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Exercises

1. Answer the following questions.

  1. How many legal systems actually are there in the UK? Where does English apply? What law applies in Northern Ireland?

  2. What is the difference between common law and civil law?

3) What significant changes occur in UK legal system in october 2009?

4) What courts does the Supreme Court of England and Wales comprise? What courts deal with

civil and criminal cases? Does the Northern Ireland Courts follow a different pattern?

5) What are the chief courts within the legal system of Scotland?

6) What is the highest court of appeal for several independent Commonwealth countries? What

cases does it hear?

  1. What cases are heard in the Asylum and Immigration Tribunal? What kind of jurisdiction

do the Employment tribunals have?

  1. Where can civil cases for minor claims be heard? What are the constituents of the High Court? What court should be appealed if the claimant is dissatisfied with the ruling of the County Court?

  2. What claims are supposed to be dealt with in the Queen's Bench Division?

11) What did the Constitutional Reform Act 2005 provide for?

12) Where can a criminal case be heard? Whar cases are heard in the Crown Court? Where do defendants appeal in case of miscarriages of justice?

2. Match the names of the courts within uk Legal System with their jurisdictions.

Type of court

Jurisdiction

  1. Judicial Committee of the Privy Council

  1. the second most senior court in the English legal system, with only the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom above it. The Master of the Rolls8 presides over the Civil Division, with the Lord Chief Justice9 as his counterpart in the Criminal Division.

  1. Court of Appeal of England and Wales

  1. hears most civil appeals from decisions of the High Court and many from County Courts, as well as from certain tribunals, including: the Asylum and Immigration Tribunal. And the Employment Appeal Tribunal

  1. Civil Division (of the Court of Appeal of England and Wales)

  1. deals at first instance with all high value and high importance cases, and also has a supervisory jurisdiction over all subordinate courts and many (but not all) tribunals.

  1. Criminal Division (of the Court of Appeal of England and Wales)

  1. has jurisdiction over appeals by the defendant against conviction or sentence given at a trial on indictment in the Crown Court; on a point of law after an acquittal on indictment, against unduly lenient sentences etc.

  1. High Court of Justice

  1. court of last resort for several independent Commonwealth countries, the UK overseas territories, and the British Crown dependencies

  1. Crown Court of England and Wales

  1. deals with business law, trusts law, probate law, and land law in relation to issues of equity. It has specialist courts (the Patents Court and the Companies Court) which deal with intellectual property and company law matters respectively. All tax appeals are assigned to this Division.

  1. Queen's Bench Division of the High Court

  1. formerly known as a police court, is the lowest level of court in England and Wales .

This court is presided over by the Bench

consisting of two or more (most commonly three) justices of the peace or by a district judge, and dispenses summary justice10.

  1. Chancery Division11 of the High Court

  1. carries out four principal types of activity: appeals from decisions of magistrates; sentencing of defendants committed from magistrates’ courts, jury trials, and the sentencing of those who are convicted in the Crown Court, either after trial or on pleading guilty.

  1. Family Division of the High Court

  1. the main trial courts of the civil justice system in England and Wales.Deal with the majority of civil cases, as well as some family and bankruptcy hearings.

  1. Divisional Court of the High Court

  1. in relation to the High Court of Justice of England and Wales, means a court sitting with at least two judges. Matters heard by such a court include all criminal cases in the High Court (including appeals from magistrates' courts)

  1. County courts

  1. deals with matters such as divorce, children, probate12 and medical treatment

  1. Magistrate Courts

  1. claims for damages in respect of personal injury, damges of negligence, damages of libel and slander