книга ТЕПЛИЦЫ (3)

ɍɬɟɩɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɩɨɤɪɵɬɢɟ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɸɪɬ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɤɚɤ ɢɡ ɬɪɚɞɢɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ ± ɜɨɣɥɨɤɚ ɛɟɥɨɝɨ ɢɥɢ ɫɟɪɨɝɨ ɥɢɛɨ ɢɡ ɫɢɧɬɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ

ɍɱɢɬɵɜɚɹ ɜɟɤɨɜɨɣ ɨɩɵɬ ɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɹ ɸɪɬ ɤɚɤ ɠɢɥɢɳ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɨɠɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɫɭɪɨɜɵɯ ɤɥɢɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɫɱɢɬɚɬɶ ɱɬɨ ɷɬɨɬ ɨɩɵɬ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧ ɩɪɢ ɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɢ ɬɟɩɥɢɰ

Ɇɧɨɝɢɟ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɵ ɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɹ ɠɢɥɢɳ ɜɵɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɧɵɟ ɜ ɞɚɥɟɤɢɟ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɚ ɢ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɟɧɧɵɟ ɧɚ ɦɧɨɝɨɥɟɬɧɟɣ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɣ ɚɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɟ ɢ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɟ

ɗɧɟɪɝɨɷɤɨɧɨɦɧɵɟ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɢ ɬɟɩɥɚ

Ɋɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɢɦ ɞɚɥɟɟ ɬɚɤɨɣ ɜɨɩɪɨɫ ɤɚɤ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɨɛɨɝɪɟɜɚ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɜɲɢɯɫɹ ɡɢɦɨɣ ɜ ɞɨɦɚɯ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɇɚ ɩɪɨɬɹɠɟɧɢɢ ɜɟɤɨɜ ɤɨɝɞɚ ɝɚɡ ɢ ɠɢɞɤɨɟ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɨ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɢ ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɵ ɢɥɢ ɧɟ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɵ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɸ ɨɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɟ ɞɨɦɨɜ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɥɨɫɶ ɜ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɦ ɞɪɨɜɚɦɢ ɜ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɦɟɫɬɚɯ ɭɝɥɟɦ ȼɨɩɪɨɫ ɨɛ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɢ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ ɫɬɨɹɥ ɢ ɜ ɞɚɥɟɤɢɟ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɚ ɉɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɟ ɝɨɪɟɧɢɟ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ ɜ ɨɬɨɩɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɟɱɚɯ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɥɨ ɤ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɦ ɡɚɬɪɚɬɚɦ

ȼ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢɜɞɟɪɟɜɧɹɯɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɥɚɫɶ ɪɭɫɫɤɚɹɩɟɱɶ ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɚɹ

ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɨɝɪɟɜɚ ɧɢ ɢ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɢɳɢ Ɉɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɩɟɱɟɣ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɬɨ ɨɧɢ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɵ ɦɚɫɫɢɜɧɵɟ ɫɨ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɞɵɦɨɯɨɞɚɦɢ ȼ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɫɥɭɱɚɹɯ ɩɟɱɶ ɡɚɧɢɦɚɥɚ ɩɨɱɬɢ ɩɨɥɨɜɢɧɭ ɤɪɟɫɬɶɹɧɫɤɨɣ ɢɡɛɵ ȼɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɬɨɩɤɢ ɩɟɱɢ ɦɚɫɫɢɜ ɤɢɪɩɢɱɚ ɩɪɨɝɪɟɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɚ ɡɚɬɟɦ ɢɡɥɭɱɚɟɬ ɬɟɩɥɨ ɞɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ Ɉɛɴɟɦ ɩɟɱɢ ɩɨɞɛɢɪɚɥɫɹ ɬɚɤɢɦ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɜ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɡɢɦɵ ɬɟɩɥɨ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɥɨɫɶ ɧɚ ɫɭɬɤɢ ɨɬ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɬɨɩɤɢ ɩɟɱɢ ɞɨ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ Ƚɨɜɨɪɹ ɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɦ ɹɡɵɤɨɦ ɷɬɨ ɛɵɥɢ ɨɛɨɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥɢ ɫ ɬɟɩɥɨɜɵɦ ɚɤɤɭɦɭɥɹɬɨɪɨɦ ɬɜɟɪɞɨɝɨ ɬɢɩɚ

ϭϮϲ

Ɋɭɫɫɤɚɹ ɩɟɱɶ ɫ ɬɨɩɤɨɣ ɝɨɪɧɨɦ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟ- ɧɢɹ ɩɢɳɢ ɫɭɲɢ- ɥɤɨɣ ɞɥɹ ɞɪɨɜ ɬɟɩɥɨɣ ɥɟɠɚɧɤɨɣ

