- •Рецензенты:
- •Предисловие
- •1. Имя существительное (the noun)
- •1.1. Имя существительное (the Noun)
- •1.2. Род имен существительных (Gender)
- •1.3. Образование единственного и множественного числа (Singular and Plural)
- •Особые случаи образования множественного числа
- •1.4. Падежи имен существительных (Cases)
- •Общий падеж
- •Притяжательный падеж
- •1.5. Артикль (the Article)
- •2. Местоимение (the pronoun)
- •2.1. Личные местоимения (Personal Pronouns)
- •2.2. Притяжательные местоимения (Possessive Pronouns)
- •2.3. Возвратные местоимения (Reflexive Pronouns)
- •3. Выражения количества (the expressions of quantity)
- •3.1. Неопределенные местоимения some/ any и их производные (Some / Any and their Derivatives)
- •3.2. Неопределенные местоимения much /many /a lot /lots of /(a) few /(a) little
- •4. Порядок слов в предложении (word order)
- •4.1. Повествовательные предложения (Declarative Sentences)
- •4.2. Вопросительные предложения (Interrogative Sentences)
- •5. Глагол (the verb)
- •5.2. Глагол to be
- •5.3. Оборот there be
- •5.4. Глагол to have/ have got Глагол to have/ have got многозначен. Он может употребляться:
- •Глагол to have got в Present Simple
- •5.5. Простые времена (Present, Past, Future Simple)
- •Неправильные глаголы. Irregular Verbs.
- •5.10. Настоящее длительное время (Present Continuous / Progressive Tense)
- •Повторение (revision)
- •5.11. Настоящее перфектное время (Present Perfect Tense)
- •Повторение (revision)
- •6. Modal verbs (модальные глаголы)
- •6.1. Модальные глаголы и их эквиваленты (Modal Verbs and their еquivalents)
- •6.2. Модальные глаголы, их перевод. Образование утвердительной, отрицательной и вопросительной формы
- •7. Степени сравнения прилагательных (the degrees of comparison)
- •7.2. Образование степеней сравнения (the Degrees of Comparison)
- •8. Наречие (the adverb)
- •8.2. Образование наречий (the Formation of Adverbs)
- •8.3. Место наречия в предложении (the Place of Adverbs in a Sentence)
- •8.4. Cтепени сравнения наречий (the Degrees of Comparison)
- •9. Числительные ( the numerals)
- •9.2. Виды числительных. Правила образования.Чтение
- •1) Количественные: (1-12)
- •9.3. Дроби
- •9.4. Счет
- •9.5. Чтение некоторых числительных
- •1. Порядок слов. Вопросы (word order. Questions)
- •1.2. Вопросительные предложения (Interrogative Sentences)
- •Вопросительные слова.
- •1.2.2. Вопросы к подлежащему/ дополнению (Subject / Object questions)
- •2. Настоящее время (present tenses)
- •2.1. Настоящее простое (Present Simple) используется для выражения:
- •Формы настоящего простого времени
- •2.2. Настоящее продолженное время (Present Continuous) используется для выражения:
- •1) Действия, происходящего в данный момент: e.G. They are playing football in the garden.
- •Формы настоящего продолженного времени.
- •3. Прошедшее время (past tenses)
- •Формы простого прошедшего времени:
- •Формы прошедшего продолженного времени:
- •4. Выражения количества (артикли. Expressions of quantity. Articles)
- •4.1. Неопределенные местоимения some/any/no и их производные (Some/ any/ no and their derivatives)
- •4.1.1. Every и его производные (Every and its derivatives)
- •4.2. Артикли (Articles)
- •5.2. Некоторые случаи употребления -ing –формы.
- •5.3. Способы выражения будущего времени (Future forms)
- •6. Степени сравнения прилагательных (degrees of comparison)
- •6.2. Степени сравнения имён прилагательных (the Degrees of Comparison)
- •7. Настоящее завершенное (present perfect)
- •8. Модальные глаголы (modal verbs)
- •9. Сложноподчиненные предложения с придаточными времени и условия (time clauses. First conditional)
- •10. Конструкция used to. Функции инфинитива (used to. Functions of the infinitive)
- •10.1. Конструкция Used to описывает действия, чувства и состояния, которые были привычными и повторяющимися в прошлом, но не свойственные в настоящем.
- •10.2. Функции инфинитива (Functions of the Infinitive)
- •11. Страдательный залог (passives)
- •12. Условные предложения (second conditional)
- •Условные предложения первого типа.
