Заполните пропуски, употребляя модальные глаголы и их эквиваленты:

1.The boat is so small, we…lie down comfortably. 2. When the ship disappeared, the woman cried and cried. She…stop crying. 3. We read a long boring poem at the lesson yesterday and I am glad that we…learn it by heart. 4. You…put your entry into the box last Friday if you wanted to enter the contest. 5. You … think about the future and not about the past. 6. However, if you come from an EEC country and you want to travel to another one, you…worry about visas. 7. The girls look alike, they …be twins. 8. That …be Tom. He said he would be here about now. 9. I…be a hammer than a nail. 10. You…pay more attention to the people around you. 11. You….enter the club without a card. 12. You can stay out late if you like, but you…come home in time. 13. Once or twice we lost our way and…ask a policeman for directions. 14. You…walk around the town late at night. 15. I think you…have told her you were wrong. 16. …I borrow your dictionary? 17. It was so quiet that one …hear a leaf drop. 18. He himself gave me the directions so they …be right. 19. You…come here so early. 20. They won’t…to drive a car until they are eighteen. 21. You….enter the club without a card. 22. You can stay out late if you like, but you…come home in time23. Once or twice we lost our way and…ask a policeman for directions. 24. You…walk around the town late at night. 25. I think you…have told her you were wrong. 26. …I borrow your dictionary 27. It was so quiet that one …hear a leaf drop. 28. He himself gave me the directions so they …be right. 29. You…come here so early.

Вставьте вместо пропусков should, ought to, have to, be to:

1. We have some problems with our grammar, therefore…learn the rules better. 2. My friend is younger than me, so she…finish school in a year. 3. I lost my glasses, so I…go to the doctor and ask for a new ones. 4. I am not American, therefore I…fill out the declaration before landing in the USA. 5. If you don’t want to have any problems with customs, you…obey the law. 6. You are almost late. You…hurry up if you don’t want to miss the lesson. 7. We…to finish the summer term in June. 8. Why…I worry about my exams? I know all the rules and grammar. 9. There’ll be much of work we’ll…to do. 10. You…end the telephone conversations first. 11. You are ill and you …stay in bed for a few days. 12. You…ask if you don’t understand. 13. He… call me at work. 14. She…to say that she was too busy to talk to her friend on the phone. 15. He said … see his mother because she was ill. 16. You shouldn’t have begun if you didn’t have enough time. 17. I think your son… enter this University. 18. He…to lie in bed all day doing nothing and he hates it. 19. He …to try to meet more people. 20. We have some problems with our grammar; therefore…learn the rules better. 21. My friend is younger than me, so she…finish school in a year. 22. I lost my glasses, so I…go to the doctor and ask for new ones. 23. I am not American; therefore I…fill out the declaration before landing in the USA. 24. If you don’t want to have any problems with customs, you…obey the law. 25. You are almost late. You…hurry up if you don’t want to miss the lesson. 26. We…to finish the summer term in June. 27. Why…I worry about my exams? I know all the rules and grammar.

Перефразируйте предложения, используя глаголы should и ought to:

1. It is necessary for you to see a doctor. 2. Why didn’t you call a doctor for her? She needed it.

3. It is important for you to walk regularly. 4. I am sure that your daughter will get this job. 5. Come to see your old parents by all means. 6. Why didn’t you come yesterday? The boy was waiting for you. 7. I think this car is good and not expensive. Buy it! 8. Is there any need to hurry? 9. How could you laugh at his mistakes?

Сделайте предложения вопросительными и отрицательными:

1.She can speak three foreign languages. 2 Ann has to wear glasses for reading. 3. We had to answer a lot of questions at the lesson. 4. The bus can hold forty passengers. 5. We can get a good education in the public schools. 6. He can speak four foreign languages. 7. It may rain tomorrow. 8. He must be my age. 9. You have to trust facts. 9. He could meet with an accident. 10. They don’t have to change the trains. 11. Everybody must know at least one foreign language. 12. Small children are not allowed here. 13. We had to buy some food for the picnic. 14. You shouldn’t tell the truth. 15. You needn’t tell a lie.

