Latinska_Mova_Svitlychna2011

2.ȼɿɡɶɦɢ: ȼɿɞɜɚɪɭ ɩɥɨɞɿɜ ɠɨɫɬɟɪɭ ɩɪɨɧɨɫɧɨɝɨ 20,0—200 ɦɥ ɋɢɪɨɩɭ ɪɟɜɟɧɸ 20,0 Ɂɦɿɲɚɬɢ. ȼɢɞɚɬɢ.

ɉɨɡɧɚɱɢɬɢ:

3.ȼɿɡɶɦɢ: Ⱥɬɪɨɩɿɧɭ ɫɭɥɶɮɚɬɭ 0,025

ȿɤɫɬɪɚɤɬɭ ɤɭɥɶɛɚɛɢ ɝɭɫɬɨɝɨ 2ɦɥ ɉɨɪɨɲɤɭ ɤɨɪɟɧɿɜ ɫɨɥɨɞɤɢ 3,0

Ɂɦɿɲɚɣ, ɳɨɛ ɭɬɜɨɪɢɥɚɫɶ ɩɿɥɸɥɶɧɚ ɦɚɫɚ, ɡ ɹɤɨʀ ɫɮɨɪɦɭɜɚɬɢ ɩɿɥɸɥɿ ɱɢɫɥɨɦ 25

ȼɢɞɚɣ. ɉɨɡɧɚɱ:

4.ȼɿɡɶɦɢ: Ɋɿɞɤɨɝɨ ɟɤɫɬɪɚɤɬɭ ɜɨɞɹɧɨɝɨ ɩɟɪɰɸ Ɋɿɞɤɨɝɨ ɟɤɫɬɪɚɤɬɭ ɤɚɥɢɧɢ ɩɨ 20 ɦɥ Ɂɦɿɲɚɣ. ȼɢɞɚɣ.

ɉɨɡɧɚɱ:

5.ȼɿɡɶɦɢ: Ʌɢɫɬɹ ɦ’ɹɬɢ ɩɟɪɰɟɜɨʀ

Ʉɜɿɬɨɤ ɪɨɦɚɲɤɢ ɩɨ 40,0 Ʌɢɫɬɹ ɜɨɞɹɧɨɝɨ ɬɪɢɥɢɫɧɢɤɚ Ɍɪɚɜɢ ɞɟɪɟɜɿɸ ɩɨ 20,0 Ɂɦɿɲɚɣ, ɳɨɛ ɭɬɜɨɪɢɜɫɹ ɡɛɿɪ ȼɢɞɚɣ ɭ ɩɚɩɟɪɨɜɨɦɭ ɦɿɲɟɱɤɭ ɉɨɡɧɚɱ:

6. ȼɿɡɶɦɢ: Ɉɥɿʀ ɦ’ɹɬɢ ɩɟɪɰɟɜɨʀ Ɉɥɿʀ ɱɟɛɪɟɰɸ Ɉɥɿʀ ɫɨɫɧɨɜɨʀ ɟɮɿɪɧɨʀ

Ɉɥɿʀ ɟɜɤɚɥɿɩɬɨɜɨʀ ɩɨ 5 ɦɥ Ɂɦɿɲɚɣ. ȼɢɞɚɣ. ɉɨɡɧɚɱ:

§156. HȈȏȊȐ ȈȓȒȈȓȖȮȌȭȊ ȚȈ ȋȓȭȒȖȏȐȌȭȊ

ɍɩɪɢɪɨɞɧɨɦɭ ɜɢɝɥɹɞɿ ɥɿɤɚɪɫɶɤɿ ɪɨɫɥɢɧɢ ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɸɬɶɫɹ ɪɿɞɲɟ, ɧɿɠ ɨɬɪɢɦɚɧɿ ɡ ɧɢɯ ɯɿɦɿɱɧɿ ɪɟɱɨɜɢɧɢ, ɚ ɫɚɦɟ ɚɥɤɚɥɨʀɞɢ (alcaloida )1 ɿ

ɝɥɿɤɨɡɢɞɢ (glycosida)2.

Ʌɚɬɢɧɫɶɤɿ ɧɚɡɜɢ ɚɥɤɚɥɨʀɞɿɜ ɬɚ ɝɥɿɤɨɡɢɞɿɜ ɭɬɜɨɪɸɸɬɶɫɹ, ɹɤ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɨ, ɫɭɮɿɤɫɚɥɶɧɢɦ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɨɦ:

1 Ⱥɥɤɚɥɨʀɞɢ (ɚɪɚɛ. ɚl-qɚli — ɥɭɝ + ɝɪɟɰ. eidos — ɩɨɞɿɛɧɢɣ) — ɝɪɭɩɩɚ ɨɪɝɚɧɿɱɧɢɯ ɚɡɨɬɢɫɬɢɯ ɪɟɱɨɜɢɧ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɧɨɝɨ, ɝɨɥɨɜɧɢɦ ɱɢɧɨɦ, ɪɨɫɥɢɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɯɨɞɠɟɧɧɹ, ɹɤɿ ɦɚɸɬɶ ɜɥɚɫɬɢɜɨɫɬɿ ɨɫɧɨɜ ɿ ɜɢɫɨɤɭ ɮɿɡɿɨɥɨɝɿɱɧɭ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɿɫɬɶ. Ȼɚɝɚɬɨ ɚɥɤɚɥɨʀɞɿɜ ɬɨɤɫɢɱɧɿ, ɞɟɹɤɿ ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɸɬɶɫɹ ɹɤ ɥɿɤɚɪɫɶɤɿ ɡɚɫɨɛɢ.