ȼ ɝɨɪɨɞɚɯ ɝɞɟ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɥɨɫɶ ɨɛɨɝɪɟɜɚɬɶ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɣ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɹ ɬɚɤɢɟ ɤɚɤ ɡɚɥɵ ɤɨɪɨɥɟɜɫɤɢɯ ɞɜɨɪɰɨɜ ɩɨɹɜɢɥɢɫɶ ɩɟɱɢ ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɨɝɪɟɜɚ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɣ ɬɚɤ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɟɦɵɟ ©ɝɨɥɥɚɧɞɤɢªɨɬɤɭɞɚ ɨɧɢ ɫɬɚɥɢ ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɵ ɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɩɨɫɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɉɟɬɪɚ I ȿɜɪɨɩɵ Ɍɚɤɢɟɨɬɨɩɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟɩɟɱɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɥɢɫɶ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜ ɠɢɥɵɯ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɹɯ ɧɨ ɢ ɜ ɰɚɪɫɤɢɯ ɞɜɨɪɰɚɯ ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɜ Ɂɢɦɧɟɦ ɞɜɨɪɰɟ ɩɨɱɟɦɭɨɧɢ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ©ɡɢɦɧɢɦªɬɚɤɤɚɤ ɡɢɦɨɣɨɛɨɝɪɟɜɚɥɫɹ ɩɟɱɚɦɢ

Ɉɬɨɩɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɩɟɱɶ ©ɝɨɥɥɚɧɞɤɚª, ɩɪɨɫɬɨɣ ɜɚɪɢɚɧɬ ɫɥɟɜɚ ɢ ɢɡɪɚɡɰɨɜɚɹ ɩɟɱɶ Ɂɢɦɧɟɝɨ ɞɜɨɪɰɚ ɜ ɋɚɧɤɬ-ɉɟɬɟɪɛɭɪɝɟ

ϭϮϳ

Ɍɚɤɢɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɢɦɟɟɬɫɹ ɛɨɥɶɲɨɣɨɩɵɬ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɨɬɨɩɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜ ɧɚ ɬɜɟɪɞɨɦ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɟ ɫ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɬɟɩɥɨɜɵɯ ɚɤɤɭɦɭɥɹɬɨɪɨɜ ɬɜɟɪɞɨɝɨ ɬɢɩɚ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸɳɢɯ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɦɢɤɪɨɤɥɢɦɚɬɚ ɜ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɹɯ ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɫɭɬɨɤ ɜ ɡɢɦɧɢɣ ɫɟɡɨɧ

Ɉɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɦɫɹ ɧɚ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɬɨɩɨɤ ɩɟɱɟɣ ɉɪɢ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɢ ɬɜɟɪɞɨɝɨ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ ɞɪɨɜ ɢɥɢ ɭɝɥɹ ɝɨɪɹɱɢɟ ɝɚɡɵ ɭɯɨɞɹɬ ɜ ɞɵɦɨɯɨɞ ɪɚɡɨɝɪɟɜɚɹ ɟɝɨ ɤɢɪɩɢɱɧɵɟ ɫɬɟɧɤɢ ɢ ɩɪɨɝɪɟɜɚɹ ɜɫɸ ɤɥɚɞɤɭ ɩɟɱɢ Ƚɨɪɟɧɢɹ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɜ ɡɨɧɭ ɝɨɪɟɧɢɹ ɋɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɝɨɪɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ɜ ɡɨɧɟ ɝɨɪɟɧɢɹ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨɦ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ȼɨ ɦɧɨɝɢɯ ɩɟɱɚɯ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɟ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɬɹɝɨɣ ɩɟɱɢ ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɬɨɩɤɚ ɪɭɫɫɤɨɣ ɩɟɱɢ ɝɨɪɧɢɥɨ ɢɥɢ ɚɧɝɥɢɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɤɚɦɢɧɚ ɞɜɟɪɨɤ ɧɟ ɢɦɟɥɢ ȼ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɟɱɚɯ ɬɨɩɤɚ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɤɨɥɨɫɧɢɤɨɜɭɸ ɪɟɲɟɬɤɭ ɧɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɭɸ ɩɨɦɟɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɨ ɚ ɬɨɩɤɚ ɡɚɤɪɵɬɚɞɜɟɪɤɨɣ ɋɧɢɡɭɱɟɪɟɡ ɩɨɞɞɭɜɚɥɨ ɢɦɟɸɳɟɝɨ ɫɜɨɸ ɞɜɟɪɤɭ ɩɨɞ ɤɨɥɨɫɧɢɤɨɜɭɸ ɪɟɲɟɬɤɭ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɚɟɬ ɜɨɡɞɭɯ ɢɡ ɩɨɞɞɭɜɚɥɚ

Ʉɭɯɨɧɧɚɹ ɩɟɱɶ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹɩɢɳɢ .

ɉɪɢ ɝɨɪɟɧɢɢ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ ɞɜɟɪɤɚ ɬɨɩɤɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɛɵɬɶ ɡɚɤɪɵɬɚ ɧɚ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɜɢɞɚɯ ɩɟɱɟɣ ɟɫɬɶ ɡɚɬɜɨɪɵ ɞɥɹ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɤɪɵɬɢɹ ɞɜɟɪɤɢ ɬɨɩɤɢ ȼ ɞɜɟɪɤɟ ɩɨɞɞɭɜɚɥɚ ɢɦɟɸɬɫɹ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɜ ɬɨɩɤɭ ɩɨɞ ɤɨɥɨɫɧɢɤɨɜɭɸ ɪɟɲɟɬɤɭ ɜ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɹɯ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɹ ɢɦɟɸɬ ɡɚɫɥɨɧɤɢ ɞɥɹ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ

Ɍɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ɜ ɡɨɧɟ ɝɨɪɟɧɢɹ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɞɨɫɬɢɝɚɬɶ -1200ɨɋ ɨ ɱɟɦ ɫɜɢɞɟɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɫɩɟɤɲɢɣɫɹ ɲɥɚɤ ɩɪɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɭɝɥɹ ɧɚ ɞɪɨɜɚɯ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨɦɟɧɶɲɟ ɉɪɢɬɚɤɨɣ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɟɞɵɦɨɜɵɟɝɚɡɵ ɧɟ ɭɫɩɟɜɚɸɬ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɬɶ ɬɟɩɥɨ ɤɢɪɩɢɱɧɵɦ ɫɬɟɧɤɚɦ ɞɵɦɨɯɨɞɚ ɢ ɬɟɩɥɨ

ϭϮϴ

ɛɭɤɜɚɥɶɧɨ ©ɭɥɟɬɚɟɬ ɜ ɬɪɭɛɭª ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɡɚɝɪɭɡɤɚ ɭɝɥɹ ɢɥɢ ɞɪɨɜ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɚɹɞɥɹɨɛɨɝɪɟɜɚ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɫɝɨɪɚɟɬɡɚ ɱɚɫ-ɞɜɚ ȼ ɨɫɬɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɨɛɨɝɪɟɜɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɹɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɡɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɧɚɤɨɩɥɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɬɟɩɥɚ ɤɥɚɞɤɨɣ ɩɟɱɢ ɑɟɝɨ ɧɚ ɨɫɬɚɜɲɟɟɫɹ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɫɭɬɨɤ ɱɚɫɬɨ ɧɟ ɯɜɚɬɚɟɬ

ɗɬɨɝɨ ɧɟ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɩɪɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɩɟɱɟɣ ɞɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɝɨɪɟɧɢɹ ȼ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɨɬɨɩɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɚɝɪɟɝɚɬɚɯ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɞɚɱɚ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɩɪɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦ ɝɨɪɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɩɪɢ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɟ ɨɤɨɥɨ 700ɨɋ ɉɪɢɧɚɥɚɞɤɟ ɨɬɨɩɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨɚɝɪɟɝɚɬɚ ɬɚɤɭɸ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɡɚɦɟɪɢɬɶ ɚ ɜ ɞɚɥɶɧɟɣɲɟɦ ɪɟɠɢɦ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɤɚɤ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɨ ɜɢɡɭɚɥɶɧɨ ɉɪɢ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɟ ɨɋ ɝɨɪɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɨ ɬɟɩɥɨ ɝɚɡɨɜ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɤɥɚɞɤɟ ɩɟɱɢ ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɲɥɚɤ ɧɟ ɫɩɟɤɚɟɬɫɹ ɚ ɨɛɪɚɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɦɟɥɤɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɨɲɤɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɩɪɨɫɵɩɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɳɟɥɢ ɤɨɥɨɫɧɢɤɨɜɨɣ ɪɟɲɟɬɤɢ ɢ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɭɞɚɥɹɟɬɫɹ Ɉɛɴɟɦ ɬɨɩɨɱɧɨɣ ɤɚɦɟɪɵ ɩɨɞɛɢɪɚɟɬɫɹ ɬɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɟɝɨ ɩɨɥɧɨɣ ɡɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɯɜɚɬɢɥɨ ɧɚ ɫɭɬɤɢ ɝɨɪɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢ ɬɚɤɨɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɨɬɨɩɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɚɝɪɟɝɚɬ ɡɚɝɪɭɠɚɟɬɫɹ ɨɞɢɧ ɪɚɡ ɜ ɫɭɬɤɢ ɧɨ ɜɵɞɟɥɹɟɬ ɬɟɩɥɨ ɪɚɜɧɨɦɟɪɧɨ ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɜɫɟɯ ɫɭɬɨɤ ɉɟɱɢ ɞɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɝɨɪɟɧɢɹ ɢɦɟɸɬɫɹ ɨɬɨɩɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɤɚɦɢɧɧɵɟ ɫ ɩɪɨɡɪɚɱɧɨɣ ɜɫɬɚɜɤɨɣ ɜ ɞɜɟɪɤɟ ɬɨɩɤɢ ɤɭɯɨɧɧɵɟ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɵɟ ɫ ɩɥɢɬɨɣ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɢɳɢ

ɉɟɱɢ ɞɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨɝɨɪɟɧɢɹ ɨɬɨɩɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɫɥɟɜɚ ɤɚɦɢɧɧɚɹ ɜ ɰɟɧɬɪɟ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɚɹ ɤɭɯɨɧɧɚɹ ɫ ɩɥɢɬɨɣ ɢ ɞɭɯɨɜɵɦ ɲɤɚɮɨɦ (ɫɩɪɚɜɚ).

ϭϮϵ

ɉɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɩɟɱɟɣ ɞɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɝɨɪɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɢɬɶ ɨɛɴɟɦɤɥɚɞɤɢ ɬɟɩɥɨɜɨɝɨɚɤɤɭɦɭɥɹɬɨɪɚ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɭɩɪɨɳɚɟɬ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɟ ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬ ɡɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ ɨɞɢɧ ɪɚɡ ɜ ɫɭɬɤɢ ɚ ɜ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɫɥɭɱɚɹɯ ɢ ɧɚ ɞɜɨɟ ɫɭɬɨɤ ɨɞɢɧ ɪɚɡ ɍɩɪɨɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɭɞɚɥɟɧɢɟ ɡɨɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɫɬɚɬɤɚ ɨɧ ɩɪɨɫɵɩɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɳɟɥɢ ɤɨɥɨɫɧɢɤɨɜɨɣ ɪɟɲɟɬɤɢ ɢ ɧɚɤɚɩɥɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɴɟɦɧɨɦ ɤɨɪɨɛɱɚɬɨɦ ɧɚɤɨɩɢɬɟɥɟ ɜ ɩɨɞɞɭɜɚɥɟ

ȼɬɨɪɨɣ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɣ ɨɬɨɩɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɨɣ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɬɟɩɥɨɫɴɟɦɚ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɹ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɰɢɪɤɭɥɹɰɢɢ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ȼ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɨɬɨɩɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɯ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɸɬɫɹ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ

ɬɟɩɥɨɩɟɪɟɞɚɸɳɢɟ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɜɨɡɞɭɯ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɨɬ ɝɨɪɹɱɢɯ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɬɨɩɤɢ Ɍɟɩɥɵɣ ɜɨɡɞɭɯ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɨɛɴɟɦɭ ɨɛɨɝɪɟɜɚɟɦɨɝɨ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɹ ɫɬɟɧɵ ɢ ɜɫɟ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɵ ɢ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɵ ɜ ɨɛɨɝɪɟɜɚɟɦɨɦ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ ɉɨ ɫɭɬɢ ɜɫɟ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɵ ɜ ɬɚɤɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɬɟɩɥɨɜɵɦɢ ɚɤɤɭɦɭɥɹɬɨɪɚɦɢ ɬɜɟɪɞɨɝɨ ɬɢɩɚ Ȼɥɚɝɨɞɚɪɹ ɬɚɤɨɦɭ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɭ ɟɦɤɨɫɬɶɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯɬɟɩɥɨɜɵɯ ɚɤɤɭɦɭɥɹɬɨɪɨɜɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɚ ɉɪɢɦɟɪɨɦ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɨɛɨɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɨɜ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɩɟɱɢ©Ȼɭɥɟɪɶɹɧª

ɋɯɟɦɚ ɩɨɞɨɝɪɟɜɚ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɢ ɜɧɟɲɧɢɣ ɜɢɞ ɞɜɭɯ

ɬɢɩɨɪɚɡɦɟɪɨɜ ɨɬɨɩɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɟɱɟɣ©Ȼɭɥɟɪɶɹɧª

