III. Agree or disagree with the statements:

1. Governments have few ways of making sure that citizens obey the law.

2. The state encourages social support for law and order.

3. The police forces investigate crimes, catch criminals and complete the investigation of criminal and civil offences.

4. Local bodies pass sentences to punish the guilty and make efforts to re-educate people who have broken the law.

5. The laws of all countries are to be found in written records.

6. Ignorance of the law is almost usually a defence for breaking it.

7. Governments usually expect citizens to be aware of the laws.

8. In all countries, the police have judicial functions.

9. In England and Wales police officers are not employees of the state or of local government.

10. In some countries, the police have executive functions.

IV. Answer the questions:

1. What bogies have the power to complete the investigation of criminal and civil offences and to pass sentences to punish the guilty?

2. Do a lot of people find it easy to read the laws?

3. Is a person breaking the law, if he doesn't know exactly which law it is?

4. What functions do the police have in the legal process?

5. Do the courts have the right to arrest, search and question people suspected of crimes?

V. Match the first part of the sentence (1-5) with the second one (a-e).

1	In some countries,	a	to investigate crimes and catch criminals.
2	The police are mainly concerned with criminal law,	b	that citizens obey the law.
3	Local governments use police forces	c	the police have judicial functions.
4	Governments make the public aware of what the law is	d	but also may be used to enforce judgments made in civil courts.
5	Governments have many ways of making sure	e	and try to encourage social support for law and order.

VI. Make up a plan of the text.

VII. Retell the text in a written form (in English or Ukrainian). Text 72. Scotland yard

I. Read and memorize the following words and word combinations:

Headquarters – штаб-квартира, royalty – королівська сім’я, jurisdiction – юрисдикція, responsibility – відповідальність, to maintain – підтримувати, забезпечувати, to carry out – виконувати.

II. Listen to the text: Scotland Yard

Scotland Yard is the name of the headquarters office of the Metropolitan Police. It is so called because the building where the first Commissioners set up their office in 1829 backed into Scotland Yard buildings forming part of the old palace of Whitehall where Scottish royalty were lodged when they visited the English Court.

These headquarters soon became known as “Scotland Yard” and when, in 1890, the office was moved to the present site it was named “New Scotland Yard”.

Now it is the central office for the administration and control of the twenty-three police divisions of the Metropolitan Police, which has police jurisdiction throughout Greater London. This force is the largest in the country and has an authorized establishment of about 20, 000.

The Metropolitan Police are the one exception to the general principle of local. The police authority in this instance is the Home Secretary, and he is personally responsible for the administration of this force, though responsibility for the actual day-to-day management and the way in which its members carry out their duties is the concern of the Commissioner of Police of the Metropolis.

The Metropolitan Police Force has certain national functions: it maintains criminal records on behalf al police forces; it circulates information about crime; it is the National Bureau for the International Criminal Police Commission; and it provides police protection for important personages and for the Houses of Parliament. Furthermore, some of the work of the Special Branch of the CID (Criminal Investigation Department) is on a nation-wide scale.