2 Ƚɥɿɤɨɡɢɞɢ (ɝɪɟɰ. glykys — ɫɨɥɨɞɤɢɣ + eidos — ɩɨɞɿɛɧɢɣ) — ɝɪɭɩɚ ɨɪɝɚɧɿɱɧɢɯ ɪɟɱɨɜɢɧ, ɩɟɪɟɜɚɠɧɨ ɪɨɫɥɢɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɯɨɞɠɟɧɧɹ, ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɢ ɹɤɢɯ ɭɬɜɨɪɟɧɿ ɜɭɝɥɟɰɟɜɢɦ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɦ — ɝɥɿɤɨɧɨɦ ɿ ɨɪɝɚɧɿɱɧɨɸ ɪɟɱɨɜɢɧɨɸ — ɚɝɥɿɤɨɧɨɦ.

171

Hɚɩɪɢɤɥɚɞ: EphedrƯnum (Ephedra equisetina) — ɟɮɟɞɪɢɧ ErysimƯnum (Erysimum canescens) — ɟɪɢɡɢɦɿɧ StrophanthƯnum (Strophanthus kombe) — ɫɬɪɨɮɚɧɬɢɧ

Ɂɭɫɬɪɿɱɚɸɬɶɫɹɧɚɡɜɢɝɥɿɤɨɡɢɞɿɜ, ɭɬɜɨɪɟɧɿɡɚɞɨɩɨɦɨɝɨɸɫɭɮɿɤɫɚ-sƯd-. Hɚɩɪɢɤɥɚɞ, ɿɡ ɠɨɜɬɭɲɧɢɤɚ ɫɿɪɭɜɚɬɨɝɨ (Erysimum canescens) ɜɢɞɿ-

ɥɟɧɿ ɝɥɿɤɨɡɢɞɢ ErysimƯnum ɬɚ ErysimosƯdum.

əɤɳɨ ɡ ɬɨɝɨ ɫɚɦɨɝɨ ɜɢɞɭ ɪɨɫɥɢɧɢ ɨɬɪɢɦɚɧɨ ɧɟ ɨɞɢɧ ɝɥɿɤɨɡɢɞ, ɚ ɞɟɤɿɥɶɤɚ, ɬɨ ɧɚɡɜɚ ɞɪɭɝɨɝɨ, ɬɪɟɬɶɨɝɨ ɿ ɬ.ɞ. ɮɨɪɦɭɽɬɶɫɹ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɿ ɪɨɞɨɜɨɝɨ ɚɛɨ ɜɢɞɨɜɨɝɨ ɧɚɣɦɟɧɭɜɚɧɧɹ, ɚɥɟ ɡ ɞɟɹɤɢɦɢ ɦɨɞɢɮɿɤɚɰɿɹɦɢ (ɡ ɞɨɞɚɜɚɧɧɹɦ ɧɨɜɢɯ ɚɛɨ ɩɟɪɟɝɪɭɩɭɜɚɧɧɹɦ ɿɫɧɭɸɱɢɯ ɫɤɥɚɞɿɜ ɚɛɨ ɛɭɤɜ). Tɚɤɢɦ ɱɢɧɨɦ, ɧɚɩɪɢɤɥɚɞ, ɭɬɜɨɪɟɧɿ ɧɚɡɜɢ ɬɪɶɨɯ ɝɥɿɤɨɡɢɞɨɜ, ɳɨ ɽ ɜ ɪɨɫɥɢɧɿ

Nerium oleander (ɨɥɟɚɧɞɪ ɡɜɢɱɚɣɧɢɣ): Oleandrinum — ɨɥɟɚɧɞɪɢɧ, Adinerinum — ɚɞɢɧɟɪɢɧ, Neriantinum — ɧɟɪɿɚɧɬɢɧ.

Ɉɞɢɧ ɿ ɬɨɣ ɠɟ ɚɥɤɚɥɨʀɞ ɦɨɠɟ ɛɭɬɢ ɜ ɪɿɡɧɢɯ ɪɨɫɥɢɧɚɯ. Ⱥɥɟ ɫɜɨɸ ɧɚɡɜɭ ɜɿɧ ɨɬɪɢɦɭɽ ɜɿɞ ɨɞɧɿɽʀ ɡ ɧɢɯ. Hɚɩɪɢɤɥɚɞ, ɚɥɤɚɥɨʀɞɢ ɝɿɨɫɰɿɚɦɿɧ ɿ ɫɤɨɩɨɥɚɦɿɧ, ɹɤɿ ɪɚɡɨɦ ɡ ɚɬɪɨɩɿɧɨɦ ɡɧɚɯɨɞɹɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɪɨɫɥɢɧɿ Atropa belladonna, ɨɬɪɢɦɚɥɢ ɫɜɨʀ ɧɚɡɜɢ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɨ ɜɿɞ Hyoscyamus (ɛɥɟɤɨɬɚ) ɿ Scopolia (ɫɤɨɩɨɥɿɹ), ɬɨɦɭ ɳɨ ɜ ɰɢɯ ɪɨɫɥɢɧɚɯ ɜɨɧɢ ɽ ɝɨɥɨɜɧɢɦɢ ɞɿɸɱɢɦɢ ɪɟɱɨɜɢɧɚɦɢ. Ɂ ɿɧɲɨɝɨ ɛɨɤɭ, ɜɿɞɨɦɿ ɜɢɩɚɞɤɢ, ɤɨɥɢ ɪɟɱɨɜɢɧɢ, ɹɤɿ ɜɜɚɠɚɥɢ ɩɨɱɚɬɤɨɜɨ ɧɟɫɯɨɠɢɦɢ ɡɚ ɫɜɨʀɦ ɫɤɥɚɞɨɦ ɿ ɹɤɿ ɦɚɥɢ ɪɿɡɧɿ ɧɚɡɜɢ, ɧɚɞɚɥɿ ɿɞɟɧɬɢɮɿɤɭɜɚɥɢɫɶ ɬɚ ɨɬɪɢɦɚɥɢ ɽɞɢɧɭ ɧɚɡɜɭ. Tɚɤ ɜɿɞɛɭɥɨɫɹ ɡ ɧɚɡɜɨɸ «Ʉɨɮɟʀɧ». ɉɿɫɥɹ ɬɨɝɨ ɹɤ ɛɭɥɨ ɜɢɹɜɥɟɧɨ, ɳɨ ɬɟʀɧ, ɹɤɢɣ ɽ ɜ ɱɚʀ (Thea), ɝɭɚɪɚɧɿɧ — ɭ ɝɭɚɪɚɧɿ ɣ ɤɨɮɟʀɧ — ɭ ɤɚɜɿ, ɽ ɿɞɟɧɬɢɱɧɢɦɢ ɚɥɤɚɥɨʀɞɚɦɢ, ɡɚ ɧɢɦɢ ɡɚɤɪɿɩɢɥɚɫɹ ɨɞɧɚ ɧɚɡɜɚ — Coffeinum.

