- •Міністерство освіти і науки україни
- •Удк 802 ббк 81.2 англ.
- •Introduction welcome to the course of special english for the future specialists in the field of civil engineering!
- •Contents
- •Supplementary Texts for Discussion:the system of education in great britain and america
- •R e a d I n g Key terms
- •1. Study key words and their definitions before reading Text a:
- •2. Match these terms with their definitions:
- •3. Make up all possible questions:
- •1. Make up infinitive phrases using the texts:
- •2. Choose the correct questions to the italicized words:
- •1. Analyze main issues:
- •2. Analyze the details:
- •1. Read and translate into Ukrainian the following English phrases:
- •2. Read and translate into English the following Ukrainian phrases:
- •3. Make up sentences using the given words:
- •3.1. Translate two abstracts in a written form.
- •1. Agree or disagree with the statements using the following
- •2. Discuss the information about:
- •In pairs ask and answer questions about:
- •R e a d I n g
- •2. Match these terms with their definitions:
- •3. Answer the questions using the key terms and their definitions:
- •International words
- •1. Read and give Ukrainian equivalents:
- •1. Match English and Ukrainian equivalents :
- •2. Choose the phrases in the Text a to complete the following sentences:
- •4. Answer the questions to Text a:
- •1. Make up infinitive phrases using the texts:
- •2. Choose the correct questions to the italicized words:
- •1. Analyze main issues:
- •1. Read and translate into Ukrainian the following English phrases:
- •2. Read and translate into English the following Ukrainian phrases:
- •W r I t I n g
- •1. Agree or disagree with the statements using the phrases given in brackets: indeed, of course, certainly, that goes without saying
- •2. Discuss the information about:
- •3. Make an overview of the issues:
- •1. You are a participant of the conference “Role of a transport engineer in modern city”. Be ready to take part in the discussion. Use the information given below as a guide:
- •3. Make a presentation of the profession of environmental engineer, which is crucial for the present and future well-being of the planet.
- •R e a d I n g
- •2. Match these terms with their definitions:
- •1. Make up infinitive phrases using the text:
- •2. Choose the phrases in Text a to complete the following
- •3. Make up all possible questions:
- •4. Answer the questions to Text a:
- •1. Match English and Ukrainian equivalents:
- •2. Choose the correct questions to the italicized words:
- •1. Analyze main issues:
- •2. Analyze the details:
- •1. Read and translate into Ukrainian the following English phrases:
- •2. Read and translate into English the following Ukrainian phrases:
- •3. Make up sentences using the given words:
- •3.1. Translate two abstracts in a written form.
- •4. In pairs ask and answer questions about:
- •Specialized Roles of Computers
- •1. Learn the meaning of these terms and use them when discussing the topic.
- •2.Learn the following words and phrases and use them when discussing the topic.
- •3.Learn the following English-Ukrainian topical glossary to understand the text and discuss the topic.
- •Give /conduct examination Проводити (приймати) екзамен
- •I. Read, translate and discuss the text
- •2. Match the following words with their respective definitions:
- •3. Look through again and answer the following comprehensive questions:
- •4. Complete the following sentences, selecting words from the list given below:
- •5. Look through the text again and render it in English.
- •6. Prepare a short presentation about:
- •Text 2. The British Universities
- •1.Read and discuss text 2
- •Text 3. A National Institution with International Perspectives
- •1.Read and discuss text 3
- •2. What did you know from the text about:
- •8. Using the above conversational phrases and English-Ukrainian glossary discuss the following topics:
- •9. Begin your questions with phrases like:
- •10. Read and learn the following interview and make up a similar interview of an English student about university education in Ukraine.
- •Text b College Life in England
- •The Open University
- •R e f e r e n c e s
- •English for civil engineers
R e a d I n g
Key Terms
Study key terms and their definitions before reading Text A:
engineering |
the profession and activity of designing roads, bridges, machines, electrical equipment etc |
construction engineering
|
the branch of civil engineering that involves planning and execution of the designs from different types of civil engineers |
environmental engineering
|
the subdivision of civil engineering that deals with treatment of wastes and purification of water and air, etc |
geotechnical engineering
|
the area of civil engineering concerned with the rock and soil that civil engineering systems are supported by |
water resources engineering
|
the branch of civil engineering dealing with the collection and management of water as a natural resource |
structural engineering |
the sub-field of civil engineering concerned with the structural design and analysis of large structures such as buildings, towers, bridges, tunnels, etc |
material engineering |
material engineering deals with ceramics, metals, polymers, etc |
2. Match these terms with their definitions:
1. water resources engineering
|
a. the subdivision of civil engineering that deals with treatment of wastes and purification of water and air, etc |
2. geotechnical engineering
|
b. the profession and activity of designing roads, bridges, machines, electrical equipment etc |
3. structural engineering |
c. the branch of civil engineering that involves planning and execution of the designs from different types of civil engineers |
4. construction engineering
|
d. the subfield of civil engineering concerned with the structural design and analysis of large structures such as buildings, towers, bridges, tunnels, etc |
5. material engineering |
e. the branch of civil engineering dealing with the collection and management of water as a natural resource |
6. environmental engineering
|
f. the area of civil engineering concerned with the rock and soil that civil engineering systems are supported by |
7. engineering |
g. material engineering deals with ceramics, metals, polymers, etc |
3. Answer the questions using the key terms and their definitions:
What is construction engineering?
