1.9. Meals

Activity 1. Match the following words with their Russian/Ukrainian equivalents.

1. instant coffee a) жареное мясо/ смажене м'ясо

2. cereal b) нож/ ніж

3. mushrooms c) каша/ каша

4. coursed) растворимый кофе/ розчинна кава

5. knife e) подбирать/ підбирати

6. forkf) еда на вынос/ їжа на винос

7. take-away meals g) мед/ мед

8. honey h) грибы/ гриби

9. to pick up i) блюдо/ страва

10. roastmeatj) вилка/ веделка

Activity 2. One word/word combination in each line does not belong to the group. Explain why.

1. coffee, honey, tea, milk, juice

2. spoon, knife, take-away meal, fork, chopsticks

3. beef, pork, bread, lamb, chicken

4. scones, dinner, lunch, supper, breakfast

5. marmalade, meat, jam, sugar, sweets

.Activity 3 Before reading the text try to answer the following questions.

1. What is your favourite dish?

2. What dishes belong to Ukrainian cuisine?

3. What do you usually have for breakfast?

4. Where do you have your lunch?

5. Do you prefer meat or fish?

6. How many meals a day do you usually have?

7. What do you know about meals in Britain?

8. What is the traditional English drink?

9. Do you know the way people eat their food in China?

10. What cutlery do Europeans use while eating?

Activity 4. Read the texts and do the activities that follow it.

Food around the world

For 99% of human history, people took their food from the world around them. They ate all that they could find, and then moved on. Then about 10,000 years ago, or for 1% of human history, people learned to farm the land and control their environment.

The kind of food we eat depends on which part of the world we live in, or which part of our country we live in. For example, in the south of China they eat rice, but in the north they eat noodles. In Scandinavia, they eat a lot of herrings, and the Portuguese love sardines. But in central Europe, away from the sea, people do not eat so much fish, they eat more meat and sausages. In Germany and Poland there are hundreds of different kinds of sausages.

In North America, Australia, and Europe there are two or more courses to every meal and people eat with knives and forks. In China there is only one course, all food is together on the table, and they eat with chopsticks. In some parts of India and the Middle East people use their fingers and bread to pick up the food.

Nowadays it is possible to transport food easily from one part of the world to the other. We can eat what we like, when we like, at any time of the year. Our bananas come from the Caribbean or Africa, rice comes from Russia and China, oranges come from Egypt, Greece or Spain. Food is very big business. But people in poor countries are still hungry, and people in rich eat too much.

Meals in britain

A traditional English breakfast is a very big meal — sausages, bacon, eggs, tomatoes, mushrooms. Sometimes the full English breakfast is called a ‘cooked breakfast’. But nowadays many people just have a ‘continental-type’ breakfast: fruit juice, cereal with milk and sugar, or toast with marmalade, jam, or honey. Marmalade and jam are not the same! Marmalade is made from oranges and jam is made from other fruit. The traditional breakfast drink is tea, which people have with cold milk. Some people have coffee, often instant coffee, which is made with just hot water. Many visitors to Britain find this coffee disgusting!

For many people lunch is a quick meal. In cities there are a lot of sandwich bars, where office workers can choose the kind of bread they want - brown, white, or a roll - and then all sorts of salad and meat or fish to go in the sandwich. Pubs often serve good, cheap food, both hot and cold. School-children can have a hot meal at school, but many just take a snack from home - a sandwich, a drink, some fruit, and perhaps some crisps.

“Tea” means two things. It is a drink and a meal. Some people have a traditional 5 o’clock tea, with sandwiches, cakes, and, of course, a cup of tea. Cream teas are popular. You have scones (a kind of cake) with cream and jam.

The evening meal is the main meal of the day for many people. It is difficult to give rules about the evening meal in a British home. It varies from family to family. One family will call it dinner and eat around 7 pm. Another may call it tea and eat around 6 pm. Dinner may consist of a three-course meal. Tea may consist of a cooked main course or a salad, plus a dessert.

On Sundays many families have a traditional lunch. They have roast meat, either beef, lamb, chicken, or pork, with potatoes, vegetables, and gravy.

The British like food from other countries, too, especially Italian, French, Chinese, and Indian. People often get take-away meals - you buy the food at the restaurant and then bring it home to eat. Eating in Britain is quite international!

Activity 5. Answer the following questions.

1. When did people learn to farm the land?

2. What does the kind of food we eat depend upon?

3. Why do the Scandinavians and the Portuguese eat a lot of fish?

4. What countries have many kinds of sausages?

5. How do people eat in the Middle East?

6. Which foreign food and drinks are popular in your country?

7. Which food and drinks come from your country?

Activity 6. Are the sentences true or false? Correct the false sentences.

1. Many British people have a light breakfast.

2. People often have cereal or toast for breakfast.

3. Marmalade is different from jam.

4. People drink tea with hot milk.

5. Many foreign visitors like instant coffee.

6. All British people have a hot lunch.

7. Pubs are good places to go for lunch.

8. British people eat dinner late in the evening.

9. Sunday lunch is a special meal.

10. When you get a take-away meal, you eat it at home.

Activity 7. Read what four people say about the food they like best. Find adjectives to describe food that:

1. is not frozen or in cans 5. has sugar in it

2. is uncooked 6. is cooked in a lot of oil

3. is good for your body 7. tastes terrible, disgusting

4. is bad for your body 8. makes you fat

a) I eat a lot of fresh fruits and raw vegetables. They are healthy and they taste good. I am not keen on sweet things and I do not eat much fatty food.

b) I am afraid I am keen on junk food - you know quick, unhealthy food like hamburgers or chips. A lot of people think it is revolting, but I like it. I do not eat many fresh vegetables.

c) Crisps are my favourite, I suppose. I know they are bad for you, but they are delicious - especially cheese and onion ones.

d) I love sweet things like cakes and chocolates. I know they are not good for me and they are fattening, but I can not resist them.

Activity 8.

Step1. Read the following text.