- •Unit 1 history of aviation
- •1.1 Aviation History
- •1.2.Eurocontrol
- •The Single European Sky
- •Unified Air Traffic Management
- •1.3 Supplementary Reading texts
- •International Civil Aviation Organization (part I)
- •International Civil Aviation Organization (part II)
- •International Standards and Recommended Practices (sarPs)
- •Procedures for Air Navigation Services
- •International Air Transport Association (Iata)
- •1.4 Topics for Discussion
- •Unit 2 air traffic service
- •2.1 Air Traffic Service
- •Icao; sarps; fiRs; ifr; vfr; ats; atc.
- •2.2 How Air Traffic Controllers Operate
- •2.3 English Is the Language of Communication
- •Atc; r/ t; atis; volmet; bbc.
- •2.4 Supplementary Reading texts Language as a Factor in Aviation Incidents and Accidents
- •General and Aviation-Specific English Language Training
- •2.5 Topics for Discussion
- •Unit 3 aircraft types and construction
- •3.1 Principle Structural Units of the Aircraft
- •3.2 Heavy Wide-body Transport Aircraft
- •Aircraft of a New Generation
- •Airbus a330
- •A330 mrtt
- •3.3 Supplementary Reading texts Aircraft – General
- •Vertical and Short take-off and Landing Aircraft
- •3.4 Topics for Discussion
- •Unit 4 airport design
- •4.1 Airport Design
- •4.2 Baggage Carriage
- •4.3 Classification of Air Transportations
- •4.4 Carriage of Dangerous Goods
- •4.5 Airport Vehicles
- •4.6 Landing Area
- •4.7 Taxiways
- •4.8 Supplementary Reading Texts Airport
- •From the History of Hangars
- •Borispil Airport
- •4.9 Topics for Discussion
- •Unit 5 atco’s workload
- •5.1 Atc Centre. Air Traffic Control Specialist
- •Nature of the work
- •Terminal (Tower) Controller
- •Area Control Centre Controller
- •Working conditions
- •Certificate and Rating Requirements
- •Physical Requirements
- •Written test and Interview
- •5.2 Controller’s Automated Workstation
- •5.3 Simulator Training of Aviation Specialists
- •5.4 Supplementary Reading Texts
- •Attenuation
- •Other features
- •5.5 Topics for Discussion
- •Unit 6 human factor
- •6.1 The Meaning of Human Factors
- •6.2 Human Factors Within Systems
- •6.3 Speaking over the Telephone Part I
- •Making an Appointment
- •Being Unable to Keep an Appointment
- •Part II
- •An Applicant’s Passport is not Available
- •Congratulations on a Promotion
- •Booking a Plane Reservation
- •6.4 Controller Proficiency
- •6.5 Supplementary Reading Texts Human Factor
- •Crew Interaction Capability
- •Communication, Navigation and Surveillance /Air Traffic Management Interface
- •Error Management
- •Crew Information Requirements Analysis
- •Training Aids
- •Human Factor and Aviation Safety Problems
- •Los Rodeos Runway Collision
- •Cali b757 Terrain Crash
- •German Midair Collision
- •It's Not All About Accidents
- •My Best Profession
- •An Air Traffic Controller’s Job
- •6.6 Topics for discussion
- •Unit 7 health problems in aviation
- •7.1 Health as One of the Criteria of Air Traffic Controller Professional Selection
- •7.2 Holistic Medicine
- •7.3 Supplementary Reading Texts
- •7.3.1 The Spheres of Health
- •7.3.2 A Country’s Biggest Killer…
- •7.3.3 Stress: is your life a blur?
- •How to avoid hurry sickness and lead a better life
- •7.3.4 Yoga helps to relax
- •7.3.5 Alternative Cure 1 An unusual present
- •7.3.6 Alternative Cure 2 Extreme methods sometimes work
- •7.3.7 Alternative Cure 3 An allergic person’s confession
- •7.3.8 Alternative Cure 4 Macrobiotics as it is
- •7.3.9 Alternative Cure 5 Acupuncture – will it suit you?
- •Modern reflexology
- •7.3.10 The worst pain I have ever had (Four people’s experience)
- •7.4 Topics for Discussion
- •Unit 8 geography
- •8.1 The earth. Volcanoes. Volcano Activity Warning System for Pilots
- •Icao, iavw
- •8.2 The Effects of the Weather on Aviation
- •8.3 Natural Catastrophes
- •8.4 Supplementary Reading Texts The Atmosphere
- •Weather
- •8.5 Topics for Discussion
- •9.1 Transponders Were Switched off to Prevent Aircraft Being Tracked by Air Traffic Control
- •9.2 Status Report
- •Investigation
- •Vor; acc; tcas; stca; uacc; atc
- •9.3 Loss of Separation
- •9.4 Controlled Flight into Terrain
- •9.5 Flight Chaos Across Europe After Air Traffic Control Strikes
- •9.6 Airplane Hijacking
- •9.7 Supplementary Reading texts Flight Security
- •Aviation Security
- •Civil Aviation Security Regulations
- •Civil Aviation Security
- •9.8 Topics for Discussion
- •Unit 10 emergency
- •10.1 Drama as Pilot is Sucked out of Plane at 23.00 ft (The error that could not happen)
- •10.2 Communication Failure
- •10.3 Distress and Urgency Messages
- •10.4. What is a Near-Miss?