Из колонки справа выберите действия, которые, по вашему мнению, вы можете (не можете), должны (не должны) совершить и составьте предложения:

I can I cannot I may I may not I must I must not

to get to work on foot to sleep late on Sunday to have coffee at night to stay at home on weekdays to eat late to be late for classes to come to classes on time to miss lessons to study late at night to smoke to spend much time in the open to go to parties on Saturday to have fun in class to take a shower in the evening to watch TV for hours

Раскройте скобки:

1. All the books (необходимо будет) returned to the library after the term. 2. They were obliged to keep the classroom clean. Why (они будут обязаны) to keep it clean? 3. All the students will have to be given the topics for their tests. What...? 4. They (должны были) have their vocation in July. 5. Ann will (должна будет) to study two languages at the university. 6. The teacher (студенты обязаны дать) a detailed answer to his question.

Дайте краткие утвердительные ответы по образцу:

Образец: Сan you help me? I think I can.

translate the article, buy the tickets, take the children to the park, make a plan, make a report, look up the words in the dictionary

Дайте краткие отрицательные ответы по образцу:

Образец: Can you help me? Sorry, I can’t.

do the flat, cook dinner, make tea, go shopping, cut the dread, put the vegetables into the refrigerator, wash up the dishes, clean the window, air the room, water the flowers, dust the furniture

Закончите разделительные вопросы:

1.The students must work hard,…?

2. You are a good student, …?

3. I am in the classroom,…?

4. He will be glad to see you,…?

5. She can’t speak English well,…?

6. You should not get up early,…?

7. It’s cold,…? 2. You are not ready,…?

8. They speak Japanese,…?

9. She can’t swim,…?

10. They are late,…?

11. The new car looks good,…?

12. You can drive well,…?

13. Henry wasn’t there yesterday, wasn’t he?

14. The grass needs cutting,…?

She doesn’t look like her sister,…?

You won’t tell anybody,…?

Your mother must return in time,…?

Ответьте на вопросы:

1. How many exams will you have to take during your next examination period?

2. Will you have to take a lot of tests in different subjects?

3. How many tests will you have to take?

4. Will you be able to take any of the exams before the examination period?

starts?

5. Which of the examination will be the most difficult for you?

6. When are you to leave the Institute?

Прочитайте и переведите текст 1:

It’s Sunday tomorrow. I usually sit around and do nothing on Sunday. But tomorrow I’m going to do a lot of things. I shan’t waste time. I’ll get up early. Good health is better than wealth. So I’ll start wit the morning exercises. Then there’s housework to do. In the afternoon I’m going to wash my car. It needs washing badly. Then I’ll watch TV or go for a walk. Then Ted may come and see me. Oh better not! Again those cigarettes! I must form good habits: no smoking, a lot of exercises and fresh air.

Where is my alarm-clock? I don’t think I must get up so early. Tomorrow is Sunday. I can stay in bed as long as I like. Now where are my pajamas? I could start my programme on Monday, why be in a hurry? Ah, well, into bed…

Прочитайте и переведите текст 2:

My name is Jennie Long. I am English. England is the name of my homeland and English is my native language.

England is an island state in the west. In fact, it is the name of a big island in the Atlantic. The capital of my homeland is London. It is the centre of the political activity of the state and the centre of bog business. There are lots of banks, big shops and offices in London. About eight million people live in London. It’s a big and lovely city, indeed.

Lots of people come to England daily in winter and in summer. They get to England by sea and by plane. Most of the visitors speak English well. I think English is an easy language to study.

I take language studies at Hull College. I want to become a teacher of Spanish. Students of the college must take two languages. The second language I want to take is Italian. I have an Italian friend. He can help w\me with Italian and I can help him with English.

You can take studies in English, French, Spanish and Italian at Hull College. You can study Swedish too but you cannot take studies in such languages as Chinese, Japanese and Vietnamese.

