- •Пояснювальна записка
- •Тематичний план
- •Genesis of personality Lesson 1.
- •An autobiography is the story of one’s life as written by oneself. What Should be Included in an Autobiography
- •S tages of Life
- •2.When I get old.
- •3. Important events in people’s life.
- •Lesson 2.
- •Basic Vocabulary
- •In laws.
- •Different types of family
- •Expressions with “family”
- •It runs in the family
- •British Family Today
- •Lesson 3.
- •1. Basic Vocabulary.
- •2. Getting engaged.
- •3. Before wedding
- •4. People at the wedding.
- •5. The vows.
- •6. The wedding
- •7. They’re happily married.
- •8. When things go wrong
- •9. Discuss these questions:
- •10. A) Read the magazine article.
- •Choose the correct words in these sentences.
- •What does it say about these numbers? Did any of the numbers surprise you?
- •Look at the phrasal verbs in bold in the article. Match them to their meaning 1-10. Write the infinitive of the verb.
- •General Appearance
- •He’s quite a big guy.
- •A small, slim, blue-eyed blonde.
- •D istinguishing features.
- •Hairstyles
- •Face – distinguishing features
- •Skin colour.
- •8 A. Read the newspaper article: Body image concerns more men than women
- •Lesson 5.
- •Describing character
- •Positive or negative comments
- •He’s always doing that
- •Opposites
- •Types of people
- •He’s far too modest
- •She can be a bit moody.
- •8. Negative prefixes
- •9 . Read the text below. Match choices (a-h) to (1-5). There are three choices you don’t need to use. Overcoming shyness
- •Lesson 6.
- •Look at the pictures below. Do these children have the rights that are identified in the Convention on the Rights of the Child as outlined in the box?
- •2 .Fill in the text with the proper words:
- •Children's Rights
- •Song Time
- •Concrete Angel (Martina Mcbride)
- •4 . Read the text below. For questions (1-5) choose the correct answer (a, b, c, or d). Un Marks 20 Years of Convention on Rights of the Child
- •Responsibilities
- •Lesson 7.
- •Basic Vocabulary
- •Babies and children
- •Basic vocabulary
- •Childhood memories
- •Good or bad behavior
- •7 . Read the text. Fill in the blanks with the words below. Kids, tens and parents
- •Lesson 8.
- •Look at the following painting and read the quotation.
- •5 . Read the text below. Match choices (a-h) to (1-5). There are three choices you do not need to use. How to Have a good relationship with your parents
- •Lesson 9.
- •He’s my best friend
- •Other words for friend.
- •Making friends
- •Why people are friends
- •Two frogs (1)
- •Selfish frienship (2)
- •Two friends and the Bear (3)
- •6. Song Time
- •Problems in a friendship
- •Lesson 10.
- •2 . Reading Skills.
- •Label the pictures:
- •Reading.
- •Lesson 11.
- •Find out who says the following:
- •Answer the questions:
- •5. Song time.
- •Lesson 12.
- •Doing, playing and collecting.
- •Different games
- •3. Playing games.
- •4. Gambling.
- •Hobbies.
- •Prepositions
- •Interests
- •Writing
- •Monopoly
- •1. Social activities
- •2. Outdoor activities
- •3. Related vocabulary
- •4. Leisure Time activities.
- •5. Leisure Skills Secret Code Activity
- •6. Rhyme Time
- •Leisure
- •Lesson 14.
- •Theatre vs. Cinema.
- •Theatre.
- •Theatre and cinema vocabulary
- •Parts of a theatre.
- •Indicate in the picture below the listed parts of a theater. Write the correct numbers next to the name of each part.
- •Parts of a theatre.
- •Parts of a stage.
- •People in a play.
- •Theatre.
- •In the Cinema
- •Read the text and do the exercises:
- •L esson 15.
- •Look at the film posters. Have you seen any of these films?
- •Try to put the films in order of preference, even if you haven’t seen them.
- •M atch the pictures to the kinds of films.
- •4. Complete the sentences with these words. Use your dictionary.
- •5. Match the names to the people in the picture and complete the table.
- •7 . Read the film review.
- •8 . Write a review of a film you like and include a picture or a photograph. Use the text as a model. Lesson 16.
- •Types of art
- •2.People in art
- •Reading
- •Fine art
- •L esson 17.
- •Instruments of the orchestra
- •Classical music
- •Making Music
- •4. Music on paper
- •Read the story. A Catchy Little Tune
- •6. Music.
