Утворення питальних та заперечних форм з дієсловом у пасивному стані
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Питальні форми з дієсловом у пасивному стані утворюються шляхом вживання першого допоміжного дієслова перед підметом:
У заперечних формах частка ставиться після першого допоміжного дієслова: |
Was he invited to the party?
He was not invited to the party. |
Часові форми дієслова – присудка в активному та пасивному станах
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The Present |
The Past |
The Future | |
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Indefinite |
Active |
She cleans this room every day. |
Somebody stole my car last week. |
She will meet her mother at the station. |
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Passive |
This room is cleaned by her every day. |
My car was stolen last week. |
Her mother will be met at the station. | |
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Continuous |
Active |
They are building some new houses near the river. |
When I was here a few years ago, they were building a new airport. |
They will be writing the test tomorrow at 10 o’clock. |
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Passive |
Some new houses are being built near the river. |
When I was here a few years ago, a new airport, was being built. |
NB! Не існує форми The Future Continuous Passive, замість неї вживається The Future Indefinite Passive. The test will be written (by them) at 10 o’clock. | |
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The Present |
The Past |
The Future | |
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Perfect |
Active |
Look! They have painted the door. |
Ann said that somebody had stolen her car. |
She will have written the poem. |
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Passive |
Look! The door has been painted. |
Ann said that her car had been stolen. |
The poem will have been written by her | |
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Perfect Continuous |
Active |
He has been writing his report for 2 days. |
He had been writing his report for 2 days before it was finished. |
He will have been writing his report for 2 days before he finished it. |
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Passive |
The Present Perfect His report has been written for 2 days. |
The Past Perfect His report had been written for 2 days before it was finished. |
The Future Perfect His report will have been written for 2 days before it is finished. | |
Не існує форм групи Perfect Continuous Passive, замість цих часів вживаються відповідно часи групи Perfect Passive.
Exercises
I. Change the sentences into:
a) the Present Indefinite Passive
People always admire such pictures.
Such pictures are always admired.
1. People speak English all over the world.
2. One uses milk for making butter and cheese.
3. They sell apples by the kilo.
4. They make progress every day in the world of science.
b) the Past Indefinite Passive.
1. He met his friend at the station.
2. I left the dog in the garden.
3. She washed the floor only this morning.
4. People formerly used the Tower of London as a prison.