. Выберите правильный ответ.

1. Does ____ know where Peter is?

A anyone B someone C anywhere

2. It’s very dark in here. I can’t see ____.

A any B nothing C anything

3. I’m going to buy ____ oranges.

A no B any C some

4. ‘Who was at the door?’ ‘____.’

A No one B Something C Anyone

5. There is ____ milk left in the fridge.

A not B no C any

6. I’m bored. There is ____ to do here.

A something B anything C nothing

7. Please can I have ____ water?

A some B any C no

8. There’s ____ at the door. Go and open it.

A somebody B nobody C anybody

9. I’m afraid there is ____ tea left.

A some B any C no

10. I must buy ____ for Pam’s birthday.

A nothing B anything C something

Местоимения anyone/ anybody, anything, и наречие anywhere в утвердительных предложениях переводятся иначе: anyone/ anybody ‘любой, не важно кто’, anything ‘всё, что угодно’, anywhere ‘где-нибудь, где угодно, не важно где; куда-нибудь, куда угодно, не важно куда’.

e.g. You can call me any time you like. – Ты можешь звонить мне в любое время.

Anyone/ Anybody can go to the new sport centre. – Любой может пойти в новый спортивный центр.

You can ask anything you want. – Можешь просить всё, что хочешь.

We can go anywhere you wish. – Мы можем пойти туда, куда ты хочешь.

Exercise 5. Дополните предложения словами any, anyone/ anybody, anything, anywhere.

1. A: What time do you want dinner?

B: Oh, ____ time you like.

2. A: What shall I wear for the party?

B: Wear ____ you like. It’s up to you.

3. A: When can we meet for lunch?

B: Oh, ____ day next week. I haven’t made any plans.

4. A: Where can I find this magazine?

B: At ____ any shop in the town centre.

5. A: Where shall we go for our holidays?

B: ____, as long as it’s hot!

6. A: Who can drive the company car?

B: ____ who has a driver’s license.