- •Lesson 18.
- •1. What kind of music do you like?
- •2. A rock band
- •3. Talking about bands
- •4. Talking about recordings
- •6 . Read the text: Kurt Cobain
- •6 A. Say whether you think the following statements are true (t) or false (f)?
- •6 B. Fill the gaps below to complete the crossword and reveal the three words that make up the title of one of Nirvana’s most famous songs
- •Lesson 19.
- •Speaking
- •Reading
- •V ocabulary: Music
- •Music quiz
- •5 . Reading
- •Lesson 20.
- •Reading
- •The Artist’s Sketchbook
- •Vocabulary
- •2. Kinds of paintings.
- •3. Different styles in painting
- •4. Paintings
- •Match the underlined words in task b with the definitions.
- •5. Mystery painting.
- •6. Shape of paintings
- •Lesson 21.
- •Reading
- •What Is a “Masterpiece”?
- •Painting.
- •3 . Reading
- •Mona Lisa
- •Masterpieces.
- •L esson 22.
- •Other creative works.
- •2 . Reading
- •The Art Museum: Workers Behind the Scenes
- •3. Art gallery
- •4. Putting on an exhibition
- •Art Gallery
- •L esson 23.
- •Speaking
- •More extreme activities
- •R eading
- •Parkour
- •Is the ultimate extreme sport!
- •Reading
- •Extreme sports
- •1. Tiny 2. Ugliness 3. Failure 4. In your own country 5. Learner l esson 24.
- •V ocabulary
- •Fighting sports
- •Tennis and golf
- •If you play tennis or golf, and you do not know these words, check them in your dictionary:
- •What’s the sport?
- •What’s the sport?
- •Reading
- •Lesson 25.
- •Vocabulary
- •Ball games and equipment
- •Things you can do with a ball
- •Places and people
- •Ball games
- •Sports equipment
- •Games, people and places
- •Equipment
- •Where you play
- •H orse riding
- •R eading
- •Basketball
- •13. Swimming
- •L esson 26.
- •Basic vocabulary
- •Players’ positions
- •Around the pitch
- •4. Soccer
- •5. Reading
- •6 . Soccer
- •Lesson 27. F orms of transport
- •On land
- •On water
- •Collocations
- •Reading
- •L esson 28.
- •Useful words and expressions
- •Situation
- •Hotel accomodation
- •7. People in a hotel
- •8 . Reading
- •Hotel problems
- •L esson 29.
- •Air travel
- •B asic vocabulary
- •D epartures
- •The flight
- •Arrival
- •Vocabulary Exercises
- •Complete the words or phrases below using words from the box:
- •What do you call:
- •Replace the underlined words with another word or phrase.
- •Match a word from the left with a word from the right to form eight compound nouns.
- •Complete the questions.
- •Choose the correct answer.
- •4. Air Travel
- •Airliner
- •Airport announcements
- •Dialogue. Buying a ticket.
- •7. Dialogue. At the check-in desk.
- •8. Air travel
- •L esson 30.
- •C hoosing how to travel.
- •Talking about trains
- •Station announcements
- •Vocabulary exercise
- •Take the Train? Well, Maybe…
- •Buying a ticket
- •L esson 31.
- •Basic vocabulary
- •Practice the reading of the following words and guess their meaning:
- •Check up the meaning of the following verbs:
- •Read the following words and their translation. Try to memorize the vocabulary: customs
- •2 . Reading
- •At the Customs House
- •3. Reading
- •4. Dialogue. Going through the customs.
- •L esson 32.
- •T ravel preferences
- •S eeing the sights
- •3. Countries quiz
- •4 . Reading
- •Lucky escapes
- •Education of a modern man l esson 33
- •III. The educational process has been the subject of much comment by academics and writers. Their observations range from praise to cynicism, mostly the latter.
- •IV. Read and translate the poem
- •2 . Reading
- •Lesson 34. Preschool and school education
- •I n Ukraine
- •Vocabulary
- •School subjects
- •S ubjects
- •Your school career.
- •The school buildings.
- •Remembering your schooldays.
- •Being good or bad at school
- •School staff.
- •R eading
- •Lesson 35.
- •After school.
- •Expenses
- •A student’s week.
- •Talking about your course.
- •Graduating.
- •R eading
- •Post-secondary education in Ukraine
- •Teachers and Students.
