- •1496 Corba - Object-Oriented Technology)
- •1432 Five Object Oriented Development Methods, Research report, hp Laboratories,
- •1866 Corba Implementation Descriptions: Object-Oriented Technologies dome
- •135 Based approaches (e.G. Smalltalk handles) allow powerful dynamic typing, as
- •83 There are many definitions of an object, such as found in [Booch 91, p77]:
- •83 There are many definitions of an object, such as found in [Booch 91, p77]:
- •48 Languages that are historically procedural languages, but have been extended with some oo features. Examples: Visual Basic (derived from basic), Fortran 2003, Perl, cobol 2002, php, abap.
- •121 Interface - e.G. Gui
- •197 Sharing and often instances will simply delegate to parents to access methods
- •670 Polymorphic languages can be statically typed to provide strong type checking,
- •Inclusion
- •209 Usage is atypical] See [Booch 94, pp 154-155] for a brief discussion of
- •203 Parents (as any other member) can be added or changed dynamically, providing
- •23 Subtype polymorphism
- •18 A survey by Deborah j. Armstrong of nearly 40 years of computing literature identified a number of "quarks", or fundamental concepts, found in the strong majority of definitions of oop.
- •24 Object inheritance (or delegation)
- •295 1.4) What Is a Meta-Class? (Object-Oriented Technology)
- •228 [Booch 91, p. 45] defines: "Encapsulation is the process of hiding all of the
- •912 Polymorphism is the ability of an object (or reference) to assume (be replaced
- •702 See also section 3.7, the Annotated Bibliography, and appendix d. The
- •120 Application Objects - In the Object Model
- •210 Prototype theory in the context of ooa and ood.
- •180 Derived class, parent class
- •400 Specify required attributes of a matching object (see sections 2.1, 2.7 and
- •2282 Garbage collection (gc) is a facility in the run-time system associated with a
- •1540 From a joint proposal (named "corba") of Hewlett-Packard, ncr Corp.,
- •170 Inheritance. This is an example of dynamic binding, which replaces a
- •1519 1) The Object Request Broker, or key communications element, for
- •714 Of externally observable behavior; a complete, consistent, and feasible
- •749 (User-)environment). The product, or resultant model,
- •302 The Meta-Class can also provide services to application programs, such as
- •1511 In late 1990 the omg published its Object Management Architecture
- •621 Term "multi-method") consider the functional and receiver based forms
- •1617 Between applications on different machines in heterogeneous
- •192 Objects contain fields, methods and delegates (pseudo parents), whereas
- •159 Function taking an object of the record type, called the receiver, as the
- •1346 Information, updates to Release 1.1 of The Object Database Standard:
- •458 Or change parents from objects (or classes) at run-time. Actors, clos, and
- •774 Should be made into a public standard, perhaps to be adopted by the omg. The
- •140 Objects [Kim 89, ch 19 and Yaoqing 93]. Simple static approaches are found in
- •18 A survey by Deborah j. Armstrong of nearly 40 years of computing literature identified a number of "quarks", or fundamental concepts, found in the strong majority of definitions of oop.
- •18 A survey by Deborah j. Armstrong of nearly 40 years of computing literature identified a number of "quarks", or fundamental concepts, found in the strong majority of definitions of oop.
- •168 [Stroustrup 90] covers the implementation details of virtual member functions
- •220 Parents when certain predicates are true. This can support a types
- •148 In more conventional languages to fully emulate this style of dynamically typed
- •2052 - Naming - network implementation of X.500 directory
- •2082 2 V1.X. Development
- •2182 Functionality than specified by the X.500 standard. Because dome goes
- •2191 - True messaging for workflow management and edi
- •1166 Used for assignment compatibility forcing an assigned object to inherit
- •2065 Registering services and entities in a distributed
- •1541 HyperDesk Corp., Digital Equipment Corp., Sun Microsystems and Object
- •2038 Toolkits (others are planned for future release) --
- •2434 Testing of Object-Oriented Programming (toop) faq
- •863 See also [Yourdon 92], [Wilkie 93], and [Booch 94] for discussions on this
- •1465 [Wilkie 93] summarizes, compares, and provides examples of Booch, Wirfs-Brock,
- •2311 Length, include file nesting and macro stack depth. This causes
- •2257 Optical or magnetic media containing all files required to load and
- •2489 Bezier, Boris, "Software Testing Techniques", 2nd edition, Van Nostrand
- •602 Notations for invoking a method, and this invocation can be called a message
- •1776 Object-communication mechanism across heterogeneous networks by using the
- •1391 It covers extensible objected-oriented programming from hardware up.
- •1317 Structured subobjects, each object has its own identity, or object-id (as
- •434 1.9) Does Multiple Inheritance Pose Any Additional Difficulties? (Object-Oriented Technology)
- •1751 Hp believes it is best positioned to help customers take advantage of
- •2709 One. This is a beta release and _should_ compile on any posix.1 system.
- •660 Dominate and double dispatch can be suffered, or an embedded dynamic typing
192 Objects contain fields, methods and delegates (pseudo parents), whereas
197 sharing and often instances will simply delegate to parents to access methods
200 fields, methods and parents and any object can be used as a template
203 parents (as any other member) can be added or changed dynamically, providing
220 parents when certain predicates are true. This can support a types
271 (parents, or recursive structure and behavior) for objects. As pointed out
300 dictionaries for methods, instances, and parents and methods to perform all
303 returning a set of all methods, instances or parents for review (or even
384 Inherited parents can specify various flavors of state. Delegation languages
388 inheritance can also share parents within a class lattice (CLOS and Eiffel
439 distinct parents can declare a member within a multiple inheritance hierarchy,
441 parent members that conflict. Self prioritizes parents. CLOS merges member
458 or change parents from objects (or classes) at run-time. Actors, CLOS, and
470 common subtype as its type). C++ provides an alternative, where only parents
476 resolution but requires more work for parents with many features.
receiver
159 Function taking an object of the record type, called the receiver, as the
160 first parameter. The receiver is called self (Smalltalk) or this (C++).
