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Negative pronouns отрицательные местоимения

no - никакой, нет

none - никто, ничто, ни один

no one

nothing - ничто, ничего

nobody - никто

neither - ни один, ни тот, ни другой

Nobody knows it. Никто этого не знает.

No one can answer this question. Никто не может ответить на этот вопрос.

I see nothing. Я ничего не вижу.

None of them came. Никто из них не пришел.

Do you know my sister and my brother?

I know neither.

Вы знаете мою сестру и брата?

Я не знаю ни того, ни другого.

В английском предложении может быть только одно отрицание. Сравните:

Nobody understands your words. Никто не понимает ваших слов.

He does not know anything. Он ничего не знает.

Контрольные задания

1. Переведите предложения:

1. Nobody is here to help me. 2. No one can answer this question. 3. I see nothing interesting here. 4. Nobody knows where she is. 5. There is nobody in the room. 6. There is nothing on the shelf. 7. Neither of girls lives in London. 8. Neither of them is English. 9. He has no English lessons today. 10. There is no light in the hall. 11. Don’t worry. This is really nothing. 12. I invited two of my friends but neither came. 13. Both shops are good but neither is expensive. 14. Neither of the boys wants to go to bed. 15. There are many shops in this street but none of them sells books. 16. There are many letters on the desk but none of them is for you. 17. Neither of us is hungry. 18. Do you go home by car or by bus? Neither. I always walk. 19 I have no pets.

2. Вставьте вместо пропусков соответствующие местоимения:

a)

  1. He passed all ... exams.

  2. We like ... school very much.

  3. She likes ... school very much.

  4. What is ... name? My name is Olga.

  5. ... dress is old, I don't like it.

  6. The cat is under the table, ...kittens are there too.

  1. our

  2. my

  3. his

  4. its

  5. your

  6. her

b)

  1. They invited ... to the party. We came there in time.

  2. I see ... every day. He lives not far from my house.

  3. My friend likes his sister. He helps ... with her work.

  4. This man knows ... very well. But I don't know him at all.

  5. I meet ... often at the bus stop, don't you remem­ber?

  1. her

  2. you

  3. him

  4. us

  5. me

  6. it

c)

  1. My dress is old,...is new.

  2. His father is an engineer. (Мой) ... is an artist.

  3. Whose books are these? They are ... (её).

  4. My flat is large, (его) is smaller.

  5. Their parents work at the plant, (наши) work in the hospital.

  6. Our house is comfortable, (их) is beautiful.

  1. hers

  2. his

  3. theirs

  4. mine

  5. ours

  6. yours

d)

  1. Look at ..., my friend, you look so pale!

  2. He is very self-critical (самокритичный). He often criticizes ... .

  3. The moon reflects (отражается) ... in the dark water.

  4. I know...better than you do.

  5. The scientists ... do not understand the problem very well.

  6. Don't help us. We can do it... .

  1. myself

  2. himself

  3. themselves

  4. yourself

  5. itself

  6. ourselves

e)

  1. I see him ... day.

  2. ... are here.

  3. Give me ... example.

  4. He has many ... friends.

  5. Do two exercises. First do this and then ....

  6. ... the flowers at the shop are beautiful.

  7. They ... want to answer this question.

  1. all

  2. other

  3. the other

  4. another

  5. every

Назовите предлоги, которые подходят для следующих словосочетаний и переведите их:

в конце улицы, у окна, у двери, дома, на работе, в школе, ночью, на выходные, в 5.45, в аэропорту, в возрасте пяти лет, в данную минуту, в настоящее время, за работой, на побережье, на автобусной остановке, в полдень, в институте, у стола, по коридору, на дереве, в небе

Прочитайте и переведите предложения с предлогом for:

1. He is tall for his age. 2. Wait for her here for ten minutes. 3. We want to buy a few chairs for our office. 4. I’ve got a present for you. 5. What’s that key for? 6. This box is for old papers and files. 7. He went to Germany for two weeks. 8. Is this train for Moscow? 9. As for me, I’m going home. 10. The doctor gave him some medicines for his cold. 11. Let me do it for you. 12. He’s coming home for Christmas. 13. I haven’t seen you for ages. 14. That’s all for today. 15. France is famous for its wines. 16. They went for a swim yesterday. 17 I bought this book for 6 dollars. 18. He plays hockey for Russia. 19. Are you for or against the proposal? 20. Here’s a letter for you. 21. It’s quite warm for October. 22. 10. She works…a big firm in New York. 23. He is looking for a new secretary. 24. I thank you for the warm reception.

UNIT 8 IMPERATIVE SENTENCES ПОВЕЛИТЕЛЬНЫЕ ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИЯ

Повелительные предложения (Imperative Mood) выражают приказания и просьбы. Для выражения приказания и просьбы употребляется 1 форма глагола, совпадающая с инфинитивом и настоящим временем:

Close the door! Закройте дверь!

Please give me your pen. Дайте мне вашу ручку, пожалуйста.

Отрицательная форма образуется при помощи вспомогательного глагола do и отрицательной частицы not

(сокращенная форма don’t) или never:

Don’t go home! Не ходите домой!

Don’t be late! Не опаздывайте!

Tell him not to go home. Скажите ему, чтобы он не ходил домой.

Try not to be late. Постарайтесь не опаздывать.

Never remember that. Никогда не вспоминайте об этом.

При выражении просьбы в предложении употребляются слова please или will you?

Come in, please. Входите, пожалуйста.

Help me with my English, will you? Помогите мне с английским языком, пожалуйста.

Для усиления просьбы перед утвердительной формой ставится глагол do:

Do come and help me! Пожалуйста, приди и помоги мне!

Для 1-го и 3-го лица в повелительном наклонении употребляется аналитическая форма let - 1 форма глагола (инфинитив без частицы to):

Let me go home. Позвольте мне пойти домой.

Let us (let’s) go home. Давайте пойдем домой.

Let her go home. Пусть она идет домой.

Let him go home. Пусть он идет домой.

Let them go home. Пусть они идут домой.

Отрицательная форма образуется при помощи отрицательной частицы not или dont:

Don’t let him do that! Не разрешайте ему делать это!

Let us not do that. Давайте не будем делать этого.

Задание

Переведите предложения:

1. Pay fifteen dollars, please. 2. Go to Office 10, please. 3. Wait a minute, please. 4. Sign this document, please. 5. Give me your ticket, please. 6. Follow me. 7. Keep the documents and give them to the officials at the airport. 8. Listen to them. They are speaking German. 9. Speak slower, please.

Предлоги

Запомните употребление предлогов в следующих словосочетаниях:

to pay by credit card платить кредитной карточкой

to pay by cheque платить чеком

to pay by installments платить частями, в рассрочку

to pay on delivery платить при доставке

to pay in cash платить наличными

to pay on demand платить по первому требованию

to pay on account платить в счет причитающейся суммы

КОНТРОЛЬНЫЕ ЗАДАНИЯ

1. Переведите предложения:

1. Please give me your file. 2. Pass me some bread, please. 3. Don’t translate that article. 4. Don’t open the door to strangers. 5. Never talk to him. 6. Try not to make so many mistakes. 7. Please don’t walk on the grass! 8. Do be attentive. 9. Let her look for a job. 10. Let him meet his parents at the station. 11. Let us join the tourist group. 12. Let’s cook a cake. 13. Let us not apologize. 14. Please turn off the light. 15. Be quiet. 16. Please tell Jaime to leave the room. 17. Take a shower. 18. Let me take it. 19. Let them come in. 20. Don’t put the flowers into the vase. 21. Be quiet. 21. Be careful. 22. Eat at pleasure, drink with measure.