- •Lesson 36. Preschool and school education
- •In england and wales
- •The system
- •School timetable
- •Vocabulary practice
- •How much can you remember? Try to answer these questions or complete the sentences:
- •Complete this description of a typical school education in many parts of Britain.
- •True or false? If the sentence is false, change it to make it true, using the space below.
- •Complete the names of eight school subjects from the letters you are given.
- •R eading
- •5. Grading
- •Grading
- •L esson 37.
- •Stages in a person’s education
- •Exams and qualifications
- •Talking about education
- •Vocabulary exercises
- •True or false. Tick () the correct box.
- •The words in the box refer to types of education in Great Britain. Group them according to the age at which people go through them, starting when they are little children.
- •Give a word or phrase that means the following. The first letter of each word is given.
- •5. Education: university
- •Studying at (a british) university
- •School vs. University
- •Vocabulary exercises
- •Complete these definitions of subjects people study at university.
- •What do you call:
- •R eading
- •Oxford University
- •Find the answers to these questions.
- •Look for these words in the text and match them to the correct definition.
- •Lesson 38.
- •1 . Reading
- •Trinity College Dublin: 400 years of history
- •Selecting courses
- •Selecting courses
- •Teachers and studies.
- •Education and money
- •Payment plans
- •Students
- •Students
- •Lesson 39
- •R eading
- •Answer the questions
- •Dialogue: at the library
- •L esson 40.
- •B asic vocabulary
- •R eading
- •Modern means of communication
- •Label the pictures.
- •Which equipment from the box would each of these people use?
- •R eading
- •Gadgets
- •5. Telephone etiquette.
- •L esson 41.
- •Basic vocabulary
- •Operating a computer
- •W hat do people use computers for?
- •Important vocabulary
- •Vocabulary exercises
- •Complete this text about using a computer for word processing.
- •R eading Computers
- •Using a computer
- •Computing verbs
- •Problems with the computers
- •L esson 42.
- •Speaking
- •To be or not to be a netaholic
- •Why people surf the net
- •3. Vocabulary exercises
- •Now use the words to fill in the spaces in these sentences.
- •4. Using the internet
- •R eading
- •Speaking
- •L esson 43.
- •Speaking
- •2 . Reading
- •Read the definitions below. Choose the one which best suites each word in bold in the text
- •S peaking
- •R eading: victims of cyber crimes
- •Safety tips
- •R eading: safety lessons
- •U k children get safety lessons on net predators
- •Find synonyms in the text for the following words:
- •L esson 44.
- •Speaking
- •R eading
- •21St-century love
- •Answer these questions on the text :
- •Laura, Tom, Rob or Sarah? Who says what?
- •R eading
- •Now answer the following questions:
- •Acronyms
- •R eading
- •The future of emailing
- •L esson 45.
- •Reading
- •2. Basic vocabulary
- •L esson 46.
- •International cultural youth exchange
- •R eading
- •W riting
- •Speaking
- •International organisations in need of voluntary work.
- •Project
- •Lesson 47.
- •R eading Read the information. Extra-curricular activities
- •Speaking
- •R eading: raising money for charity
- •P ersonal challenges: moon walk
- •S peaking
- •Reading
- •Why learn languages?
- •Grammar.
- •An exchange semester at nottingham
- •Lesson 48.
- •1.Reading
- •P roject
- •Scouts badges
- •Lesson 49.
- •1 . Speaking
- •2 . Predict
- •3 . Reading
- •What’s better: a dunce or a genuis?
- •Iq scores and population
- •The loneliness of being a genius
- •R eading comprehension
- •Check your predictions
- •Check the Facts
- •V ocabulary work
- •1. Underline the parts of the word that you know. Then guess the meaning of the whole word.
- •How are the following words related?
- •1. Match the meaning with the words
- •Reading Skills
- •5 . Discussion
- •Lesson 50.
- •1. Discussion
- •2 . Reading
- •What’s your opinion of beggars?
- •Discussion
- •Homeless, but not speechless
- •5 . Discussion
- •6 . Language
- •7 . Discussion
- •8 . Project work
- •Lesson 51.
- •1. Vocabulary
- •Areas of work
- •2 . Discussion
- •3 . Vocabulary
- •4. Reading
- •R eading comprehension
- •6 . Reading: choose the right job
- •7 . Vocabulary
- •Lesson 52.
