- •Chapter 1
- •Text 1 Metals in Perspective
- •Task 1 Phonetic Exercise
- •Task 2 Lexical Exercises
- •Task 3 Focus on Grammar
- •Articles
- •Text 2
- •Hephaestus
- •Task 2 Comprehension Check
- •Oral Practice
- •Unit 2 Text 1
- •The Importance of Iron and Advent of Steel
- •Task 1
- •Phonetic Exercise
- •Task 2 Lexical Exercises
- •Task 3. Focus on Grammar
- •Degrees of Comparison
- •The sooner you finish this work,the better it will be for you.
- •Text 2
- •Some of the Great Names in the History of Metallurgy
- •Task 2 Comprehension Check
- •Unit 3 Text 1
- •Iron in the Middle Ages
- •Task 1 Phonetic Exercise
- •Task 2. Lexical Exercises
- •Task 3. Focus on Grammar
- •Text 2
- •The Coming of the Vikings
- •Task 2. Comprehension Check
- •Unit 4 Text 1
- •Iron - Smelting without Charcoal
- •The First Blast Furnaces
- •Task 1. Phonetic Exercise
- •Task 2.
- •Lexical Exercises
- •Task 3. Focus on Grammar
- •Indefinite and Distributive Adjectives and Pronouns
- •Text 2
- •The Crusades
- •Task 2. Comprehension Check
- •Oral Practice
- •Chapter 2
- •Task 1. Phonetic Exercise
- •Task 2. Lexical Exercises
- •Task 3. Focus on Grammar
- •Present Perfect And Perfect Continuous
- •This tense is used for an action which began in the past and is still continuing (usually with for and since):
- •Я жду уже целый час, а он еще не пришел.
- •Exercise 1.Translate into Russian. Comment on the use of Tenses.
- •Text 2
- •A Tight Little Island
- •Task 2. Comprehension Check
- •Supermarket sweets handcream
- •Unit 2
- •Text 1 More Progress in Steel Production
- •Task 1. Phonetic Exercise
- •Task 2. Lexical Exercises
- •Task 3. Focus on Grammar
- •Text 2
- •Task 2 Comprehension Check
- •Lincoln
- •Directions
- •Prepositions
- •Unit 3 Text 1 Steel Production in Sheffield
- •Task 1. Phonetic Exercise
- •Task 2. Lexical Exercises
- •The blast furnace
- •Task 3. Focus on Grammar
- •Text 2.
- •Task 2. Comprehension Check
- •Student Grants
- •Unit 4 Text 1 The British Steel Industry Today
- •Task 1. Phonetic Exercise
- •Task 2. Lexical Exercises
- •Task 3. Focus on Grammar
- •Text 2
- •Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine
- •Task 2. Comprehension Check
- •Merry Christmas! Поздравляю с Рождеством
- •Is your writing narrow?
- •Task 1. Phonetic Exercise
- •Task 2 Lexical Exercises
- •Task 3. Focus on Grammar
- •Text 2 British Customs and Traditions
- •April Fools’ Day
- •Task 2. Comprehension Check
- •The Mount Everest is8,848 metreshigh.
- •Unit 2 Text 1 Precious Metals
- •Task 1. Phonetic Exercise
- •Task 2. Lexical Exercises
- •Task 3. Focus on Grammar
- •Text 2
- •Land and Climate
- •Task 2. Comprehension Check
- •Inviting. Eating out.