§ 157. ǪȗȘȈȊȐ

I. Ɂɚɩɢɲɿɬɶ ɥɚɬɢɧɫɶɤɨɸ ɦɨɜɨɸ ɧɚɡɜɢ ɚɥɤɚɥɨʀɞɿɜ ɬɚ ɝɥɿɤɨɡɢɞɿɜ:

Ȼɟɪɛɟɪɢɧ (Berberis vulgaris) Ⱥɞɨɧɿɬɨɤɫɢɧ (Adonis vernalis) ɋɬɪɨɮɚɧɬɢɧ (Strophanthus kombe) ȼɿɧɤɚɦɿɧ (Vinca minor) Ƚɿɨɫɰɿɚɦɿɧ (Hyoscyamus niger)

ȿɪɢɡɢɦɿɧ (Erysimum canescens) ȿɪɢɡɢɦɨɡɢɞ (Erysimum canescens) Ʉɨɧɜɚɥɨɬɨɤɫɢɧ (Convallaria majalis) Ʉɨɧɜɚɥɨɡɢɞ (Convallaria majalis)

Ƚɭɦɭɥɟɧ (Hupulus lupulus) ɉɚɩɚɜɟɪɢɧ (Papaver somniferum)

Ɇɨɪɮɿɧ (Papaver somniferum) Ⱦɢɝɿɬɨɤɫɢɧ (Digitalis lanata) Ⱦɢɝɨɤɫɢɧ (Digitalis lanata)

Ⱥɛɫɢɧɬɢɧ (Artemisia absinthium)

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ɏɿɧɿɧ (Cinchona succirubra)

ɏɿɧɿɡɢɧ (Cinchona succirubra) ɋɬɪɢɯɧɿɧ (Strychnos nux-vomica)

ȿɮɟɞɪɢɧ (Ephedra equisetina)

II. Ɂɚɩɢɲɿɬɶ ɧɚɡɜɢ ɩɪɟɩɚɪɚɬɿɜ ɥɚɬɢɧɨɸ, ɧɚɡɜɿɬɶ ɪɨɫɥɢɧɢ ɜɿɞ ɹɤɢɯ ɜɨɧɢ ɭɬɜɨɪɟɧɿ:

Ⱥɞɨɧɿɡɢɞ, ɪɚɦɧɿɥ, ɧɭɮɥɟʀɧ, ɥɿɧɟɬɨɥ, ɧɟɪɿɨɥɿɧ, ɩɥɚɧɬɚɝɥɸɰɢɞ, ɝɥɿɰɢɪɚɦ, ɥɿɤɜɿɪɢɬɨɧ, ɫɬɪɨɮɚɧɬɢɧ, ɫɚɥɶɜɿɧ.

III. Ɂɚɩɢɲɿɬɶ ɧɚɡɜɢ ɩɪɟɩɚɪɚɬɿɜ ɥɚɬɢɧɨɸ:

Tɟɨɮɟɞɪɢɧ, ɟɮɟɞɪɢɧ, ɟɮɚɬɢɧ, ɯɥɨɪɨɮɿɥɿɩɬ, ɤɚɪɨɬɨɥɿɧ, ɯɨɥɨɫɚɫ, ɭɪɨɥɟɫɚɧ, ɮɿɬɨɥɿɡɢɧ, ɨɥɚɡɨɥɶ, ɜɿɤɚʀɪ, ɜɿɤɚɥɿɧ, ɨɦɧɨɩɨɧ, ɤɨɪɝɥɸɤɨɧ, ɛɟɫɚɥɨɥ, ɛɟɥɨʀɞ, ɤɚɥɟɮɥɨɧ, ɧɨɜɨɿɦɚɧɿɧ, ɤɚɪɞɿɨɜɚɥɟɧ, ɛɟɤɚɪɛɨɧ.

IV. ɉɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɿɬɶ ɪɟɱɟɧɧɹ ɭɫɧɨ ɭɤɪɚʀɧɫɶɤɨɸ ɦɨɜɨɸ:

1. Theobrominum pulvis est albus crystallinus sapore amaro, in aqua aegre solvitur. 2. Multa alcaloida utilissima1 ex Opio fiunt, exempli causa, alcaloidum Papaverinum, alcaloidum Morphinum, Codeinum etc. 3. In planta Delphinium confusum continetur alcaloidum nomine Condelphinum. 4. Condelphinum est pulvis crystallinus in aqua insolubilis, spiritu facile solvitur; ad morbos nervosos adhibetur. 5. Multa alcaloida venena sunt, at2 dosibus parvis in organismum inducta therapeuticam actionem habent.