- •Условные предложения второго типа.
- •13. Настоящее завершённо-продолженное время (present perfect continous tense)
- •14. Прошедшее завершенное время. Косвенная речь (past perfect tense. Reported speech)
- •Библиографический список
- •344091, Г. Ростов-на-Дону, Пр. Стачки, 200/1. Тел. (863) 2478051.
Формы прошедшего продолженного времени:
Утвердительная форма +
|
I He was reading when he came. She It |
You We were reading when he came. They |
|
Вопросительная форма ?
|
I he Was she reading when he came ? it |
you Were we reading when he came ? they |
|
Отрицательная форма -
|
I He She was not (wasn’t) reading when he came. It |
You We were reading (weren’t) when he came. They |
Возможные указатели времени –– at 7 o’clock yesterday, at that moment, from 5 till 6 yesterday,the whole day/ evening yesterday и т.д. Придаточные предложения с Past Continuous обычно вводятся союзом while ‘в то время как’, ‘пока’, а так же when ‘когда’: e.g. When mother came home, the children were watching TV.
Exercise 11. Перепишите предложения в Past Continuous, изменив показатели времени.
e.g. I am watching TV now. – I was watching TV the whole day yesterday.
1. I am writing an English exercise at the moment.
2. My little sister is sleeping now.
3. My friends are not doing their homework at the moment.
4. They are playing volleyball in the garden now.
5. What are you doing? – I am having lunch.
6. Why isn’t she eating? –She is keeping to a diet these days.
7. I am listening to music at the moment.
8. We are working hard this week.
Exercise 12. Анна и Питер вчера сдавали экзамен. Анна сдала успешно, а Питер – нет. Что же делал Питер вчера, пока (while) Анна готовилась к экзамену? Составьте предложения в Past Continuous.
e.g. Ann/ work/ in the library/ Pete/ listen/ to/ the records –– While Ann was working in the library, Pete was listening to the records.
1. Ann/ attend a lecture/ Pete/ walk along the streets.
2. She/ read a textbook/ Pete/play/ computer games.
3. Ann/ learn the terms/ Pete and his friends/ play football.
4. Ann/ gather information for a report/ Pete and his girl friend/ sit in a café.
5. She/ do sums/ he/ sleep.
Exercise 13. Мистер Браун вернулся вчера рано. Составьте предложения в Past Continuous о том, что делала его семья в тот момент, когда он вернулся.
When father came home yesterday…
e.g. Robert/not sit at home/take the dog for a walk. –– When father came home yesterday Robert wasn’t sitting at home. He was taking the dog for a walk.
1. Jane/ not watch a film on TV/ clear up the mess.
2. The twins/ not listen to music/ do the washing up.
3. His wife/ not cook a meal/ read magazines.
4. Granny/ not talk to her friend on the phone/ have a shower.
5. Amy/ not put on make-up/ try on a new dress.
Exercise 14. Закончите предложения в Past Continuous.
1. Tom burnt his hand while he …
2. The doorbell rang while I…
3. We saw an accident while we …
4. Mary fell asleep while she …
5. The television was on but nobody …
Exercise 15. Раскройте скобки, поставив глаголы в правильную форму в Past Simple, Past Continuous.
A
1. I ____ (play) computer games yesterday.
2. I ____ (play) computer games from 5 till 7 yesterday.
3. What ____ Nick ____ (do) when you came to his place?
4. What ____he ____ (do) yesterday? – He ____ (read).
5. My brother ____ (not/ play) tennis yesterday. He ___ (play) tennis the whole day last Sunday.
6. When he ____ (come) to my place, I ____ (cook) dinner. Then we ___ (eat) it and ____ (drink) tea.
7. When we ____ (be) in the country last summer, we ____ (go) to the wood one day.
8. When I ____ (come) home after work yesterday, my sister (sleep).
9. He ____ (think) about his plan, when he ____ (fall) asleep.
B
Last night a friend of mine ____ (1.celebrate) his birthday. When I ____ (2. arrive), I ____ (3. see) that his flat ____ (4. be) full of guests. I ____ (5. enter) the sitting room. Some boys and girls ____ (6. dance). Several guests ____ (7. sing) a merry song and the host ____ (8. play) the piano. A group of girls ____ (9. listen) to music and other people ____ (10. watch) TV. The guests ____ (11. enjoy) the feast when I left. I had a very good time last night.