How is the subfield of civil engineering concerned with the structural design and analysis of large structures defined?
Give the definition of geotechnical engineering.
What is water resources engineering?
What branch of civil engineering involves planning and execution of the designs from different types of civil engineers?
What is environmental engineering?
What is engineering?
International words
1. Read and give Ukrainian equivalents:
career, tunnel, municipal, chemical, hydraulic, geotechnical, ecology, biology, dynamics, statistics, asphalt, channel, meteorology, storm, distribution system, aluminum, steel.
Give English equivalents:
Дисципліна, мати тенденцію, будівельний код, тунель, канал, запропонована дія, дренажні засобі, операції з логістики, природний ресурс.
Text A
Read, translate and be ready to do tasks after the text:
Civil Engineering Subdivisions (1)
Have you ever wondered what Civil Engineers do and what a career in Civil Engineering would entail?
Civil Engineering is a profession concerned with virtually all aspects of the urban environment and the interactions between constructed, natural and human environments. As a Civil Engineer you will embark on a career that is challenging, rewarding and that can make a difference in everyday lives.
There are different types of Civil Engineers: those that deal with visible things such as buildings, tunnels and highways and those that work on “behind the scenes” projects such as pipelines, building foundations, and water treatment.
Civil engineering is the oldest engineering discipline after military engineering, and it was defined to distinguish non-military engineering from military engineering. it is traditionally broken into several sub-disciplines includingenvironmental engineering, geotechnical engineering, structural engineering, transportation engineering,municipal or urban engineering,water resources engineering, materials engineering, and construction engineering.
Construction engineering involves planning and execution of the designs from transportation, site development, hydraulic, environmental, structural and geotechnical engineers. As construction firms tend to have higher business risk than other types of civil engineering firms, many construction engineers tend to take on a role that is more business-like in nature: drafting and reviewing contracts, evaluating logistical operations, and closely-monitoring prices of necessary supplies.
Environmental engineering deals with the treatment of chemical, biological, and/or thermal waste, the purification of water and air, and the remediation of contaminated sites, due to prior waste disposal or accidental contamination. Among the topics covered by environmental engineering are pollutant transport, water purification, waste water treatment,air pollution, solid waste treatment and hazardous waste management. Environmental engineers can be involved with pollution reduction, green engineering, and industrial ecology. Environmental engineering also deals with the gathering of information on the environmental consequences of proposed actions and the assessment of effects of proposed actions for the purpose of assisting society and policy makers in the decision making process.
Geotechnical engineering is an area of civil engineering concerned with the rock and soil that civil engineering systems are supported by. Knowledge from the fields of geology, material scienceand testing,mechanics, and hydraulics are applied by geotechnical engineers to safely and economically design foundations, retaining walls, and similar structures. Environmental concerns in relation to groundwater and waste disposal have spawned a new area of study called geoenvironmental engineering where biology and chemistry are important.
Water resources engineering is concerned with the collection and management of water (as a natural resource). As a discipline it therefore combines hydrology, environmental science, meteorology, geology, conservation, and resource management. This area of civil engineering relates to the prediction and management of both the quality and the quantity of water in both underground (aquifers) and above ground (lakes, rivers, and streams) resources.. This area of civil engineering is intimately related to the design ofpipelines, water distribution systems, drainage facilities (including bridges, dams, channels, culverts, levees, storm sewers), and canals. Hydraulic engineers design these facilities using the concepts offluid pressure, fluid statics, fluid dynamics, and hydraulics, among others.
Structural engineering is concerned with the structural designandstructural analysis of buildings, bridges, towers, flyovers, tunnels, off shore structures like oil and gas fields in the sea, and other structures. This involves identifying the loads which act upon a structure and the forces and stresses which arise within that structure due to those loads, and then designing the structure to successfully support and resist those loads. The loads can be self weight of the structures, other dead load, live loads, moving (wheel) load, wind load, earthquake load, load from temperature change etc. The structural engineer must design structures to be safe for their users and to successfully fulfill the function they are designed for. Due to the nature of some loading conditions, sub-disciplines within structural engineering have emerged, including wind engineering and earthquake engineering.
Material engineering. Civil engineering also includes elements of materials science. Material engineering deals with ceramics such as concrete, mix asphalt concrete, metals such as aluminum, and steel, polymers and carbon fibers. Current research focuses around increased strength, durability, workability, and reduced costs.
Words to be remembered:
design – проект
environment – довкілля
treatment – очистка, обробка
urban – міський
to deal with – мати справу, займатися
pipeline- трубопровід
waste water treatment – очистка стічних вод
purification– очистка
contamination– забруднення
assessment – оцінка
load– навантаження
proposed actions – запропоновані дії