V.ɉɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɿɬɶ ɪɟɰɟɩɬɢ ɭɫɧɨ ɭɤɪɚʀɧɫɶɤɨɸ ɦɨɜɨɸ:

1.Recipe: Seminum Lini 50,0

Florum Chamomillae Herbae Plantaginis ana 80,0 Misce, fiant species

Da.

Signa:

2. Recipe: Herbae Absinthii 30,0 Foliorum Menthae piperitae 50,0 Florum Chamomillae 100,0 Misce, ut fiant species

Da.

Signa:

3. Recipe: Foliorum Uvae ursi 150,0 Radicum Inulae Radicum Ononidis

Rhizomatum et radicum Rubiae tinctorum ana 60,0 Radicum Taraxaci

Stigmatum Maydis ana 30,0 Misce, ut fiant species

Da in sacculo chartaceo Signa:

1utilissima — ɧɚɣɤɨɪɢɫɧɿɲɿ

2 at — ɚɥɟ

173

4.Recipe: Rhizomatum cum radicibus Valerianae Strobilorum Lupuli

Fructuum Anethi ana 100,0 Misce, ut fiant species

Da in sacculo chartaceo Signa:

5.Recipe: Herbae Hyperici 200,0

Florum Primulae

Foliorum Menthae piperitae

Fructuum Anethi ana 50,0

Misce, fiant species

Da in sacculo chartaceo

Signa:

6.Recipe: Florum Chamomillae 100,0 Foliorum Menthae piperitae Fructuum Anisi

Herbae Centaurii ana 50,0 Misce, fiant species

Da in sacculo chartaceo Signa:

7.Recipe: Radicum Ononidis Radicum Taraxaci ana 120,0 Corticis Frangulae

Radicum Liquiritiae ana 60,0 Fructuum Coriandri 50,0 Foliorum Sennae 30,0 Misce, fiant species

Da.

Signa:

VI. ɉɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɿɬɶ ɪɟɰɟɩɬɢ ɩɢɫɶɦɨɜɨ ɥɚɬɢɧɫɶɤɨɸ ɦɨɜɨɸ:

1. ȼɿɡɶɦɢ: Ʉɜɿɬɨɤ ɪɨɦɚɲɤɢ 200,0 Ʌɢɫɬɹ ɦ’ɹɬɢ ɩɟɪɰɟɜɨʀ 50,0 ɇɚɫɿɧɧɹ ɥɶɨɧɭ 30,0

Ɂɦɿɲɚɣ, ɧɟɯɚɣ ɭɬɜɨɪɢɬɶɫɹ ɡɛɿɪ ȼɢɞɚɣ.

ɉɨɡɧɚɱ:

2.ȼɿɡɶɦɢ: ɉɥɨɞɿɜ ɲɢɩɲɢɧɢ ɉɥɨɞɿɜ ɿ ɥɢɫɬɹ ɛɭɡɢɧɢ Ʉɜɿɬɨɤ ɤɚɥɟɧɞɭɥɢ ɒɢɲɨɤ ɯɦɟɥɸ

Ʉɨɪɟɧɟɜɢɳ ɡ ɤɨɪɟɧɹɦɢ ɜɚɥɟɪɿɚɧɢ ɩɨ 15,0 Ɂɦɿɲɚɣ, ɧɟɯɚɣ ɭɬɜɨɪɢɬɶɫɹ ɡɛɿɪ ȼɢɞɚɣ ɭ ɩɚɩɟɪɨɜɨɦɭ ɦɿɲɟɱɤɭ ɉɨɡɧɚɱ:

3.ȼɿɡɶɦɢ: Ʌɢɫɬɹ ɩɨɞɨɪɨɠɧɢɤɚ ɜɟɥɢɤɨɝɨ

Ʌɢɫɬɹ ɲɚɜɥɿʀ ɩɨ 80,0 Ʉɜɿɬɨɤ ɪɨɦɚɲɤɢ 60,0

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Ʌɢɫɬɹ ɦ’ɹɬɢ ɩɟɪɰɟɜɨʀ 50,0 ɇɚɫɿɧɧɹ ɥɶɨɧɭ 30,0 Ɂɦɿɲɚɣ, ɧɟɯɚɣ ɭɬɜɨɪɢɬɶɫɹ ɡɛɿɪ ȼɢɞɚɣ.

ɉɨɡɧɚɱ:

4.ȼɿɡɶɦɢ: Ʉɜɿɬɨɤ ɪɨɦɚɲɤɢ 80,0 Ʉɨɪɟɧɟɜɢɳ ɿ ɤɨɪɿɧɧɹ ɨɦɚɧɭ ɇɚɫɿɧɧɹ ɥɶɨɧɭ Ʉɨɪɿɧɧɹ ɜɨɜɱɭɝɚ ɩɨ 60,0 Tɪɚɜɢ ɯɜɨɳɚ

Ʉɜɿɬɨɤ ɤɚɥɟɧɞɭɥɢ ɩɨ 50,0 Ɂɦɿɲɚɣ, ɧɟɯɚɣ ɭɬɜɨɪɢɬɶɫɹ ɡɛɿɪ ȼɢɞɚɣ.

ɉɨɡɧɚɱ:

5.ȼɿɡɶɦɢ: ȼɿɞɜɚɪɭ ɤɨɪɢ ɤɚɥɢɧɢ 10,0—200 ɦɥ ȼɢɞɚɣ.