- •Ins; ifr; vfr; tcas; ra; ft; km; n; m; fl.
- •10.5 Supplementary Reading Text the search for a legendary fugitive - d.B. Cooper
- •10.6 Topics for Discussion
- •Word list
- •Subject index
- •References
10.2 Communication Failure
Exercise 10.2.1 Read and translate the text.
In case of communication failure the aircraft should proceed to the destination of its cruising flight level, to start descent over the navigation aids as close as possible to the estimated time, and make a normal instrument approach to land within 30 minute from the ETA.
If the aircraft cannot establish communication on the primary frequency, it should try to do that on the secondary and nearly ones and through aircraft - retransmits.
If he is unable to contact again, it means communication failure. The pilot should start his transmissions with the phrase “transmitting blind” and repeat his message twice on the primary and secondary frequencies.
Besides he should tell the frequency he is changing to and time of the next transmission.
The crew should set transponder squawk A-7600 and the controller should get to know the type of the communication failure, switching squawk or turning the aircraft.
Exercise 10.2.2 Answer the questions.
What should the aircraft do in case of communication failure?
What should the aircraft do if it cannot establish communication on the primary frequency?
What does communication failure mean?
What phrase should the pilot start his transmissions in case of communication failure?
What transponder squawk should the crew set?
Exercise 10.2.3 Write T if the sentence is true and F if the sentence is false.
______ In case of communication failure the aircraft should make a normal instrument approach within 30 minutes from the ETD.
______ If the aircraft cannot establish communication on the primary frequency it should try to do it again on this frequency.
______ In case of communication failure the pilot should repeat his message twice.
______ The pilot should tell the frequency he is changing to and the time of the next transmission.
______ The crew should set transponder squawk A-7700.
Exercise 10.2.4 Give the English equivalents for the following.
В случае отказа связи; следовать в пункт назначения; крейсерский эшелон; начать снижение; навигационное средство; расчетное время прибытия; обычный инструментальный заход на посадку; в пределах 30 минут; основная частота; резервная частота; ретранслятор; передаю без ответа; повторить сообщения дважды; время следующей передачи; установить на ответчике сигнал А-7600;тип поломки связи.
Exercise 10.2.5 Find in the text synonyms for the following words and word combinations.
Contact; fly to; landing airdrome; usual; make an attempt; cannot; begin; in addition; airplane.
Exercise 10.2.6 State what part of speech the following words belong to.
1. case |
|
|
|
a) verb |
b) noun |
c) preposition |
d) adverb |
2. cruising |
|
|
|
a) adverb |
b) adjective |
c) noun |
d) verb |
3. normal |
|
|
|
a) verb |
b) adjective |
c) conjunction |
d) noun |
4. transmitting |
|
|
|
a) verb |
b) noun |
c) adjective |
d) adverb |
5. retransmitted |
|
|
|
a) verb |
b) noun |
c) adjective |
d) adverb |
Exercise 10.2.7 Match the words and word combinations in column A with those in column B.
A |
B |
1. establish communication |
a. ретранслятор |
2. retransmitter |
b. дважды |
3. next transmission |
c. кроме того |
4. twice |
d. установить связь |
5. besides |
e. следующая передача |
6. turning the aircraft |
f. разворачивая ВС |
7. get to know |
g. установить код ответчика |
8. set transponder squawk |
h. узнать |
Exercise 10.2.8 Fill in the gaps with the words from the text choosing from the ones given in brackets.
In case of communication failure the aircraft should _______________ (fly, descend, prceed ) to the destination.
The aircraft should start descent over ______________ (communication, destination, navigation) aid.
If the pilot cannot ___________ (contact, communicate, start) again, it means “communication failure”.
The pilot should repeat his message __________ (once, twice, three times).
He should tell the time of his ___________ (last, besides, next) transmission.
Exercise 10.2.9 Fill in the gaps with the related words.
If the aircraft cannot establish __________ (COMMUNICATE) on the primary frequency, it should try to do that on the ___________ (SECOND) and __________ (NEAR) ones and through aircraft __________ (TRANSMIT).
If he is __________ (ABLE) to contact again, it means “communication _________ (FAIL).
The _________ (CONTROL) should get to know the type of the communication failure.
Exercise 10.2.10 Make up sentences using the given words.
The / navigation aid / should / descent / the / over / start / aircraft.
The / twice / his / pilot / should / message / repeat.
The / to / should / pilot / the / tell / he / is / frequency / changing.
The / set / A-7600 / transponder / crew / should / squawk.
5. The / get / the / should / controller / failure / to know / of / type / communication / the.
Exercise 10.2.11 Translate the following sentences into English.
Самолет должен начать снижение над навигационным средством.
Самолет должен сделать обычный заход на посадку в пределах 30 минут от расчетного времени прибытия.
Пилот должен начинать свои передачи фразой “передаю без ответа”.
Пилот должен повторить свое сообщение дважды на основной и резервной частоте.
Экипаж должен установить на ответчике код А-7600.
Exercise 10.2.12 Retell the text.