- •Vocabulary list 3. The Judicial Systems of the usa and the uk. Legal Issues. 4
- •Unit 3 . Us ans uk judicial systems. Legal issues
- •Vocabulary list 3. The Judicial Systems of the usa and the uk. Legal Issues.
- •Lesson 6. Us legal system. Crime and criminals(1) Before you start
- •Reading for vocabulary 6. Us legal system
- •Exercises
- •1. Find equivalents of the following.
- •2. Give as many synonyms as you can.
- •3. Translate into English
- •4. Translate the underlined passage. Writing IV.
- •Types of crime Vocabulary (1) listening V.
- •2. Listen to the record and answer the question to these crime news reports.
- •Offences against law (1)
- •Crimes and Criminals (1)
- •Translate and learn vocabulary of the first column from.
- •Match definitions and the crimes. Mind the definitions are unjumbled in parts,
- •Write the name for the criminal who committed this crime and his actions.
- •3. Write what these criminals were suspected of doing/reported to do.
- •4. Which of these crimes can be regarded as felonies? Which of them are misdemeanors? Argue for your viewpoint.
- •5.Arrange these crimes into two groups: violent crimes, property crimes. Writing V.
- •Lesson 7. Uk legal system. Crime and criminals(2) Reading for vocabulary 7. Uk legal system
- •Exercises
- •1. Answer the following questions.
- •2. Match the names of the courts within uk Legal System with their jurisdictions.
- •3. Study the two schemes presenting uk Legal system. Compare a and b which of them promotes better understnding of the point. Why?a) uk Legal System
- •Types of crime Vocabulary (2) listening VI
- •1. Look at these summaries of the crime news and fill in the gaps.
- •2. Listen to the record and answer the question to these crime news reports.
- •Offences against law (2)
- •Crimes and criminals (2)
- •Translate and learn vocabulary of the first column.
- •Match definitions and the crimes. Mind the definitions are unjumbled in parts, not inthe whole list of words.
- •Write the name for the criminal who committed this crime and his actions.
- •3. Write what these criminals were suspected of doing/reported to do.
- •4. Group the crimes mentioned above. You can group together financial and white-collar crime. Writing VI
- •Text translation IV Законодательство сша об организованной преступности
- •Lesson 8 . Legal professions: us police(1). Reading for vocabulary 8. Us Police history
- •Exercises
- •1. Answer the following questions.
- •2. Say what these figures designate in the text.
- •3. Retell the text. Use the following words and expressions:
- •Police Vocabulary (1)
- •1. Study the first part of police vocabulary and translate the words and expressions into Russian.
- •2. Fill the gaps with the words from above.
- •3. Study these questions and statements. Entitle the columns.
- •Informing someone of laws and police procedures
- •Questions from law breakers or suspected criminals
- •Questions police may ask a suspected criminal
- •4. Make use of these sentences and compose and role-play an episode for a movie. Text translation V.
- •Полиция
- •Lesson 9. Legal professions: uk police(2). Reading for vocabulary 9.
- •Uk police history
- •Exercises
- •1. Answer the following questions.
- •4. Fill the gaps in these sentences with some word combinations from the table above:
- •5. Retell the text. Use the following words and expressions:
- •Police Vocabulary 2
- •1. Study the second part of police vocabulary and translate the words and expressions into Russian.
- •2. Fill the gaps with the words from above.
- •Text translation VI.
- •Британская полиция поймала "грабителей века"
- •Lesson 10 . Us and uk courtrooms Reading for vocabulary 10. Us courtroom
- •Exercises
- •1. Find equivalents of the following.
- •2. Study the meaning of the names for legal professions.
- •3. Now speak about the difference in the meaning and the responsibilities of:
- •Writining VII.
- •Listening VII. The Supreme Court of the usa
- •Court Vocabulary
- •1. Study Court Vocabulary and translate the words and expressions into Russian.
- •2. Fill the gaps with the words from above. Part 1
- •3. The Bar. Read the text and guess the words. The number of “- ” is the number of omitted letters.
- •Text translation VII.