- •1. Vocabulary
- •2 . Predict
- •3 . Reading
- •The internet police
- •An interview with a hurricane hunter
- •Disc jockey
- •R eading comprehension
- •1. Check Your Predictions?
- •2. Check the Facts
- •A nalyze
- •V ocabulary work
- •1. There are several common phrases and idioms in the readings. Can you guess their meanings?
- •2. Is the word naughty in Reading 1 good or bad? Why do you think so?
- •3. Match the words and the meanings.
- •L esson 53.
- •1. Discussion
- •2 . Vocabulary
- •Have you got what it takes?
- •4 . Discussion
- •5 . Predict
- •6 . Reading
- •Get rich or get conned?
- •Your door to wealth and happiness!
- •Don’t delay. Do it today. Success and wealth are waiting for you!
- •R eading comprehension
- •1. Check Your Predictions.
- •2. Check the Facts
- •8 . Asnalyze
- •9 . Discussion
- •Lesson 54.
- •1 . Speaking
- •3. Jobcentre Plus
- •V ocabulary
- •Looking for a job
- •L esson 55.
- •1. Vocabulary
- •1. This is part of Vanessa Mendez’s application form. Notice how she has filled it in.
- •R eading comprehension
- •V ocabulary
- •P ractice
- •Lesson 56.
- •1. Discussion
- •2 . Reading
- •Resumes: fact or fiction?
- •R eading comprehension
- •Vocabulary: employment terms
- •5. Reading: planning and organising a cv
- •1. Work in groups. Decide whether the following statements are true or false.
- •2 . Match these headings to the different parts of Solomon’s cv.
- •6 . Practice
- •L esson 57.
- •1 . Reading
- •2 . Reading comprehension
- •S peaking
- •R eading
- •5 . Speaking
- •6 . Interview rating sheet
- •7 . Most common reasons why people are not hired
- •Social life of a man Lesson 58
- •Reading
- •Invent your way to riches
- •R eading
- •Food inventions
- •S peaking
- •4 .Reading
- •Leonardo da Vinci Man of art. Man of ideas. Man of inventions.
- •P roject
- •R eading
- •A Plastic World
- •L esson 59
- •R eading
- •Discoveries and Inventions
- •Reading
- •B rainstorming
- •R eading
- •Five strangest inventions
- •Alarm Clock That Runs Away from You
- •Washing Machine for Cats and Dogs
- •Self – Performing Business Suit
- •Automobile Burglar Alarm Consisting of a Detection Circuit and a Flamethrower
- •R eading
- •Inventions in electricity
- •L esson 60 Merits and Achievements of prominent Ukrainians
- •1. Brainstorming
- •2 . Think smart!
- •3. Reading
- •Ukrainians in space engineering
- •R eading comprehension
- •Check () the questions you can answer after one reading. Then go back and look for the answers that you are unsure of.
- •Complete the sentences below with appropriate words:
- •Match the words from the column a with the column b:
- •Make the sentences true:
- •L esson 61
- •Vocabulary
- •R eading
- •Science and technology in Ukraine
- •R eading comprehension
- •Match the scientist and the branch of science he worked in.
- •Word search
- •T hink smart
- •R eading
- •The Nobel Foundation. Read the text. Nobel Prizes
- •Circle t for true or f for false for the sentences below.
- •Write the correct question word in each question.
- •D id you know?
- •L esson 62
- •1 . Vocabulary
- •2. Reading
- •3. Reading comprehension
- •4 . Reading comprehension
- •V ocabulary
- •Lesson 63
- •1. Speaking
- •2 . Reading
- •Artistic traditions in ukraine
- •3 . Reading comprehension
- •4 . Vocabulary
- •Museum of art after bohdan and varvara khanenko
- •5 . Reading
- •Art That Tricks the Eye
- •L esson 64
- •Vocabulary
- •R eading
- •Literature of ukraine
- •T hink smart!
- •R eading
- •Vasyl stus
- •T hink about it
- •Match the name of the prominent Ukrainian poet or writer and some facts of his/her biography.
- •L esson 65.
- •1.Vocabulary
- •2 . Reading
- •3 . Readig comprehension
- •Are the following statements true or false? Correct the false sentences.
- •Match the meaning with the words
- •3 . Reading
- •Ukrainian theatre and cinema
- •4. Think about it
- •5 . Reading
- •Shadows of forgotten ancestors
- •Lesson 66.