169 in C++, which also involve an offset for the receiver to handle multiple-
263 object of that class and not just the receiver. Methods can only access the
264 receiver in per-object protection. This supports a subtyping model, as any
265 object other than the receiver is only satisfying an abstract type interface,
592 1.18) What Is A Method? (And Receiver And Message) (Object-Oriented Technology)
599 the object to work on. This object is called the receiver, which is the object
601 which do not have a receiver, or "this" pointer. The following are some common
604 receiver.message_name(a1, a2, a3)
605 receiver message_name: a1 parm1: a2 parm3: a3
613 message based (receiver based) notation.
621 term "multi-method") consider the functional and receiver based forms
1075 in in the derived class, along with offsets to reset the receiver).
1265 distinguish a receiver, but packages can help make up the difference.
release
1346 Information, updates to Release 1.1 of The Object Database Standard:
1827 HP's limited release of HP ORB Plus to key developers is designed so that
1859 RDOM has been at beta test sites since January. General release of
1935 The latest release of Orbix, Version 1.2, includes an Object Loader function
1979 The full Orbix availability and release schedule looks like:
1980 Operating System C++ Compiler Release
2002 Release of Orbix on OS
2020 Cooperative Frameworks release 3.0 makes the product
2038 toolkits (others are planned for future release) --
2071 - Event Service (Release 3.1) - Implements an OMG
2090 Release date - Release 3.0 is available now to early
2092 Release 3.1 will be available to early developers 1Q 1994
2549 during the first release of their initial class library.
2709 one. This is a beta release and _should_ compile on any POSIX.1 system.
run-time
458 Or change parents from objects (or classes) at run-time. Actors, clos, and
682 There is some concern about the efficiency of run-time method selection as
690 and run-time selection (or checking) as unavoidable in the general case [a
1024 programming, this refers to the ability of an entity to refer at run-time to
1067 function at run-time because a derived class may override the function, in
1076 The run-time selection of methods is another case of dynamic binding, meaning
1077 lookup is performed (bound) at run-time (dynamically). This is often desired
1088 not available until run-time).
1115 information is available on objects at run-time. Dynamic typing uses the
1117 run-time. Statically typed dynamic binding is a compromise (usually
1253 piece by piece at run-time, although the term "prototyping" in the context of
1815 -- run-time version, for full production deployment; and
2131 middleware - run-time system software that is layered between an
2282 Garbage collection (GC) is a facility in the run-time system associated with a
2679 *Automatic run-time error-checking on executables to enhance quality
simple
2 In the domain of object-oriented programming an object is usually taken to mean an ephemeral compilation of attributes (object elements) and behaviors (methods or subroutines) encapsulating an entity. In this way, while primitive or simple data types are still just single pieces of information, object-oriented objects are complex types that have multiple pieces of information and specific properties (or attributes). Instead of merely being assigned a value, (like int =10), objects have to be "constructed". In the real world, if a Ford Focus is an "object" - an instance of the car class, its physical properties and its function to drive would have been individually specified. Once the properties of the Ford Focus "object" had been specified into the form of the car class, it can be endlessly copied to create identical objects that look and function in just the same way. As an alternative example, animal is a superclass of primate and primate is a superclass of human. Individuals such as Joe Bloggs or John Doe would be particular examples or 'objects' of the human class, and consequently possess all the characteristics of the human class (and of the primate and animal superclasses as well).
4 Objects are used in software development to implement abstract data structures, by bringing together the data components with the procedures that manipulate them. Objects in object- oriented programming are key in the concept of inheritance; thereby improving program reliability[attribution needed], simplification of software maintenance[attribution needed], the management of libraries, and the division of work in programmer teams. Object-oriented programming languages are generally designed to exploit and enforce these potential advantages of the object model. Objects can also make it possible to handle very disparate objects by the same piece of code, as long as they all have the proper method. Simple, non-OOP programs may be one "long" list of statements (or commands). More complex programs will often group smaller sections of these statements into functions or subroutines each of which might perform a particular task. With designs of this sort, it is common for some of the program's data to be 'global', i.e. accessible from any part of the program. As programs grow in size, allowing any function to modify any piece of data means that bugs can have wide-reaching effects.
134 based, capability-based, and simple static-based approaches. Descriptor-
140 objects [Kim 89, ch 19 and Yaoqing 93]. Simple static approaches are found in
141 languages such as C++, although the new RTTI facility will supply simple
150 Below is a simple example to show a most trivial case of OO implementation.
154 Simple statically-typed objects (static and auto vars and temps in C++ and
204 dynamic multiple inheritance (or more typically simple delegation). Here, the
515 systems that provide inheritance, inheritance provides a simple and elegant way
691 point often mistaken in comp.object. E.g. simple statically
1073 providing statically-typed dynamic binding (this is really just defining simple
1096 simple call. It also allows small packages of behavior, improving coherence
1899 Database distribution can be as simple persistent files,
2378 works well in simple cases like strings where the data is not polymorphic
2643 which includes a simple Tester class written by Bruce Samuelson
standard