- •Table of contents
- •Introduction
- •Theme 1 communication
- •1. Communication Structure. How do people communicate?
- •2. Objectives of communication
- •3. Communication skills
- •4. Channels of communication
- •5. Barriers to Communication
- •6. Success in communication
- •Please engage brain before opening mouth
- •7. Basic forms of communication
- •Verbal Communication
- •8. Communication spheres of translators
- •Reader Theme 2. Intercultural communication
- •1. Culture of communication
- •2. Intercultural communication
- •3. Translators in Cross-Cultural Communication
- •4. Culture and entertainment
- •Theme 3
- •Verbal communication
- •1. Verbal Communication
- •Verbal languages
- •2. Culture of verbal communication
- •Verbal Etiquette
- •3. Semantic and social nature of language
- •Introductions
- •3. Verbal Activities
- •Theme 4 telephoning
- •Introduction. Nowadays, even with e-mail and the Internet, the telephone is still the most common means of communication in business. Telephone is very important in modern business operations.
- •Words are missed
- •Words are misheard
- •The message is misunderstood.
- •Reader. Theme 5. Non-verbal communication
- •4.1. Introduction
- •4.2. Classification of non-verbal communication
- •4.3. Intercultural differences in non-verbal communication
- •4.4. Visiting another country
- •4.5. Professional skills of translators
- •Theme 6 Applying for a job
- •1. Introduction
- •2. The application itself
- •If possible make a photocopy of the blank form before you start. Use this to make a rough copy and then you can be sure that the final version is laid out as neatly as possible.
- •3. Interview
- •4. Translator in a job interview
- •Information to bring to an interview:
- •5. Cross-cultural interviews
- •6. Job interviews in the usa compared with other cultures
- •Reader. Theme 7
- •Interpersonal communication at work
- •1. Interpersonal Communication
- •2. Interpersonal skills
- •3. Communication climate
- •4. Relations and Processes in Workplace
- •5. People in the Office Environment
- •Reader. Theme 8. Meetings
- •1. Introduction
- •2. Types of meetings
- •3. Meeting procedure
- •Place a watch or clock in a prominent position so you are able to keep an eye on the time.
- •4. Chairing meetings
- •5. Duties of members (attendees, participants) at a meeting
- •6. Teleconferencing
- •7. International meetings
- •8. Business etiquette of the translator
- •8. Vocabulary. Meetings
- •Writing an agenda
- •An example of formal minutes
- •Reader Theme 9. Negotiations
- •1. Introduction
- •2. Types of negotiations
- •3. Stages in negotiation
- •4. Cross-cultural negotiations
- •1. The basis of the relationship
- •2. Information at negotiations
- •3. Negotiation styles
- •5. Grammar of diplomacy in negotiations
- •10 Being open to negotiation. The -ing forms.
- •12. Verbs patterns with recommend / suggest /advise
- •Reader. Unit 10. Presentation
- •1. Public communication
- •2. Presentation
- •Translator and presentation
- •3. From the life of famous orators
- •4. Preparation to presentation
- •5. Delivering a presentation
- •6. Language.
- •6. Public Communication in different cultures
- •7. Presentation language
AIf possible make a photocopy of the blank form before you start. Use this to make a rough copy and then you can be sure that the final version is laid out as neatly as possible.
pplication form is a special
document written in a standard layout to
which employers can refer easily. The
application form is the main thing on which the company will base its
decision whether to invite you for interview. It can be also done
online. Remember, you always have to worry about accurate spelling
and punctuation. Fill it out completely and follow all instructions.
Curriculum Vitae is a written list of a person’s qualifications and work experience that they send when looking for a new job. Curriculum vitae is a formal British expression for CV (‘the course of one’s life’). In American English, it is a résumé. CVs are usually short; all the facts are listed on a separate sheet of paper. Most CVs are chronological or functional.
Method of writing a CV:
Order. – Personal details first; then education and experience, and so on; finishing up with the names of referees.
Presentation. – Each piece of information should be written under appropriate headings, with subheadings and columns where necessary. The appearance should be neat and systematic and well spaced out. In this case the information is easy to pick out.
Style. – It is not necessary to write in complete sentences.
Cultural differences. The style of a CV can be especially problematic in an international setting; no hard and fast rules exist. Secondly, CV writing is influenced by level within a company. High-level executives have CVs that look different from workers on the shop floor.
Application letter is a written document giving details about the applicant and is sent with a CV. The application letter does not just repeat the facts of CV but explains and interprets them; it is a fuller text version of CV. The term “application letter” has other synonyms: full application letter, letter of application, accompanying letter, covering letter (Am.Engl.)
An application letter should include:
Name and address of the person to whom the letter is addressed.
A formal application for the position (including job title, reference number, and source of the advertisement, for example, the name and date of the newspaper or magazine);
Reason for your interest in the company or position.
Your main qualifications for the position.
Request for an interview.
Your home and work telephone numbers.
Your application letter should capture the employer’s attention, follow a business letter format. It shows that you can write well, that your experience is relevant to the job; it demonstrates your understanding of and an enthusiasm for the responsibilities of the job.
Summary – applying for a job
Give the organization the information they need in the format they want, but include information which you want to tell them about yourself, providing it is relevant. Present the information in the most perfect way you can. Above all, take time and trouble.
3. Interview
The first major objective of the application process is getting an interview.
An interview is a formal method of exchanging information between people. An interview is a formal, face-to-face meeting at which someone is asked questions in order to find out whether they are suitable for a job or course of study. It is a planned and controlled conversation between two or more people during which both speak and listen from time to time. The major part of the interview (about 95% of a 30-minute interview) is reserved for asking and answering questions, seeking solutions to problems, or trying to persuade the interviewee to accept the idea or product.
Interviewer is a person who asks the questions in an interview. Interviewee is the person who answers the questions in an interview.
Interviews can be divided into two types:
interviews for assessment
interviews for information.
The most common type of interview for assessment is a job interview between an employer and an applicant. The goal of such an interview is to assess a potential employee to see if he/she has the social skills and intelligence suitable for the workplace. Similar interviews are also used for admission to schools or colleges, allotment of grants, performance appraisal, termination and induction.
The second class of interviews are those seeking to gather information about a subject. These types of interview are central to the practices of journalism, instructions, police interrogation, selling.
There are various kinds of job interview: One to One interview, Panel interview, Group interview, Phone interview, Lunch interview.
Interviewing skills are skills in conducting an interview (interviewer) or in being interviewed (interviewee). Interviewing skills will help you to eliminate the problems in getting a job or in recruiting the best candidate. They will give you confidence to succeed in your initial preparation, the job interview itself, and the follow-up procedure.