- •1. Reading
- •R eading comprehension
- •Match the words from the column a with the column b:
- •Find these dates in the text. Say what they are about:
- •R eading
- •Music – the soul of ukraine
- •Think about it.
- •L esson 67.
- •Vocabulary practice
- •Q uestionnaire
- •5. Problems
- •6. Collocations
- •Lesson 68.
- •Warm-up
- •2 . Vocabulary preview
- •3 . Reading
- •4. Reading check
- •Discussion
- •6 . Warm up
- •7. Discussion
- •8 . Vocabulary preview
- •9 . Reading
- •Eat Less, Live Longer?
- •Vocabulary check
- •10. Applying reading skills
- •11. Discussion
- •L esson 69.
- •1. Vocabulary
- •2. Reading
- •3)Read text 3 and text 4 and answer the questions:
- •Find equivalent expressions from text 3:
- •What can happen when inflammables catch fire?
- •R eading
- •4 . Project
- •L esson 70.
- •Vocabulary practice
- •Going to the doctor`s.
- •At the doctor`s.
- •A ccidents.
- •When you come out of the hospital.
- •Specialists.
- •Illnesses and symptoms.
- •Health and medicine.
- •2 . Speaking
- •3 . Reading
- •1. Main Idea
- •Comprehension Questions
- •3. Vocabulary: a word group
- •L esson 71.
- •Discussion
- •Q uestionnaires
- •Drink and you
- •Smoking and you
- •R eading
- •D iscussion
- •V ocabulary 1
- •V ocabulary 2
- •7 . Discussions
- •8 . Discussion
- •9 . Reading
- •154 Tons of rubbish found in spaniard’s home
- •Dozens of dead cats discovered in home of ex-cop
- •Man found dead at home – lizards eating his body
- •1 0. Discussion
- •1 1. Vocabulary
- •1 2. Discussion
- •L esson 72.
- •Discussion
- •2 . Predictions
- •R eading
- •Cocaine: the nineteenth century miracle drug
- •Legal drugs and teenagers
- •Inhalants
- •Reading comprehension
- •C heck your predictions
- •Reading 1
- •Complete the chart about the drugs discussed in Reading 2.
- •V ocabulary
- •L esson 73.
- •1. Reading
- •T rue / false:
- •Synonym match:
- •Phrase match:
- •R eading
- •Cigarette packets to carry gory pictures
- •Crossword puzzle
- •Marijuana Mix-Up
- •P roject
- •L esson 74.
- •Speaking
- •R eading
- •Hiv in the world
- •Treatment
- •Who is most affected?
- •Stopping the epidemic
- •Obstacles
- •D iscussion
- •4 .Language 1
- •D iscussion
- •6. Match the questions and the answers
- •7 . Reading
- •Freddie Mercury Quiz
- •L esson 75.
- •Vocabulary
- •R eading
- •3 . Pre_reading activity
- •R eading
- •The negative effects of mass media, the Internet and the outside world.
- •Media and film quiz
- •Lesson 76.
- •Basic vocabulary
- •2. Kind of tv programme
- •3. Talking about programmes
- •4. Talking about television
- •5 . Reading
- •R eading
- •Soap operas
- •R eading comprehension
- •Lesson 77. R eality tv: would you be a survivor?
- •Discussion
- •Check the columns.
- •2 . Predict
- •Scan the reading and make predictions.
- •Skim the reading to answer these questions.
- •3 . Reading
- •A guide to reality tv
- •R eading comprehension
- •A nalize
- •V ocabulary work
- •Work with a partner. Look back at the reading and try to guess the meaning of these words.
- •Then find among these words the actual meanings.
- •These words contain words that you may know. Underline the familiar words.
- •L esson 78.
- •R eading
- •R eading comprehension
- •Vocabulary
- •L esson 79.
- •S peaking
- •R eading
- •R eading comprehension
- •V ocabulary
- •Verbs in newspaper reports
- •L esson 80.
- •Having a positive body image
- •Література
- •Розділ 1 «Генезис Особистості»
- •Розділ 2 «Освіта Сучасної Людини»
- •Розділ 3 «Суспільне Життя Людини»
L esson 40.
B asic vocabulary
Read the information and make some notes:
Communication may be defined as – "A process of sharing facts, ideas, opinions, thoughts and information through speech, writing, gestures or symbols between two or more persons". This process always containsthe following elements:
Sender – The person who sends the message, also known as the source.
Receiver – The person who receives the message.