- •Unit 3 Text 1 The Alchemists
- •Task 1. Phonetic Exercise
- •Task 2. Lexical Exercises
- •Task 3. Focus on Grammar
- •Text 2
- •New York
- •Task 2. Comprehension Check
- •Unit 4 Text 1 Silverware and Plate Industry
- •Task 1. Phonetic Exercise
- •Task 2. Lexical Exercises
- •Task 3. Focus on Grammar
- •Text 2 The us Government
- •Task 2. Comprehension Check
- •Chapter 4
- •Task 1. Phonetic Exercise
- •Task 2. Lexical Exercises
- •Task 3. Focus on Grammar
- •Simple to give to be given
- •Text 2 Results of Immigration
- •Task 2. Comprehension Check
- •Unit 2 Text 1 Basic Metallurgy of Cast Iron
- •Task 1. Phonetic Exercise
- •Task 2. Lexical Exercises
- •Task 3. Listening Comprehension
- •Task 4. Focus on Grammar
- •Text 2
- •Education
- •Task 2. Comprehension Check
- •Unit 3 Text 1 Alloy Steels
- •Task 1. Phonetic Exercise
- •Task 2. Lexical Exercises
- •Task 3. Focus on Grammar
- •Text 2
- •The us Customs and Traditions Thanksgiving Day
- •Information Letter. Going on a Business Trip
- •Unit 4 Text 1
- •Aluminum
- •Task 1. Phonetic Exercise
- •Task 2. Lexical Exercises
- •Task 3. Focus on Grammar
- •Text 2
- •American English
- •Task 2. Comprehension Check
Task 1. Phonetic Exercise
Practise after the speaker and learn how to pronounce the words given below:
bauxite /bo:ksait/; silicate /’silikeit/; caustic /ko:stik/; fluoride /flurid/; cryolite /’krailait/; coincidence /kou’insidns/; surface /’s:fis/; lorry /lori/.
Task 2. Lexical Exercises
Exercise 1. Find the English equivalents for the words and word-combinations
given below and use them in the sentences of your own.
самый распространенный металл; бокситы; добывать из; фтористое соединение; криолит; разлагать; хороший проводник электричества; предохранять металлы от ржавчины; поверхность; покрытие; понизить цену до.
Exercise 2. Match the English words and word combinations given
below with their Russian equivalents. Use them in the
sentences of your own.
1. it occurs naturally 1. в течение долгого времени
2. over long periods 2. они - ровесники
3. sugar-like 3. алюминиевая фольга
4. by coincidence 4. чистая окись алюминия
5. they are the same age 5. защищать металл от доступа воздуха
6. to seal a metal from 6. по случайному стечению обстоятельств
the air (случайно)
7. aluminium foil 7. встречается в природе
8. pure aluminium oxide 8. похожий на сахар
Exercise 3. Answer the following questions
1. Where does aluminium occur naturally? 2. Was aluminium always a cheap metal? 3. What reduced the price of aluminium? 4. What are the properties of aluminium? 5. Is aluminium widely used and where?
Exercise 4. Paraphrase the following sentences using the words from
the list given below.
1. Aluminium is drawn out from bauxite by the Bayer process.
2. We use aluminium to shield metals from corroding.
3. Aluminium is found mainly in bauxite.
4. Aluminium used to be a very dear metal before two chemists opened how to extract it using electricity.
5. Aluminium oxide encloses a metal securely from the air.
occur discover extract expensive protect seal
Exercise 5. Listen to the lecture and answer the questions.
1. Did the use of aluminium improve the quality of a large road bridge in Pennsylvania?
2. Why has aluminium been slow in progress?
3. What is necessary to reduce the price of aluminium?
4. What are the best qualities of aluminium?
Exercise 6. Translate at sight. What else do you know about aluminium?
1. Aluminium alloys can possess the strength of steel, though only a third the weight. 2. Cows give more milk when there are cool, heat-reflecting aluminium roofs on their dairy barns. 3. Aluminium offers a bright hope for energy conservation. 4. In direct contact with a heat source, aluminium is an excellent conductor. 5. World’s lightweight champion in the long-distance transport of electricity, aluminium, has virtually replaced heavier copper in high-voltage power lines. 6. Nearly indestructible, aluminium can be remelted over and over. 7. Aluminium is alloyed with small amounts of other metals. 8. Copper adds strength; magnesium imparts additional marine-corrosion resistance.