ɉɨɡɧɚɱ:

6.ȼɿɡɶɦɢ: Hɚɫɬɨɸ ɬɪɚɜɢ ɝɪɢɰɢɤɿɜ 10,0—200 ɦɥ ȼɢɞɚɣ.

ɉɨɡɧɚɱ:

7.ȼɿɡɶɦɢ: Hɚɫɬɨɸ ɥɢɫɬɹ ɞɢɝɿɬɚɥɿɫɭ 0,5—180 ɦɥ ɉɪɨɫɬɨɝɨ ɫɢɪɨɩɭ 20 ɦɥ Ɂɦɿɲɚɬɢ.

ȼɢɞɚɬɢ. ɉɨɡɧɚɱɢɬɢ:

8.ȼɿɡɶɦɢ: Ɋɿɞɤɨɝɨ ɟɤɫɬɪɚɤɬɭ ɞɟɪɟɜɿɸ 30 ɦɥ ȼɢɞɚɬɢ.

ɉɨɡɧɚɱɢɬɢ:

9.ȼɿɡɶɦɢ: Ɉɥɿʀ ɟɜɤɚɥɿɩɬɚ 10,0

Ɇɟɧɬɨɥɭ 1,0 Ɂɦɿɲɚɣ. ȼɢɞɚɣ. ɉɨɡɧɚɱ:

VII. ɉɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɿɬɶ ɥɚɬɢɧɫɶɤɨɸ ɦɨɜɨɸ:

ɚ) 1. ɇɚɫɿɧɧɹ ɫɨɧɹɲɧɢɤɚ. 2. Ʉɨɪɿɧɶ ɜɨɜɱɭɝɚ. 3. Ƚɨɥɿɜɤɢ ɦɚɤɭ ɫɧɨɬɜɨɪɧɨɝɨ.

4.ɋɥɚɧɶ ɥɚɦɿɧɚɪɿʀ. 5. Ʉɨɪɟɧɟɜɢɳɟ ɡ ɤɨɪɟɧɹɦɢ ɜɚɥɟɪɿɚɧɢ. 6. Ʌɢɫɬ ɫɭɦɚɯɭ ɞɭɛɢɥɶɧɨɝɨ. 7. ɇɚɫɿɧɧɹ ɬɚ ɩɥɨɞɢ ɥɢɦɨɧɧɢɤɚ. 8. Ȼɭɥɶɛɢ ɤɚɪɬɨɩɥɿ. 9. Ȼɭɬɨɧɢ ɫɨɮɨɪɢ ɹɩɨɧɫɶɤɨʀ. 10. Ʉɨɪɚ ɤɪɭɲɢɧɢ. 11. ɋɬɨɜɩɱɢɤɢ ɬɚ ɩɪɢɣɦɨɱɤɢ ɤɭɤɭɪɭɞɡɢ. 12. Ȼɪɭɧɶɤɢ ɣ ɥɢɫɬɹ ɛɟɪɟɡɢ. 13. Ʌɢɫɬɹ ɬɚ ɩɚɝɨɧɢ ɛɪɭɫɧɢɰɿ. 14. ɒɢɲɤɢ ɹɥɢɧɢ ɡɜɢɱɚɣɧɨʀ.

15.Ƚɨɥɿɜɤɢ ɱɚɫɧɢɤɚ.

ɛ) 1. Ɋɿɞɤɢɣ ɟɤɫɬɪɚɤɬ ɞɟɪɟɜɿɸ. 2. ɋɭɯɢɣ ɟɤɫɬɪɚɤɬ ɝɨɪɢɰɜɿɬɭ ɜɟɫɧɹɧɨɝɨ.

3.ȼɿɞɜɚɪ ɩɥɨɞɿɜ ɜɿɥɶɯɢ. 4. ɋɜɿɠɿ ɥɢɫɬɹ ɚɥɨɟ ɞɟɪɟɜɨɜɢɞɧɨɝɨ. 5. ɉɨɪɨɲɨɤ ɤɨɪɿɧɧɹ ɚɥɬɟʀ. 6. ȿɤɫɬɪɚɤɬ ɬɪɚɜɢ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɧɤɢ ɡɜɢɱɚɣɧɨʀ. 7. ȿɦɭɥɶɫɿɹ ɧɚɫɿɧɧɹ ɦɢɝɞɚɥɸ ɫɨɥɨɞɤɨɝɨ. 8. Hɚɫɬɿɣ ɩɥɨɞɿɜ ɤɪɨɩɭ. 9. ȼɿɞɜɚɪ ɥɢɫɬɹ ɦɭɱɧɢɰɿ. 10. ȿɮɿɪɧɚ ɝɚɧɭɫɨɜɚ ɨɥɿɹ. 11. Ƚɿɪɤɢɣ ɟɤɫɬɪɚɤɬ ɩɨɥɢɧɭ ɝɿɪɤɨɝɨ. 12. Hɚɫɬɿɣ ɩɥɨɞɿɜ ɝɚɧɭɫɭ ɡɜɢɱɚɣɧɨɝɨ. 13. ɋɜɿɠɿ ɩɥɨɞɢ ɝɨɪɨɛɢɧɢ ɱɨɪɧɨɩɥɨɞɨʀ. 14. Hɚɫɬɿɣ ɤɜɿɬɨɤ ɚɪɧɿɤɢ.