Переведите предложения на английский язык:

1. Я должна купить цветы сегодня. 2. Мой брат не умеет говорить по-английски. 3. Моя племянница умеет говорить по-французски. 4. Можно я возьму эту книгу? 5. Вы можете показать мне свою работу? 6. Не может быть, что ей сорок лет; она выглядит гораздо моложе. 7. Не может быть, чтобы он забыл прийти. 8. Должно быть, он очень занят. 9. Мне придется идти в магазин. 10. Я не могу найти свои часы. 11. Вы сможете поговорить с ним завтра? 12. Я думаю, вам следует поговорить с ним об этом. 13. Мне пришлось прочитать очень много книг, когда я готовилась к докладу. 14. Лекция должна начаться в 12 часов. 15. Кто должен позаботиться о детях? 16. Мы должны выехать завтра рано утром. 17. Ему следует быть осторожнее и внимательнее. 17. Вам нужно было позвонить ей и извиниться за свою ошибку. 18. Вашему другу следует отправиться немедленно, если вы хотите успеть на поезд. 19. Вы можете добраться до института пешком. 20. Вы должны поесть. 21. Могу ли я взять эту книгу? 22. Они должны встретить нас. 23. Он не может прийти в субботу. 24. Вы можете начинать, все присутствуют. 25. Вы должны проводить много времени на открытом воздухе. 26. Вам не следует так много курить и пить кофе.

Переведите предложения на английский язык:

1. Я не смогу прийти к вам завтра. Я должен буду встретить сестру в аэропорту. Она должна прибыть в 2 часа. 2. Вы получили письмо от своего друга? Да. Я должен написать ему немедленно. 3. Он не принес книгу вчера, и мне пришлось идти к нему домой. 4. Вы смогли включить эти данные в статью? Да. Вы можете прочитать эту статью, если хотите. Я смогу дать вам ее через два дня. 5. Вы должны заполнить этот бланк. 6. Вы должны отправить им письмо-подтверждение. 7. Вам следует встретить жену в аэропорту. 8. Вы не должны говорить по-русски на уроке. 9. Они, должно быть, живут за городом. 10. Они, может быть, живут за городом. 11. Может быть, они живут за городом. 12. Не может быть, что они живут за городом. 13. Он, должно быть, в офисе. 14. Он, должно быть, был в офисе. 15. Он, может быть, в офисе. 16. Может быть, он и в офисе (хотя маловероятно). 17. Не может быть, что он в офисе. 18. Она, должно быть, дома сейчас. 19. Она, должно быть, была дома вчера. 20. Не может быть, что он знает этого писателя.

Тест

Выберите правильный вариант:

3. It costs...lot of money

a. the b. a c. an

4. I’ll be back in...hour and a half.

a. the b. a c. an

5. In summer the children don’t go to...school.

a. the b. an c. -

6. My brother...a lot of English books.

a. have b. has c. Is

7. His father... a famous lawyer.

a. is b. am c. are

8. ...exercises are not easy.

a. this b. it c. these

9. ...is that?

a. when b. where c. what

10. ...flat has two rooms.

a. theirs b. its c. our

11. ...are your parents?

a. why b. who c. whose

12. I have...friends here.

a. many b. much c. little

13. Tom is busy with his lessons. Don’t speak to...

1. his b. her c. him

14. Do you speak...foreign language?

a. some b. any c. every

15. Where...your daughter study?

a. do b. is c. does

16. Does your husband...to watch TV?

a. likes b. liked c. like

17. ...it raining now?

a. does b. is c. was

18. ...it often rain here in autumn?

a. does b. is c. do

19. Are you...to have lunch?

a. go b. to go c. going

20. We are...busy than you.

a. more b. most c. much

21. ...late than never.

a. better b. good c. best

22. When we entered the study, they...the problem.

a. were discussing b. discussed c. has discussed

21. Did you...your holiday in the country?

a. spent b. spends c. spend

22. The conference...already.

a. has begun b. begin c. beginning

22. Many new offices...in that street.

a. build b. built c. were built

22. It is late. I...be off.

1. have b. could c. must

22. ...you play tennis last year?

a. can b. be able c. could

22. This young girl is fond of... .

a. dancing b. dance c. danced

22. If you... me, I shall tell you a lot.

a. meet b. will meet c. met

UNIT 31 NON-FINITE FORMS OF THE VERB

НЕЛИЧНЫЕ ФОРМЫ ГЛАГОЛА

The Infinitive. Инфинитив

Инфинитив (неопределенная форма глагола) представляет собой неличную форму глагола, которая только называет действие, не указывая ни лица, ни числа. Инфинитив отвечает на вопросы что делать? что сделать?:

to go - идти, пройти; to sell - продать, продавать.

Функции инфинитива в предложении