- •Kiwi identity . Nicholas Tarling, The Essential Pocket Kiwi
- •Inventing national identity
- •Round-table discussion
- •Skinheads in Russia
- •Lamentable as I am at public speaking... By Simon Jenkins, the "Times"
- •Public speaking by Brian MacArthur
- •Oratory techniques 1 (by Michelle Lowe and Ben Graham, abridged)
- •"This was their finest hour"
- •MPs must guard against presidential power
- •I. Answer the questions:
- •II. Paraphrase or explain:
- •III. What means of emphasis are used in the speech?
- •IV. What softening or mitigating devices are used in the speech?
- •V. Talking points
- •Inversion
- •Inversion takes place:
- •Emphatic structures
- •Oratory techniques 2 (by Malcolm Kushner, abridged)
- •1. Material-Based Introduction
- •2. Audience-Centered Introductions
- •Introductory Speech
- •Oratory techniques 3 (by Malcolm Kushner, abridged) The Role of Nonverbal Communication
- •The power of public speaking
- •George Bush's Nomination Acceptance Speech
- •Честное ленинское Апология (in support of) политического косноязычия
- •The gettysburg address abraham lincoln
- •Inauguraladdress
- •Schoolboy politics Bush hits the wrong note at the un
- •A political show
- •Как строили свои речи знаменитые люди
- •If you're a liar, a bully or a cheat, then you too could be a great world leader Tracy McVeigh, the Observer
- •Another kind of leader (by Gloria Borger, us News & World Report)
- •Gladstone — a leader without equal Lord Jenkins assesses the fortunes of Britain's 51 Prime Ministers, the Times.
- •Founding rivalries More like squabbling brothers than "fathers", how did they succeed? (Jay Tolson, us News & World Report, abridged)
- •John adams (1735-1826)
- •Amazing greys (abridged from Punch) Peter Freedman champions the politicians who dare to be dull.
- •Better a tricky dicky than a grey man in a grey suit By John Humphrys, the Sunday Times (abridged)
Как строили свои речи знаменитые люди
Бывший сенатор Альберт Дж. Беверидж написал небольшую, очень полезную книжку, озаглавленную «Искусство говорить публично».
«Оратор должен владеть темой, — пишет этот заслуженный политический деятель. — Это означает, что все факты должны быть собраны, систематизированы, изучены, переварены, причем они должны освещать явление не только с одной стороны, а со всех сторон. Надо быть уверенным в том, что это действительно факты, а не предположения или недосказанные утверждения. Ничего не принимайте на веру.
Поэтому надо проверять и уточнять все данные. Это, безусловно, означает необходимость тщательной исследовательской работы, ну и что из того? Разве вы не намерены информировать, обучать своих сограждан, давать им советы? Разве вы не хотите стать авторитетом?
Собрав и осмыслив факты по тому или иному вопросу, решите для себя, на какой вывод они наталкивают. Тогда ваша речь приобретет оригинальность и силу воздействия — она будет энергичной и неотразимо убедительной. В ней будет отражена ваша личность. Затем изложите свои мысли письменно как можно яснее и логичнее».
► Word List V
Apprenticeship intact reputation
to aspire to high office intercourse
to best an opponent in command of the high moral
ground
to command the attention to invert
to convalesce joust
climax to jeer at
caucus rooms to judge
a clash of intellects junior
to disseminate lamentable at
to disjoin mediocre
to discomfit to nurture a hope
to deliver canned speeches no good at
to degenerate into oratory
to engage an audience propriety
to escape with dignity to politicize
to evince public speaking
epidemic to put a premium on
elocution qualms
enslaved to rousing speech
eloquence to rise in politics
ex officio ripple of laughter
to flourish to refine
forum to reassert
gracious wit rhetoric
to give an address to soar to the rhetorical hights
genuine trite words
to heckle to think on one's feet
to have the right stuff to test the ability
to illiteracy veritable
Unit VI. LEADERS AND LEADERSHIP
Lead-in
THE POLITICAL QUESTIONNAIRE
Think of three most important qualities to describe political leaders whose work you think much of.
1.
2.
3.
Think of three most shameful qualities to describe political leaders whose work you disapprove of.
1.
2.
3.
Compare your list with those of other people in your group. Explain to others why you have listed the qualities in a particular sequence. If your lists differ much, try to negotiate a consensus list positioning the positive and negative qualities from the most important to the least important.
Translate into Russian the following definition of leadership given by the Penguin Dictionary of Politics by David Robertson, 1993.
Leadership is a quality, which in theory signifies the ability of a person or a group of people to persuade others to act by inspiring them and making them believe that a proposed course of action is the correct one.
Political leadership is generally thought to be a desirable property, except when a leader becomes too conscious of his or her position and refuses to acknowledge their accountability to the rank and file of their party or to their electorate. Leadership may, in certain romantic or fascist philosophies, take on a special role, but in normal democratic politics it is seen as a routine feature of the political process.
What qualities usually contribute to success in a political career? Do they show on your consensus list?
Workshop I. TYPES OF LEADERS
Now read the article below and compare the results of your discussion with the following point of view.