31 Навч. Ауд. На різн. Ступ. Сист. Вправ

“The reason why we have two ears and only one mouth is so that we may listen more and talk less”. This is the quotation from Diogenes on the teaching of listening. When we say a person knows the language we first of all mean he understands the language spoken and can speak it himself. To achieve the basic level of listening means: - To understand the speech of a native speaker in everyday situations; To define the topic and the aim of conversation, it contents, it necessary; To apply to the partner with a request; To repeat the phrase, to express himself in another way, to speak slowly, simpler; The ability to understand the speech of the speech of a teacher, classmates, concerning everyday spheres of communication; The ability to understand the text, containing some unknown words.

In real conditions listening takes 40 or 50 % of time at the lesson. Psychological process of listening is anticipation. The aim of the listening is comprehension. Pupils can easily and naturally do this in their own language and they cannot do this in a foreign language when they start learning the language. The teacher should help the pupils by making this work easier and more interesting. This is possible on condition that he will take into consideration three main factors: 1 Linguistic material for listening; 2 The content of the material suggested for listening and comprehension; 3 Conditious in which the material is presented.

These are the techniques the teacher uses for the purpose: 1. The teacher uses the foreign language: a)when giving the class instructions; b)when presenting new language material; c)when checking pupils comprehension; d)when consolidating the material presented; e)when checking pupils assimilation of the language material covered.

2. The teacher uses drills and speech exercises for developing listening comprehension. Drill exercises: Phonetic exercises which will help the teacher to develop his pupils’ ear for English sounds; Lexical exercises which will help the teacher to develop pupils skills in recognizing words; Grammar exercises which help the teacher to develop pupils’ skills in recognizing grammar forms and structures.

The second group of drill exercises: a)exercises which help the pupils to develop their auditory memory; b)exercises which are designed for developing pupils attention; c)exercises which develop pupils’ visual imagination; d)exercises which help the teacher to develop his pupils logical thinking. Teaching listening has several stages Word form stage, phrase stage; Above phrase unity; Whole text.

The teacher uses drills and speech exercises for developing listening comprehension.

Drill exercises:

1. Phonetic exercises which will help the teacher to develop his pupils’ ear for English sounds;

2. Lexical exercises which will help the teacher to develop pupils skills in recognizing words;

3. Grammar exercises which help the teacher to develop pupils’ skills in recognizing grammar forms and structures.

The second group of drill exercises:

a)exercises which help the pupils to develop their auditory memory;

b)exercises which are designed for developing pupils attention;

c)exercises which develop pupils’ visual imagination;

d)exercises which help the teacher to develop his pupils logical thinking.

Good listening exercises:

- provide interesting content; - include listening preparation;

- offer visual support; - encourage whole message listening;

- encourage listening for specific details; - communicative real meaning;

- require listener’s response. (Examples of exercises p.72 – 88 from “TEFL/TESL: Teaching English as a Foreign or Second Language”, Peace Corps.