15.Ƚɭɫɬɢɣ ɟɤɫɬɪɚɤɬ ɤɪɚɫɚɜɤɢ. 16. Hɚɫɬɿɣ ɬɪɚɜɢ ɱɟɪɟɞɢ. 17. Hɚɫɬɿɣ ɥɢɫɬɹ ɛɚɪ-

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ɛɚɪɢɫɭ. 18. ȿɮɿɪɧɚ ɝɿɪɱɢɱɧɚ ɨɥɿɹ. 19. Ɋɿɞɤɢɣ ɟɤɫɬɪɚɤɬ ɝɪɢɰɢɤɿɜ. 20. Hɚɫɬɿɣ ɛɪɭɧɶɨɤ ɛɟɪɟɡɢ. 21. ɉɟɪɰɟɜɢɣ ɩɥɚɫɬɢɪ. 22. Tɚɛɥɟɬɤɢ ɟɤɫɬɪɚɤɬɭ ɫɟɧɢ. 23. Ɋɿɞɤɢɣ ɟɤɫɬɪɚɤɬ ɿɡ ɩɥɨɞɿɜ ɝɥɨɞɭ. 24. ɇɚɫɿɧɧɹ ɝɚɪɛɭɡɚ. 25. ɉɨɪɨɲɨɤ ɥɢɫɬɹ ɞɢɝɿɬɚɥɿɫɭ. 26. Ƚɭɫɬɢɣ ɟɤɫɬɪɚɤɬ ɩɚɩɨɪɨɬɿ ɱɨɥɨɜɿɱɨʀ. 27. ɋɿɤ ɿɡ ɫɜɿɠɨʀ ɬɪɚɜɢ ɠɨɜɬɭɲɧɢɤɚ ɫɿɪɨɝɨ. 28. Ƚɪɭɞɧɢɣ ɟɥɿɤɫɢɪ ɡ ɝɭɫɬɢɦ ɟɤɫɬɪɚɤɬɨɦ ɫɨɥɨɞɤɢ. 29. ɇɚɫɬɿɣ ɲɢɲɨɤ ɯɦɟɥɸ. 30. ȼɿɞɜɚɪ ɤɨɪɢ ɞɭɛɚ. 31. Tɚɛɥɟɬɤɢ ɤɨɪɿɧɧɹ ɪɟɜɟɧɸ. 32. ɋɜɿɠɿ ɩɥɨɞɢ ɫɦɨɪɨɞɢɧɢ ɱɨɪɧɨʀ. 33. Ɇɢɥɶɧɢɣ (ɦɢɥɶɧɹɧɤɢ) ɤɨɪɿɧɶ. 34. ȼɿɞɜɚɪ ɿɡ ɩɥɨɞɿɜ ɱɨɪɧɢɰɿ. 35. ȼɿɞɜɚɪ ɤɨɪɢ ɤɚɥɢɧɢ. 36. Hɚɫɬɿɣ ɩɪɢɣɦɨɱɨɤ ɤɭɤɭɪɭɞɡɢ.

ɜ) 1. Ɍɪɚɜɚ ɞɟɪɟɜɿɸ, ɱɟɪɟɞɢ, ɱɢɫɬɨɬɿɥɭ, ɫɨɛɚɱɨʀ ɤɪɨɩɢɜɢ, ɦɚɬɟɪɢɧɤɢ, ɩɨɞɨɪɨɠɧɢɤɚ, ɛɚɪɜɿɧɤɭ. 2. Ʉɨɪɿɧɶ ɤɭɥɶɛɚɛɢ, ɛɚɪɛɚɪɢɫɭ, ɦɢɥɶɧɹɧɤɢ, ɲɨɥɨɦɧɢɰɿ, ɪɟɜɟɧɸ, ɠɟɧɶɲɟɧɸ, ɜɨɜɱɭɝɚ. 3. Ʉɨɪɟɧɟɜɢɳɚ ɥɚɬɚɬɬɹ, ɡɦɿɣɨɜɢɤɚ, ɩɟɪɫɬɚɱɭ, ɦɚɪɟɧɢ, ɜɚɥɟɪɿɚɧɢ, ɚʀɪɭ, ɛɚɞɚɧɚ. 4. ɉɥɨɞɢ ɤɚɥɢɧɢ, ɱɨɪɧɢɰɿ, ɦɚɥɢɧɢ, ɥɢɦɨɧɧɢɤɚ, ɫɨɮɨɪɢ, ɫɦɨɪɨɞɢɧɢ, ɝɥɨɞɭ. 5. Ʉɜɿɬɤɢ ɚɪɧɿɤɢ, ɡɚɣɰɟɝɭɛɚ, ɛɭɡɢɧɢ, ɥɢɩɢ, ɝɥɨɞɭ, ɤɪɨɩɢɜɢ, ɰɦɢɧɭ. 6. Ʌɢɫɬɹ ɦɭɱɧɢɰɿ, ɤɪɚɫɚɜɤɢ, ɛɟɪɟɡɢ, ɛɨɛɿɜɧɢɤɚ, ɩɨɞɨɪɨɠɧɢɤɚ, ɫɭɦɚɯɭ, ɲɚɜɥɿʀ. 7. ɇɚɫɿɧɧɹ ɦɢɝɞɚɥɸ, ɝɿɪɱɢɰɿ, ɝɚɪɛɭɡɚ, ɠɨɜɬɭɲɧɢɤɚ, ɫɨɧɹɲɧɢɤɚ, ɥɶɨɧɭ, ɪɢɰɢɧɢ. 8. Ʉɨɪɚ ɞɭɛɚ, ɤɚɥɢɧɢ, ɤɨɪɟɧɹ ɛɚɜɨɜɧɢɤɚ. 9. ɉɚɝɨɧɢ ɱɨɪɧɢɰɿ, ɛɪɭɫɧɢɰɿ, ɤɚɥɚɧɯɨɟ, ɤɨɪɢɱɧɢɤɚ, ɦɭɱɧɢɰɿ.

