2. Make sure that you know these terms:

Accelerator, brake pedal, clutch pedal, dashboard, gearstick, handbrake, horn, ignition, rear-view mirror, seat belt, steering wheel; wing (fender), petrol cap or flap, roof, sunroof, indicator (turn signal), logo, windscreen (windshield) wiper, exhaust pipe, number plate, wing mirror.

3. Complete the sentences with the following words (exterior design):

Bonnet (hood), boot (trunk), side window, aerial, head and rear lights, badge.

1. Don’t forget to retract the …… before using the car wash.

2. You open the …… to look at the engine.

3. Can you put my suitcase into the ……, please?

4. When it starts raining, you need to switch on the ……

5. “What model is that?” “I don’t know, I can’t see the …… from here.”

6. Open the …… and let some fresh air into the car.

4. Complete the sentences with the following words (interior design):

Cup holder, sun visor, cigarette lighter, glove compartment, clutch pedal, hands-free telephone, ashtray.

1. It’s so practical to have a …… near the steering wheel, I can take a drink whenever I want.

2. In a car with manual transmission, you need to press the …… when you want to change gear.

3. There’s usually a cosmetic mirror on the passenger’s ……

4. It’s against the law to phone while driving so I’ve ordered a car with a ……

5. Could you have a look in the road atlas? It’s in the ……

6. I don’t need a …… and a …… as I don’t smoke and I don’t want anyone to smoke in my car.

5. Match words from the two boxes to find the exterior car parts:

Head rear exhaust wheel front petrol windscreen wing door number

Wipers lights plate trim bumper cap mirror handle lights pipe

Translate and learn them by heart. Describe your or your parents’ car using them.

6. Fill the correct prepositions in.

1. Intensive snowfalls have caused disruption to the road traffic _____ the mountain area _____ last winter.

2. If bus lanes are used exclusively _____ buses, they will bring more problems than gains to the traffic.

3. There will be no objections _____ the road users if traffic lights are installed.

4. One of the salvations to the problem _____ air pollution _____ cities is to ban cars _____ the cities.

5. These serious problems stem _____ the reduction of the railway network _____ the 1960s.

6. Do you often go _____ work _____ bus?

7. The traffic lights have been installed _____ wrong location.

Text 8.

COLOR AND TRIM DESIGN

The color and trim (or color and materials) designer is responsible for the research, design and development of all interior and exterior colors and materials used in a vehicle. These include paints, plastics, fabric designs, leather, grains, carpet, headliner, wood trim and so on. Color contrast, texture and pattern must be carefully combined to give the vehicle a unique interior environment experience. Designers work closely with the exterior and interior designers.

The first car tires were white! One tire manufacturer wanted his tires to look more distinguished than other tires. He asked the Peekskill Chemical Company (founded in New York, 1864) to make a tire of a silver gray color. The company specialized in producing black and red colors and paints. The red they created was made with the same red iron oxide that the cavemen had used to make their red paint. The chemists succeeded in creating a darker color for the tire manufacturer. More importantly, they discovered that by adding carbon black as an ingredient to the rubber they not only got a darker tire, but one that lasted four to five times longer than white ones. Later the company became known as Binney & Smith, the makers of Crayola Crayons.

Designers draw inspiration from other design disciplines such as: industrial design, fashion, home furnishing and architecture. Specific research is done into global trends to design for projects 2 to 3 model years in the future. Trend boards are created from this research in order to keep track of design influences as they relate to the automotive industry. The designer then uses this information to develop themes and concepts which are then further refined and tested on the vehicle models.