- •В зале суда
- •Lesson 11. Punishment: prisons and prisoners
- •Uk punishment
- •Community Sentences
- •Exercises
- •1. Find the equivalents to the following
- •2. Fill the table with names of penitentiaries which deal with these young offenders.
- •3. Transalte theses sentences from Russian into English.
- •4. Translate from Russian into English Types of Punishment Vocabulary
- •1. Study Types of Punishment Vocabulary and translate the words and expressions into Russian.
- •2. Fill the gaps with the words from above.
- •Listening VIII. Death Sentences In u.S. At Their Lowest Level Since 1976
- •Text translation VIII.
- •Российские милиционеры в американской тюрьме
- •Text translation IX.
- •Смертная казнь: вернуть или отменить?
- •Homereading list 3
Lesson 6. Us legal system. Crime and criminals(1) Before you start
-In the most economically developed countries nevertheless one can observe the increase of the criminal rate. What are the main reasons for this in your opinion?
-What are the most typical crimes for the big industrial cities? What are the crimes often reported in Mass Media?
- What is the difference between felony and misdemeanor? What do you consider to be a minor offence or petty crime? Why?
- What crimes bring moral damages to people? Speak on the ones connected with private life.
Reading for vocabulary 6. Us legal system
Before you read think
- What functions are exercised by judicial branch of power?
- How is justice administered in most of the countries?
- Why is it necessary to have special bodies to administer justice officially?
The laws of the United States are a complex tapestry weaving through history, sometimes vague, sometimes specific and often confusing. It's up to the federal judicial system to sort through this web of legislation and decide what is constitutional and what is not.
Landmark Cases of Constitutional Review
The Supreme Court has dispatched some of the most important cases in U.S. history. The case of Marbury v. Madison in 1803 established the concept of judicial review, defining the powers of the Supreme Court itself and setting the precedent for the court to declare acts of Congress unconstitutional.
Dred Scott v. Sanford in 1857 determined that African Americans were not considered citizens and thus were not entitled to the protections afforded to most Americans, though this was later overturned by the 14th Amendment to the Constitution.
The decision in the 1954 case of Brown v. Board of Education abolished racial segregation in public schools. This overturned an 1896 Supreme Court decision, Plessy v. Ferguson, which formalized the long-held practice known as "separate but equal."
Miranda v. Arizona in 1966 required that upon arrest, all suspects must be advised of their rights, particularly the right to remain silent and to consult with an attorney before talking to police. The 1973 Roe v. Wade decision, establishing a woman's right to an abortion, has proven one of the most divisive and controversial decisions, one whose reverberations are still felt.
The Supreme Court At the top of the pyramid is the United States Supreme Court, the highest court in the land and the final stop for any case that has not been settled by a lower court decision. Supreme Court justices-eight associates and one chief justice-are appointed by the president of the United States and confirmed by the U.S. Senate. Justices serve for life or until they choose to step down.
The Supreme Court hears a select number of cases that may have originated either in lower federal courts or in state courts. These cases generally hinge on a question of constitutional or federal law. By tradition, the Court's annual term begins the first Monday in October and ends when its docket of cases is finished.
The Lower Federal Courts
Beneath the Supreme Court are the U.S. Courts of Appeals. There are 94 judicial districts divided into 12 regional circuits, and each circuit has a court of appeals. These courts hear appeals from within their respective districts as well as from federal administrative agencies. The circuit courts also hear appeals in specialized cases such as those involving patent or trademark laws; those decided by the U.S. Court of International Trade, which hears cases involving international trade and customs issues; and those decided by the U.S. Court of Federal Claims, which hears cases involving monetary claims against the United States, disputes over federal contracts, federal claims of eminent domain and other claims against the nation as an entity.
District courts are the trial courts of the U.S. judiciary. Here, unlike in the higher courts, there may be juries who hear cases and render verdicts. These courts hear both civil and criminal cases.
Court of Military Appeals
The Court of Military Appeals hears appeals of military court-martial (when a person who is in the military commits a crime they can be tried and punished by the military courts.)
Court of International Trade
The Court of International Trade hears cases involving appeals of rulings of U.S. Customs offices.
Court of Claims
The Court of Claims hears cases in which the U.S. Government is sued.