Message – Subject matter of communication, which is to be transmitted between sender and receiver. It may contain facts, ideas, feelings or thoughts.
F eedback – Receiver's response or reaction or reply to the message, which is directed towards the sender.
There are various classifications of forms of communication. Basically we can distinguish between two main forms of communication, verbal and non-verbal. When we talk to others or write to them, communication takes place between us. But for such a communication, language is essential. Communication with the help of words, either spoken or written, is known as verbal communication. Similarly when we meet our friends, we shake our hand with them and smile. This is an example of non-verbal communication. Communication without any use of words is called non-verbal communication. It is mostly the body language, which includes: body posture, hand gestures, facial expression,eyescontact and voice.
R eading
Read the passage, then choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D) for questions 1 -7.
Throughout history and in every civilisation, people have felt the need to communicate in secret. In wartime, military secrets need to be transferred securely to commanders without being understood by the enemy. During revolutions, those plotting to overthrow the establishment need to ensure their communications remain undisclosed. The history of secret communication is long and fascinating. World events have changed on many occasions because of secret messages - secrets that were kept and secrets that were not!
There are two ways to communicate in secret - either you conceal the fact that you are sending a message at all, ('steganography') or you obscure the meaning of your message rather than its actual existence ('cryptology'). Steganography is very old. In 440 BC, the Greek ruler, Histiaeus, sent a message to a fellow plotter in a revolt by shaving off the hair of his most loyal slave, tattooing a message on his head, allowing the slave's hair to grow back, then sending him to deliver the message. The slave passed through enemy lines easily since he seemed to be carrying no communication. Another very old form of steganography is invisible ink. Inks made of simple organic materials such as milk or lemon juice, which turn dark when held over a flame, were used as early as the first century AD for very serious communications. During the Second World War, both sides raced to create new secret inks and to find developers for the enemy's inks, although in the end this form of steganography became impractical due to the large amount of communications involved.
Although steganography is a very clever way to communicate in secret, it does have an Achilles heel. If the messenger does not do a particularly good job concealing their message and someone finds it, all its secrets will be immediately revealed. This weakness soon led to the idea of hiding the actual meaning of messages, so that they could not be read, even if they were discovered. The result was the development of cryptology.
Cryptology hides the meaning of messages by using codes. Codes are essentially secret languages. Julius Caesar invented one. He replaced every letter in a word by the letter three places away from it in the alphabet. A was D, B was E, and so on. Later on, any code that used a system of letter replacement such as this was referred to as a 'Caesar code'. Of course, it doesn't take much brain power to figure out most of these codes! Today, code makers devise practically unbreakable codes using highly sophisticated mathematics and computer power.
Are cryptology and steganography used now? Well, you may be surprised to learn that secret communication is a part of everyday life! For example, every time you use your credit card to buy something from a company over the Internet, cryptology is employed. Very complicated codes turn your credit card number into a pile of gibberish that only the retailer can decipher, not anyone else. Steganography is also thriving in the digital world. Secret messages can easily be hidden in email, audio and image files. This is because most digital documents contain useless areas of data, so some of their information can be altered without obvious effect. This is of concern to governments as they fear that criminals may be concealing messages in files sent over the Internet.
One thing is certain - secret communication is still just as much a part of life today as it was millennia ago! 1. Secret communication A. was only used in the past. B. has altered the course of history at times. C. can lead to revolutions or wars. D. was first used by military commanders. 2. In 440 BC, the Greek ruler, Histiaeus A. secretly communicated with the enemy. B. started a revolt by sending a hidden message. C. learnt of a plot through a secret message. D. sent a secret message past the enemy. 3. Invisible ink A. is the oldest form of steganography. B. was used the most effectively during WW2. C. must be made from organic materials. D. can sometimes be made visible with heat. 4. Steganography does not A. have any disadvantages. B. depend on the skill of the messenger. C. hide the meaning of a message. D. pre-date cryptology. 5. 'Caesar Codes' A. were all invented by Julius Caesar. B. only use certain letters of the alphabet. C. are usually quite easy to break. D. use sophisticated mathematics. 6. Internet credit card transactions A. use steganographic techniques. B. are made secure by cryptology. C. make a retailer's job easier. D. are hidden in digital files. 7. Steganography is still used a lot today because A. secret communication is more important than ever before. B. governments use it to send information securely. C. it can help to catch criminals. D. it's easy to hide secret messages in digital documents.