ϭϯϬ

ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬɵ ɬɟɩɥɢɰ ɫ ɨɩɬɢɦɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɦɢ

ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɦɢ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɹ ɦɢɤɪɨɤɥɢɦɚɬɚ

Ɉɫɧɨɜɵɜɚɹɫɶ ɧɚ ɢɡɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɚɯ ɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɹ ɷɧɟɪɝɨɷɤɨɧɨɦɧɵɯ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɣ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɹ ɦɢɤɪɨɤɥɢɦɚɬɚ ɜ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɹɯ ɢɡɥɨɠɢɦ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɜɚɪɢɚɧɬɨɜ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɯ ɫɯɟɦ ɬɟɩɥɢɰ ɫ ɨɩɬɢɦɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɦɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɦɢ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɹ ɦɢɤɪɨɤɥɢɦɚɬɚ

Ɍɪɚɧɲɟɣɧɵɣ ɜɚɪɢɚɧɬ ɬɟɩɥɢɰɵ ɫ ɡɚɝɥɭɛɥɟɧɢɟɦ

ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɴɟɦɚ ɩɪɢ ɫɜɟɬɨɜɨɦ ɩɪɨɟɦɟ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɧɨɦ ɢɡ ɦɧɨɝɨɫɥɨɣɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɟɤɥɨɩɚɤɟɬɚ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɢɦɟɬɶ ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɩɨɬɟɪɢ ɬɟɩɥɚ

Ɍɪɚɧɲɟɣɧɵɣ ɜɚɪɢɚɧɬ ɬɟɩɥɢɰɵ ɫ ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɬɟɩɥɨɜɵɦɢ ɩɨɬɟɪɹɦɢ 1 ± ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɟ ɩɨɦɟ- ɳɟɧɢɟ ɬɟɩɥɢɰɵ ± ɥɟɧɬɨɱɧɵɣ ɮɭɧɞɚɦɟɧɬ ± ɤɚɪɤɚɫ ɢɡ ɤɨɪɨɛɱɚɬɨɝɨ ɫɬɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɝɧɭɬɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɹ 4 ± ɫɬɟɧɵ ɢɡ ɩɥɨɫɤɨɝɨ

ɲɢɮɟɪɚ± ɬɟɩɥɨɢɡɨɥɢɪɭɸɳɟɟ ɡɚɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟ ɢɡ ɝɥɢɧɹɧɨ-ɫɨɥɨɦɟɧɧɨɣ ɫɦɟɫɢ ± ɩɟɪɟɤɪɵɬɢɟ ɢɡ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɥɢɫɬɚ - ɬɟɩɥɨɢɡɨɥɹɰɢɹ ɩɨɤɪɵɬɢɹ ɢɡ ɝɥɢɧɹɧɨ-ɫɨɥɨɦɟɧɧɨɣ ɫɦɟɫɢ ɫ ɝɢɞɪɨɢɡɨɥɹɰɢɟɣ ɢɡ ɪɭɛɟɪɨɢɞɚ ɧɚ ɛɢɬɭɦɧɨɣ ɫɜɹɡɤɟ ± ɨɤɨɧɧɵɟ ɮɪɚɦɭɝɢ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɬɪɟɯɫɥɨɣɧɵɯ ɩɚɤɟɬɨɜ ± ɧɚɤɥɨɧɧɚɹ ɨɬɫɵɩɤɚ ɢɡ ɝɥɢɧɹɧɨ-ɫɨɥɨɦɟɧɧɨɣ ɫɦɟɫɢ ɫ ɧɚɪɭɠɧɨɣ ɝɢɞɪɨɢɡɨɥɹɰɢɟɣ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɰɟɦɟɧɬɧɨ-ɩɟɫɱɚɧɨɣ ɫɬɹɠɤɢ± ɝɢɞɪɨɢɡɨɥɹɰɢɹ ɬɟɩɥɨɢɡɨɥɢɪɭɸɳɟɝɨ

ϭϯϭ

ɫɥɨɹ ɫɬɟɧ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɩɨɥɢɷɬɢɥɟɧɨɜɨɣ ɩɥɟɧɤɢ - ɜɨɞɨɨɬɜɨɞɹɳɢɣ ɛɟɬɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɠɟɥɨɛ

ɉɪɟɞɥɚɝɚɟɦɚɹ ɫɯɟɦɚ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɢɬɶ ɬɟɩɥɢɰɭ ɩɪɢ ɦɚɥɵɯ ɡɚɬɪɚɬɚɯ ɇɚ ɞɧɟ ɬɪɚɧɲɢ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɥɟɧɬɨɱɧɵɣ ɮɭɧɞɚɦɟɧɬ ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɫɬɨɣɤɢ ɦɟɬɚɥɥɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɤɚɪɤɚɫɚ ɋɬɟɧɵ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɸɬɫɹ ɢɡ ɥɢɫɬɨɜɨɝɨ ɲɢɮɟɪɚ ɉɪɨɦɟɠɭɬɨɤ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɫɬɟɧɚɦɢ ɢ ɝɪɭɧɬɨɦ ɡɚɩɨɥɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɝɥɢɧɹɧɨ-ɫɨɥɨɦɟɧɧɨɣ ɫɦɟɫɶɸ ɫ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɞɥɹ ɷɬɨɝɨɜɵɧɭɬɨɝɨɝɪɭɧɬɚ Ɉɫɬɟɤɥɟɧɧɵɣ ɩɪɢ ɩɨɦɨɳɢ ɦɧɨɝɨɫɥɨɣɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɟɤɥɨɩɚɤɟɬɚ ɨɤɨɧɧɵɣɩɪɨɟɦ ɧɟ ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧ ɞɥɹ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɫɜɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɫɬɟɧɢɣ ɨɧ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɟɬ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɨɫɜɟɳɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɫ ɬɨɱɤɢ ɡɪɟɧɢɹ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɬɟɩɥɢɰɵ ɩɟɪɫɨɧɚɥɨɦ ȼɫɟ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɵ ɤɚɤ ɨɛɨɝɪɟɜ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɹ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɦɨɝɨ ɦɢɤɪɨɤɥɢɦɚɬɚ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɹ ɨɫɜɟɳɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɪɚɫɬɟɧɢɣ ɢ ɞɪ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚɦɢ ɩɨɥɭɱɚɸɳɢɦɢ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɸ ɥɢɛɨ ɨɬ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜɨɡɨɛɧɨɜɥɹɟɦɵɯ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɜ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ ɫɨɥɧɰɚ ɜɟɬɪɚ ɦɢɤɪɨȽɗɋ ɥɢɛɨ ɨɬ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɤɨɦɦɟɪɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɷɧɟɪɝɨɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɑɚɫɬɢɱɧɨ ɬɚɤɢɟ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɵ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɚɝɚɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɬɟɩɥɢɰɟ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɢɡ ɧɢɯ ɪɚɡɦɟɳɚɸɬɫɹ ɫɧɚɪɭɠɢ ɢɥɢ ɜ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɨɦ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ

Ɍɪɚɧɲɟɣɧɵɣ ɜɚɪɢɚɧɬ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɢɦɟɬɶ ɬɟɩɥɢɰɭ ɥɸɛɨɣ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɢ ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɞɥɢɧɵ ɬɪɚɧɲɟɢ

Ɍɟɩɥɢɰɚ ɬɢɩɚ ©ɘɪɬɚª ȼɬɨɪɨɣ ɜɚɪɢɚɧɬ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɦ ɞɥɹ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɭɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɩɪɢ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɢ ɬɟɩɥɢɰɵ ɧɚ ɫɜɨɟɦ ɩɨɞɜɨɪɶɟ ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɥɫɹ ɜɚɪɢɚɧɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɳɢɣ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɵ ɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɹ ɤɚɤ ɸɪɬɚ ɬɚɤ ɢ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ ɢɡ ɫɚɦɚɧɚ ɢɥɢ ɫɨɥɨɦɵ ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɥɚɝɚɹ ɱɬɨ ɞɥɹ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɭɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɬɟɥɶ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɜɪɚɫɩɨɪɹɠɟɧɢɢ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɧɭɸɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɸ

ϭϯϮ

ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɬɟɩɥɢɰɚ ɤɪɭɝɥɨɣ ɜ ɩɥɚɧɟ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɨɦ ɦ ɱɬɨ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɢ ɨɤɨɥɨ ɦ2.

ɋɯɟɦɚ ɬɟɩɥɢɰɵ ɬɢɩɚ©ɘɪɬɚª ± ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɝɪɭɧɬɚ - ɫɬɟɧɵ ɢɡ ɫɚɦɚɧɚ 3 ± ɡɚɝɥɭɛɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ± ɫɬɟɥɥɚɠɢ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɟ ɪɚɞɢɚɥɶɧɨɟɞɢɧɢɰ± ɤɢɪɩɢɱɧɵɣ ɚɤɤɭɦɭɥɹɬɨɪ ɬɟɩɥɨɬɵ± ɢɫɤɭɫɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ

ϭϯϯ

ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɢ ɫɜɟɬɚ± ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɵ ɭɫɪɟɞɧɟɧɢɹ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ 8- ɦɨɬɨɪ-ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪ ɞɥɹ ɜɵɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ ɧɚ ɛɟɧɡɢɧɟ ± ɩɪɨɯɨɞ ɤɨɥɶɰɟɜɨɣ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɬɟɥɥɚɠɟɣ±ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɭɬɟɩɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɬɟɧ ɢɡ ɝɥɢɧɵ - ɩɟɱɶ ɞɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɝɨɪɟɧɢɹ ɭɝɨɥɶɧɚɹ ɢɥɢ ɧɚ ɞɪɨɜɚɯ ± ɬɚɦɛɭɪ ± ɫɜɨɞ ɤɨɦɛɢɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɧɚ ɦɟɬɚɥɥɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɧɟɫɭɳɟɣ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɢɡ ɫɥɨɹ ɫɚɦɚɧɚ ɫ ɝɥɢɧɹɧɨɣ ɧɚɪɭɠɧɨɣ ɨɛɦɚɡɤɨɣ ± ɬɪɭɛɚ ɞɥɹ ɨɬɜɨɞɚ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɜ ɫɝɨɪɚɧɢɹ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ ɨɬɨɩɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɟɱɢ ɢ ɜɵɯɥɨɩɧɵɯ ɝɚɡɨɜ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ ɦɨɬɨɪ- ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ

ɉɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɟ ɬɟɩɥɢɰɵ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɬɫɹ ɱɚɫɬɢɱɧɨ ɡɚɝɥɭɛɥɟɧɧɵɦ Ɋɚɫɱɟɬɵ ɩɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɬ ɱɬɨ ɡɚɝɥɭɛɥɟɧɢɣ ɧɚ ɦ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɜɵɧɭɬɵɣ ɝɪɭɧɬ ɟɫɥɢ ɷɬɨ ɝɥɢɧɚ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɟɝɨ ɞɥɹ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɫɚɦɚɧɚ ɞɥɹ ɜɨɡɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɫɬɟɧ ɢ ɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɹ ɩɟɪɟɤɪɵɬɢɹ

ɋɬɟɧɵ ɬɟɩɥɢɰɵ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɸɬɫɹ ɢɡ ɛɥɨɤɨɜ ɫɚɦɚɧɚ ɨɫɬɚɜɲɢɣɫɹ ɝɪɭɧɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɞɥɹ ɨɬɫɵɩɤɢ ɫɬɟɧ ɤɚɤ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɬɟɩɥɨɢɡɨɥɹɰɢɹ ɉɪɢ ɜɵɫɨɬɟ ɫɬɟɧ ɦ ɡɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɡɚɝɥɭɛɥɟɧɢɹ ɨɛɳɚɹ ɜɵɫɨɬɚ ɜɟɪɬɢɤɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɫɬɟɧ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɦ

ɋɜɟɪɯɭ ɬɟɩɥɢɰɚ ɩɟɪɟɤɪɵɬɚ ɫɜɨɞɨɦ Ʉɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɹ ɫɜɨɞɚ ɤɨɦɛɢɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɚɹ ɤɚɪɤɚɫ ɫɜɨɞɚ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɢɡ ɞɭɝɨɜɵɯ ɬɪɭɛ ɤɜɚɞɪɚɬɧɨɝɨ ɫɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɭɤɥɚɞɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɥɨɣ ɫɚɦɚɧɧɵɯ ɛɥɨɤɨɜ ɫɜɟɪɯɭ ɢɦɟɸɳɢɣ ɝɥɢɧɹɧɭɸ ɫɬɹɠɤɭ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɨɣ ɦɦ

Ɉɛɨɝɪɟɜ ɬɟɩɥɢɰɵ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɦɟɫɬɧɨɦ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɟ ɭɝɥɟ ɢɥɢ ɞɪɨɜɚɯ ȼ ɰɟɧɬɪɟ ɬɟɩɥɢɰɵ ɪɚɡɦɟɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɜɟɪɬɢɤɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɤɢɪɩɢɱɧɵɣ ɚɤɤɭɦɭɥɹɬɨɪ ɬɟɩɥɨɜɨɣ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ ɜɧɭɬɪɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɢɦɟɸɬɫɹ ɞɵɦɨɯɨɞɵ ɞɥɹ ɬɨɩɨɱɧɵɯ ɝɚɡɨɜ Ɍɨɩɤɚ ɬɢɩɚ ɩɟɱɢ ɞɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɝɨɪɟɧɢɹ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɚ ɜ ɩɟɪɟɞɧɟɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɇɚ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɩɨɥɨɠɧɨɣ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧ ɦɨɬɨɪ-ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪ ɞɥɹ ɫɧɚɛɠɟɧɢɹ ɬɟɩɥɢɰɵ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɷɧɟɪɝɢɟɣ ɝɚɡɵ ɨɬ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɬɚɤɠɟ

ϭϯϰ

ɫɛɪɚɫɵɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɬɟɩɥɨɜɨɣ ɚɤɤɭɦɭɥɹɬɨɪ ɉɪɢ ɬɚɤɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɨɛɨɝɪɟɜɚ ɜɫɟ ɜɵɞɟɥɹɸɳɟɟɫɹ ɬɟɩɥɨ ɜɵɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɬɟɩɥɢɰɟ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɹ ɦɢɤɪɨɤɥɢɦɚɬ ɑɬɨɛɵ ɬɟɩɥɵɣ ɜɨɡɞɭɯ ɧɟ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɢɪɨɜɚɥɫɹ ɜ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɢɦɟɸɬɫɹ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɵ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸɳɢɟ ɭɫɪɟɞɧɟɧɢɟ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ

ȼɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚ ɜɨɞɹɧɨɣɫɢɫɬɟɦɵɨɛɨɝɪɟɜɚɫ ɫɨɥɧɟɱɧɵɦ ɜɨɞɨɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥɟɦ ɢ ɜɨɞɹɧɵɦ ɚɤɤɭɦɭɥɹɬɨɪɨɦ ɢ ɫ ɨɬɨɩɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɪɚɞɢɚɬɨɪɚɦɢ ɜ ɬɟɩɥɢɰɟ Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɪɚɞɢɚɬɨɪɨɜ ɬɚɤɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɜɧɟ ɬɟɩɥɢɰɵ ɇɨ ɬɚɤɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɛɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɹ

ȼɨɤɪɭɝ ɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɬɟɩɥɨɜɨɝɨ ɚɤɤɭɦɭɥɹɬɨɪɚ ɪɚɞɢɚɥɶɧɨ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɚɝɚɸɬɫɹ ɫɬɟɥɥɚɠɟɣ ɜɵɫɨɬɨɣ ɦ ɢ ɢɦɟɸɳɢɟ - ɩɨɥɨɤ ɧɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɜɵɪɚɳɢɜɚɧɢɟ ɨɜɨɳɧɨɣ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ ɩɨ ɦɟɬɨɞɭ ɤɚɩɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɥɢɜɚ ɧɚ ɢɫɤɭɫɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɦ ɝɪɭɧɬɟ ɝɢɞɪɨɩɨɧɢɤɢ ɢ ɚɷɪɨɩɨɧɢɤɢ ɉɪɢ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɢ ɡɚɧɢɦɚɟɦɨɣ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢ ɦɧɨɝɨɹɪɭɫɧɵɟ ɫɬɟɥɥɚɠɢ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɸɬ ɢɦɟɬɶ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɶ ɜɵɪɚɳɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɞɜɚ ɪɚɡɚ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɢ ɩɨɥɚ ɬɟɩɥɢɰɵ

Ʉɚɤ ɨɬɦɟɱɚɥɨɫɶ ɞɥɹ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɧɚɛɠɟɧɢɹ ɢɦɟɟɬɫɹ ɦɨɬɨɪ- ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ ɟɝɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ ɤȼɬ ɉɨɫɤɨɥɶɤɭ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɟ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɥɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɡɚɤɪɵɬɵɦ ɨɫɜɟɳɟɧɢɟ ɫɨɡɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɥɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɡɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɢɫɤɭɫɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɜ ɫɜɟɬɚ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɥɸɦɢɧɢɫɰɟɧɬɧɵɟ ɥɚɦɩɵ ɚ ɜ ɩɟɪɫɩɟɤɬɢɜɟ ɢ ɫɜɟɬɨɞɢɨɞɧɵɟ ɫ ɛɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɫɩɟɤɬɪɨɦ ɢɡɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ Ɇɨɬɨɪ- ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɟɬ ɪɚɛɨɬɭ ɢɫɤɭɫɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɜ ɫɜɟɬɚ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ɨɫɜɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɞɨɫɬɢɝɚɟɬ - ɱɚɫɨɜ ɜ ɫɭɬɤɢ

Ⱦɥɹ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ ɤɚɤ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɨɜ ɧɚɫɨɫɨɜ ɩɨɥɢɜɚ ɭɜɥɚɠɧɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɧɟɛɨɥɶɲɚɹ ɪɟɠɢɦ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɚ ɫɭɦɦɚɪɧɨɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɧɟɛɨɥɶɲɨɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɢɡ

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