5. Graduating.

Use these words in the situations below:

finals	revising
paper	graduation
deadline	graduate
dissertation	coursework
results	term

1. It’s your last …… at university, isn’t it? – Yes, I’ve already done my oral, so now I’ve got to submit four pieces of ………… . The ……… is next Friday. Then I’ve got to do a 10,000-word ………….. and hand it in by the end of May. Then I can relax.

2. Hi, Susie, I haven’t seen you around much recently. – No, I’ve been at home ……… most nights. I’ve got my ……………. next months. I can’t wait till it’s all over. Can you believe it, we don’t get our ……… until the end of July?

3. Overall, the exams weren’t too bad but the American history ……… was really difficult.

4. It’s my ……….. ceremony next week. I think my parents are looking forward to it more than I am. I don’t think they realize being a ………. doesn’t guarantee you a job like it used to.

6. R eading

Read and translate the text:

Post-secondary education in Ukraine

In Ukraine, as in other developed countries, higher education is one of the main human values.

Since 1992 the whole system of Ukrainian post-secondary education is considered the "higher education" which includes two major educational levels. They are basic higher education and full higher education.

According to the "Law on Education" the higher education is received in high educational institutions of the first, second, third and fourth levels of accreditation on the basis of basic general secondary education or complete secondary education. Also the legislation sets the following educational-qualification levels – junior specialist, bachelor, specialist, master. Bachelor and master degrees are introduced in accordance with Bologna process, in which Ukraine is taking part.

Higher educational institutions in Ukraine are comprised of vocational schools, colleges, institutes, conservatories, academies, universities. They train specialists according to their levels of accreditation:

I level – vocational schools and colleges which train skilled workers and teach junior specialists;

II level – colleges and institutes which teach bachelors, and if need be junior specialists;

III level – institutes, conservatories, academies, universities which teach bachelors and specialists, as well as junior specialists if need be;

IV level – institutes, conservatories, academies, universities which teach bachelors, masters and specialists if need be, as well as candidate of sciences and doctor of sciences.

A fter finishing basic secondary school or "high" school some school-leavers go on to further education. They become applicants for entry. If applicants pass their entrance exams or Independent Government Tests successfully they become students.

As a rule students have to study

• three years to get a junior specialist’s degree,

• four years to get a bachelor's degree,

• five years to get a specialist's degree,

• six years for a master's degree.

Higher educational institutions are headed by Rectors. Vice-rectors are in charge of the academic and scientific work. The Departments (Faculties) are headed by the Deans. There are subdivisions (sub- faculties) within Departments.

Higher educational institutions train undergraduates (who is working for their first degree) and postgraduates (who is studying to get a master’s degree) in one specialization. At the end of each term students have oral examinations. When they pass their final exams successfully they become graduates.

The graduates from post-secondary vocational schools and colleges of the I-st level of accreditation get the educational-qualification level "Junior specialist" and receive a Diploma of Complete Secondary Education. The Diploma confirms a right to employment or the right to continue training in institutions of a higher level. The graduates of the educational-qualification level "Bachelor" receive a Diploma of Basic Higher Education. The graduates of the educational-qualification level "Specialist", "Master" receive a Diploma of Complete Higher Education.

Higher education is either state funded or private. Students that study at state expense receive a standard scholarship if their average marks at the end-of-term exams and differentiated test is at least 4 (in the 5-point grade system); this rule may be different in some universities.

Most universities provide subsidized housing for out-of-city students. Also, it is common for libraries to supply required books for all registered students.

Answer the following questions:

1. What is post-secondary education provided by?

2. What are two educational levels of the higher education?

3. What are four levels of qualification?

4. Which higher educational institutions teach junior specialists?

5. Which higher educational institutions teach bachelor?

6. Which higher educational institutions teach specialists and masters?

7. What is the difference between higher educational institutions of different levels of accreditation?

8. Who can go on to postgraduate education?

9. In what way do students enter the higher educational institution?

10. In what way do students get their degrees?

11. Who are undergraduates and postgraduates?

12. Who can receive Basic Higher Education?

13. Who can get Complete Higher Education?

14. Does everyone can receive a scholarship?

15. Who heads the higher educational institution?

16. Who heads the Departments?

17. What do higher educational institutions provide for out-of-city students?