C
1. ‘____ you ____ (go) shopping last Saturday?’ ‘Yes, I ____ and I ____(buy) all the things you told me to buy.’
2. Jane ____ (do) shopping while I ____ (clear) up the mess in our room.
3. ‘___ you ____ (play) football yesterday?’ ‘No, we ___ not. It ___ (rain) the whole day yesterday.’
4. We ____ (play) football when a thunderstorm ____ (begin).
5. When I ____ (take) the dog out yesterday evening, I ____ (meet) an old friend of mine. He ____ (hurry) to his sports club.
6. ‘When ____ your brother ____ (come) home last Thursday?’ –– ‘He ____ (not come) on Thursday. He ____ (stay) in the country.’
7. When Tim ____ (return) home at 7 o’clock last Friday he ____ (fall) over and ____ (break) his leg.
8. ‘____ you ____(visit) your grandma last weekend?’ ‘No, I ____ not. I ____ (revise) for my exam.’
9. We ____ (stay) with our grandma when her American guests ____ (arrive).
10. Yesterday at one o’clock I ____ (have) lunch at the canteen. My friends ____ (come) up to me, when I ____ (eat) salad. I ____ (invite) them to the table and we ____ (continue) lunch together.
11. Last week while I ____(drive) home I ____ (see) two little boys. They ____ (look for) something and ____ (cry). I ____ (stop) and ____ (help) them to find the key they had lost. They ____ (be) happy and ____ (thank) me.
D
1. ‘What ____ (you/ do) this time yesterday?’ ‘____ (I/be) asleep.’
2. ‘____ (you/ go) out last night?’ ‘No, ____ (I/be) too tired.’
3. ‘____ (Carol/ be) at the party last night?’ ‘Yes, ___ (she/ wear) a really nice dress.’
4. How fast ____ (you/ drive) when the accident ____ (happen)?
5. John ____ (take) a photograph of me while I ____ (not/ look).
6. ____ (we/ be) in a very difficult position. We ____ (not/ know) what to do.
7. I haven’t seen Alan for ages. When I last ____ (see) him, he ___ (try) to find a job in London.
8. I ____ (walk) along the street when suddenly I ____ (hear) footsteps behind me. Somebody ____ (follow) me. I was frightened and I ____ (start) to run.
9. When I was young, I ____ (want) to be a bus driver.
Exercise 16. Раскройте скобки, поставив глагол в правильном времени: Present Simple, Present Continuous, Past Simple, Past Continuous.
1. I ____ (fall) and ____ (hurt) myself while I ____ (play) basketball.
2. ‘What is that noise?’ ‘James ____ (repair) his bike at the moment.’
3. He ____ (clean) the windows when the telephone ____ (ring).
4. ‘____ (be) you busy?’ ‘No, what ____ (you/ want) me to do?’
5. Sally is a nurse. She usually ____ (work) at night. But she ____ (not/ work) yesterday. It ____ (be) her day off.
6. He ____ (read) a book when his mother ____ (call) him.
7. Where ____ (Kate/ go) when you ____ (meet) her yesterday?
Exercise 17. Исправьте ошибки.
1. Simon was washing the car while the fire started.
2. Agatha was opening the door and walked into the house.
3. We were having lunch at a lovely restaurant every day when we were on holiday.
4. Brien drank tea at five o’clock yesterday afternoon.
5. Dad was repairing the TV while Mum cooked dinner.
6. I was going to the cinema last Saturday.
7. We were all danced at George’s house when his parents arrived home.
8. I was buying a new dress for my party yesterday.
9. While Jeff builds the garden shed, he hurt himself.
10. While the teacher were speaking, the students were listening to him.
Exercise 18. Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык.
1. В комнате было так холодно утром, что мне не хотелось вставать.
2. Когда гости приехали, она приготовила обед.
3. Она готовила обед, когда приехали гости.
4. Я поздоровался с ним, но он ничего не ответил, потому что смотрел телевизор.
5. Все веселились, когда неожиданно прибыли незваные гости.
6. Пока она ходила по магазинам сегодня утром, она потеряла кошелек.
7. Мы ходили на прогулку в парк вчера вечером и видели много снега.
8. ‘Что вы делали на выходных?’ ‘Мы ездили за город и катались на лыжах.’
9. Он родился в Канаде в 1990 году, но вырос в России.
10. Женщина не видела лиц грабителей, потому что в тот момент на них были надеты маски.