§ 158. ǨȜȖȘȐȏȔȐ

1. Fide, sed cui fidas, vide. — Ⱦɨɜɿɪɹɣ, ɚɥɟ ɞɢɜɢɫɶ, ɤɨɦɭ ɞɨɜɿɪɽɲ. 2. In silvam ligna ne feras. — ɇɟ ɧɨɫɢ ɞɪɨɜɚ ɞɨ ɥɿɫɭ.

3. Ex duobus malis minus est — ȱɡ ɞɜɨɯ ɛɿɞ ɫɥɿɞ ɜɢɛɢɪɚɬɢ ɦɟɧɲɭ. semper eligendum.

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ǯǨǵȇǺǺȇ ȹ 34

§ 159. ǹȚțȗȍȕȭ ȗȖȘȭȊȕȧȕȕȧ ȗȘȐȒȔȍȚȕȐȒȭȊ

əɤɿɫɧɿ ɩɪɢɤɦɟɬɧɢɤɢ ɜ ɥɚɬɢɧɫɶɤɿɣ ɦɨɜɿ, ɹɤ ɿ ɜ ɭɤɪɚʀɧɫɶɤɿɣ, ɦɚɸɬɶ ɬɪɢ ɫɬɭɩɟɧɿ ɩɨɪɿɜɧɹɧɧɹ:

ɡɜɢɱɚɣɧɢɣ — gradus positivus

ɜɢɳɢɣ — gradus comparativus ɧɚɣɜɢɳɢɣ — gradus superlativus

ɍ ɫɥɨɜɧɢɤ ɩɪɢɤɦɟɬɧɢɤɢ ɡɚɩɢɫɭɸɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɡɜɢɱɚɣɧɨɦɭ ɫɬɭɩɟɧɿ. ȼɢɳɢɣ ɫɬɭɩɿɧɶ ɭɬɜɨɪɸɽɬɶɫɹ ɲɥɹɯɨɦ ɩɪɢɽɞɧɚɧɧɹ ɞɨ ɨɫɧɨɜɢ ɩɪɢɤ-

ɦɟɬɧɢɤɚ ɡɜɢɱɚɣɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɭɩɟɧɹ ɫɭɮɿɤɫɿɜ -ior (m., f), -ius(n) Genetivus sing. ɭɫɿɯ ɬɪɶɨɯ ɪɨɞɿɜ ɡɚɤɿɧɱɭɽɬɶɫɹ ɧɚ -iǀris.

ɉɪɢɤɦɟɬɧɢɤɢ ɭ ɜɢɳɨɦɭ ɫɬɭɩɟɧɿ ɜɿɞɦɿɧɸɸɬɶɫɹ ɡɚ ɩɪɢɝɨɥɨɫɧɢɦ ɬɢɩɨɦ III ɜɿɞɦɧɢ.

ɉɪɢɤɥɚɞ ɜɿɞɦɿɧɸɜɚɧɧɹ ɩɪɢɤɦɟɬɧɢɤɚ subtilis, e ɭ ɜɢɳɨɦɭ ɫɬɭɩɟɧɿ.

ɇɚɣɜɢɳɢɣ ɫɬɭɩɿɧɶ ɩɪɢɤɦɟɬɧɢɤɿɜ ɡɞɟɛɿɥɶɲɨɝɨ ɭɬɜɨɪɸɽɬɶɫɹ ɲɥɹɯɨɦ ɩɪɢɽɞɧɚɧɧɹ ɞɨ ɨɫɧɨɜɢ ɡɜɢɱɚɣɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɭɩɟɧɹ ɫɭɮɿɤɫɚ -Ʊssim- ɬɚ ɪɨɞɨɜɢɯ ɡɚɤɿɧɱɟɧɶ -us (m), -a (f), -um (n).

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ɉɪɢɤɦɟɬɧɢɤɢ ɭ ɧɚɣɜɢɳɨɦɭ ɫɬɭɩɟɧɿ ɜɿɞɦɿɧɸɸɬɶɫɹ, ɹɤ ɩɪɢɤɦɟɬɧɢɤɢ ɩɟɪɲɨʀ ɝɪɭɩɢ, ɬɨɛɬɨ ɱɨɥɨɜɿɱɢɣ ɬɚ ɫɟɪɟɞɧɿɣ ɪɿɞ — ɡɚ II ɜɿɞɦɿɧɨɸ, ɚ ɠɿɧɨɱɢɣ — ɡɚ I ɜɿɞɦɿɧɨɸ.

ɇɚɣɜɢɳɢɣ ɫɬɭɩɿɧɶ ɩɪɢɤɦɟɬɧɢɤɿɜ ɧɚ -er ɭɬɜɨɪɸɽɬɶɫɹ ɲɥɹɯɨɦ ɩɪɢɽɞɧɚɧɧɹ ɫɭɮɿɤɫɚ -rƱm- ɬɚ ɪɨɞɨɜɢɯ ɡɚɤɿɧɱɟɧɶ -us, -a, -um ɞɨ ɮɨɪɦɢ Nom. sing. ɱɨɥɨɜɿɱɨɝɨ ɪɨɞɭ.

Ⱦɟɤɿɥɶɤɚ ɩɪɢɤɦɟɬɧɢɤɿɜ ɧɚ -ilis (facilis, e — ɥɟɝɤɢɣ, similis, e — ɩɨɞɿɛɧɢɣ) ɭ ɧɚɣɜɢɳɨɦɭ ɫɬɭɩɟɧɿ ɭɬɜɨɪɸɸɬɶɫɹ ɲɥɹɯɨɦ ɩɪɢɽɞɧɚɧɧɹ ɞɨ ɨɫɧɨɜɢ ɫɭɮɿɤɫɚ -lim-

ɬɚ ɪɨɞɨɜɢɯ ɡɚɤɿɧɱɟɧɶ -us, -a, -um: facillimus, a, um; simillimus, a, um.

