10. A) Complete the text with the verbs from the box making all necessary changes. You may use each word only once.
|
to spread |
to grow up |
to prevail |
to build |
to grant |
|
to unload |
to destroy |
to strike |
to invade |
to remind |
In the first century Britain was part of the Roman Empire and "Londonium" was an important town on the north side of the river "Thamesis", roughly between the present-day sites of the Tower and Blackfriars Bridge. London ……. 1 at one end of the bridge that the Romans built across the Thames when they ……. 2 Britain. Ships sailed right up the Thames and ……. 3 near the bridge. London soon became a flourishing trading town and a massive wall was ……. 4 around the City.
In 1066 William the Conqueror ……. 5 the citizens of London special rights, but built the Tower to ……. 6 them of his power. The Tower was built just within the old Roman walls of London.
During
the Middle Ages, the City of London was a thriving and expanding
city. In 1535 it had 100, 000 inhabitants, and its power was still
growing. Filth and disease …….7
in many parts of London. The plague ……. 8
again
and again, resulting in the death of tens of thousands. In 1665 there
was a terrible plague in London. Many people died and in 1666 the
plague was followed by the Great Fire of London. The fire swept
through the City – ……. 9
everything
in its path, including the plague.
A new London rose from the ashes, topped by the mighty dome of Wren's beautiful masterpiece – St. Paul's Cathedral. Slowly London grew outside the City walls and ……. 10 further outwards into the country. Today Greater London covers 1,580 square kilometres. The distance from north to south is about 70 kilometres and from east to west about 91 kilometres. It has a population of about 6,7 million people.
b) Work in pairs to define whether these statements are true (T) or false (F).
1. London grew up at one end of the bridge that the Romans built across the Thames when they invaded Britain.
2. London soon became a financial town and a massive wall was built around Whitehall.
3. During the Middle Ages, the City of London was a thriving and expanding city.
4. In 1355 it had 100, 000 inhabitants, and its power was still growing.
5. In 1655 there was a terrible plague in London.
6. Many people died and in 1666 the plague was followed by the Great Fire of London.
7. Today Greater London covers 1,580 square kilometers.
11. A) Fill in the articles where necessary:
After … Romans left in AD 410, … town declined. … Anglo-Saxons who settled in … region were farmers living in small rural communities. But, by AD 800, London was … busy trade centre again.
… town’s strategic and commercial importance grew and it was fought over by Vikings and warring Saxon factions before falling into … hands of William … Conqueror in 1066. Under his reign, … Tower of London was built to protect … city.
During … next five centuries, London became … bustling medieval city of timber-framed buildings towering over narrow, winding streets, with gothic churches and cathedrals. It also became … city of slums, squalor and disease. … Black Death, halving … population of … city in 1348, and … Great Plague of 1665, claiming
100, 000 lives, are only … most extreme examples of frequent epidemics that swept … city. Rich citizens were able to escape … filth and moved to … greener outskirts, thus expanding … West End.
b) Retell the text.
12. Translate the text into English:
ЛОНДОН
Лондон притягує своєю самобутністю. Тут живуть 7 млн. мешканців і принаймні 1 млн. працівників приїжджає сюди щодня на роботу. Лондон - разом із своїми околицями з їх невеличкими будиночками й садочками - простягнувся від одного краю до іншого на 25 миль (40 км). Місто являє собою квітучу культурну столицю Європи, де зародилися деякі з музичних напрямків, театральних жанрів й мистецьких шкіл.
До того ж Лондон як столиця Британської імперії має велику архітектурну цінність. Це багатюще місто, економічні обсяги якого такі ж, як у Саудівської Аравії. У Сіті, фінансовому центрі Лондона, працює 800 000 чоловік - це більше, ніж населення Франкфурта. Проте 7 із 32 нетрів Лондона входять до 10 найбідніших нетрів Великобританії.
THE BRITISH PARLIAMENT
1. Discuss these questions in pairs:
Who is the head of the government in Britain?
How many parts does Parliament have?
What are they?
Who is the leader of the political party?
What can you tell about the House of Lords?
2. Read the text about the structure of government in Great Britain; make sure you study the language of the text to be competent in further exercises and discussions. Be ready to give full answers to the questions above.