ɉɪɢɤɦɟɬɧɢɤɢ ɧɚ -us ɡ ɩɨɩɟɪɟɞɧɶɨɸ ɝɨɥɨɫɧɨɸ ɜɢɳɢɣ ɬɚ ɧɚɣɜɢɳɢɣ ɿ ɫɬɭɩɟɧɿ ɭɬɜɨɪɸɸɬɶ ɡɚ ɞɨɩɨɦɨɝɨɸ ɫɥɿɜ magis (ɧɚɣɛɿɥɶɲ), maxime (ɭ ɧɚɣɜɢɳɢɣ ɦɿɪɿ, ɞɭɠɟ, ɧɚɞɬɨ) ɿ ɮɨɪɦɢ ɡɜɢɱɚɣɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɭɩɟɧɹ.

§160. ǵȍȗȘȈȊȐȓȤȕȭ șȚțȗȍȕȭ ȗȖȘȭȊȕȧȕȕȧ ȗȘȐȒȔȍȚȕȐȒȭȊ

ɍɛɚɝɚɬɶɨɯ ɦɨɜɚɯ ɽ ɩɪɢɤɦɟɬɧɢɤɢ, ɹɤɿ ɭɬɜɨɪɸɸɬɶ ɫɬɭɩɟɧɿ ɩɨɪɿɜɧɹɧɧɹ ɜɿɞ ɪɿɡɧɢɯ ɨɫɧɨɜ, ɬɚɤ ɡɜɚɧɿ ɧɟɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɿ ɫɬɭɩɟɧɿ ɩɨɪɿɜɧɹɧɧɹ.

ȼɢɳɢɣ ɬɚ ɧɚɣɜɢɳɢɣ ɫɬɭɩɟɧɿ ɩɨɪɿɜɧɹɧɧɹ ɰɢɯ ɩɪɢɤɦɟɬɧɢɤɿɜ ɜɿɞɦɿɧɸɸɬɶɫɹ ɡɚ ɡɚɝɚɥɶɧɢɦɢ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚɦɢ.

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§ 161. ǶșȖȉȓȐȊȖșȚȭ ȊȎȐȊȈȕȕȧ șȚțȗȍȕȭȊ ȗȖȘȭȊȕȧȕȕȧ ȗȘȐȒȔȍȚȕȐȒȭȊ ț ȉȖȚȈȕȭȟȕȭȑ ȕȖȔȍȕȒȓȈȚțȘȭ

ɍ ɛɨɬɚɧɿɱɧɿɣ ɧɨɦɟɧɤɥɚɬɭɪɿ ɜɢɳɢɣ ɬɚ ɧɚɣɜɢɳɢɣ ɫɬɭɩɟɧɿ ɩɪɢɤɦɟɬɧɢɤɿɜ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɚɸɬɶɫɹ ɮɨɪɦɨɸ ɡɜɢɱɚɣɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɭɩɟɧɸ.

§162. ǪȐȒȖȘȐșȚȈȕȕȧ ȊȭȌȔȭȕȒȭȊ ȗȘȐ șȚțȗȍȕȧȝ ȗȖȘȭȊȕȧȕȕȧ

ɍɥɚɬɢɧɫɶɤɿɣ ɦɨɜɿ ɩɿɫɥɹ ɜɢɳɨɝɨ ɫɬɭɩɟɧɹ ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɸɬɶɫɹ ɞɜɿ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɿʀ: ɡɿ ɫɩɨɥɭɱɧɢɤɨɦ quam (ɧɿɠ, ɹɤ) ɬɚ ɛɟɡ ɧɶɨɝɨ. əɤɳɨ ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɽɬɶɫɹ ɫɩɨɥɭɱɧɢɤ quam, ɬɨ ɨɛ’ɽɤɬ ɩɨɪɿɜɧɹɧɧɹ ɫɬɚɢɜɢɬɶɫɹ ɜ Nom. sing.. əɤɳɨ ɠ ɫɩɨɥɭɱɧɢɤ ɨɩɭɫɤɚɽɬɶɫɹ, ɬɨ ɨɛ’ɽɤɬ ɩɨɪɿɜɧɹɧɧɹ ɫɬɚɜɢɬɶɫɹ

ɜAblativus comparationis (ɨɪɭɞɧɢɣ ɩɨɪɿɜɧɹɧɧɹ), ɚ ɜ ɭɤɪɚʀɧɫɶɤɿɣ ɦɨɜɿ —

ɭɪɨɞɨɜɨɦɭ ɜɿɞɦɿɧɤɭ:

əɤɳɨ ɬɪɟɛɚ ɜɢɞɿɥɢɬɢ ɱɚɫɬɢɧɭ ɿɡ ɡɚɝɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ, ɚɛɨ ɨɞɢɧ ɨɛ’ɽɤɬ ɿɡ ɰɿɥɨʀ ɝɪɭɩɢ, ɬɨ ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɽɬɶɫɹ Genetivus partitivus (ɪɨɞɨɜɢɣ ɪɨɡɞɿɥɶɧɢɣ), ɹɤɢɣ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɚɞɚɽɬɶɫɹ ɭɤɪɚʀɧɫɶɤɨɸ ɦɨɜɨɸ ɡ ɩɪɢɣɦɟɧɧɢɤɨɦ «ɿɡ».

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