1. Make up infinitive phrases using the texts:

to refer to to focus on to be concerned with to be used for to convert into to be trained in to overlap with

as site engineering a tract of land moving people and goods safely accurate measurement graphical representation the basics of surveying civil engineering specialities

2. Choose the correct questions to the italicized words:

1. Surveying equipment, such as levels and theodolites, are used for accurate measurement.

1. What is surveying equipment used for?

2. What is used for accurate measurement?

3. What equipment is used for accurate measurement?

2. Transportation engineering is concerned with moving people and goods efficiently and safely.

a. What is concerned with moving people and goods efficiently and safely?

b. What is transportation engineering?

c. What is transportation engineering concerned with?

3. Earthquake engineering covers ability of various structures to withstand hazardous earthquake.

a. What covers ability of various structures to withstand hazardous earthquake?

b. What ability of various structures does the earthquake engineering cover?

c. What does earthquake engineering do?

4. Coastal engineering is concerned with managing coastal areas.

a. What is coastal engineering concerned with?

b. What does coastal engineering manage?

c. What sub-discipline of civil engineering is concerned with managing coastal areas?

5. There are three main objectives of earthquake engineering

a. Are there three main objectives of earthquake engineering?

b. How many main objectives of earthquake engineering are there?

c. What are three main objectives of earthquake engineering?

Understanding main issues and details

1. Analyze main issues:

a. Compare all the subdivisions of civil engineering given in the Texts A and B and fill in the table:

Subdivision of civil engineering	Deals with	Overlapping

b. Give correct answers to the questions:

1. Who works closely with surveyors?

2. What is the other name for general civil engineering?

3. What is site engineering?

4. What principles do the civil engineers typically apply?

5. What kinds of surveying equipment are necessary for accurate measurement?

6. What materials are used for the purpose of binding together masonry units?

7. What have supplemented the traditional optical instruments?

8. What tasks construction surveyors perform?

9. What does the municipal or urban engineering involve?

10. What are the main objectives of earthquake engineering?

c. Say whether the sentences given below are:

• True:

• False

• Not given:

1. General engineers spend much of their time visiting project sites, developing community consensus, and preparing construction plans.

2. Managing coastal areas is generally performed by specialised technicians.

3. Verifying the location of structures during construction is the main task of site engineer.

4. Municipal engineering can also include the optimizing of garbage collection and bus service networks.

5. In the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom and most Commonwealth countries land surveyors have their own professional associations and licencing requirements

2. Analyze the details:

a. Complete the following sentences and translate them:

1. Civil engineers typically apply the principles of …

2. With computerisation, EDM, total stations, GPS surveying

and laser scanning…

3. Elements of a building or structure …

4. Some of these disciplines overlap with…

5. The services of a licenced land surveyor are required for…

b. Find in the Texts and read information about:

• “Civil engineering” as a title

• Sub-disciplines of civil engineering

• Main objectives of earthquake engineering

• Topics covered by environmental engineering

• The most commonly used surveying equipment

• Materials science

• Scope of environmental engineering

• Environmental impact assessment

• Wastewater treatment

• Management of water as natural resource

c. Summarize the information about sub-disciplines of civil engineering

Text C.

Text for individual work: read, translate and be ready to do tasks after the text:

MY FUTURE SPECIALITY

I fully agree with the statement that what we are now is the result of our own choice. My main life choice was made when I entered Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture, a prominent civil engineering establishment of higher learning in Ukraine.

My decision to get education in civil engineering was planned well in advance.

I have chosen this profession not only because of its great role in our life.

Besides I am eager to realise intellectual potential that I feel I possess. This objective could be best achieved by building a successful, intellectually- rewarding career in one of the fields high in demand. From this perspective, civil engineering was my natural choice as an exciting and rewarding discipline, offering the potential for an unusually strong mix of scientific evidence and theoretical argument.

I believe that the necessary and most logical way to contribute to the development in my home country is to acquire educational qualification levels of Bachelor, Specialist and Master of Science in Civil Engineering. These degree programmes are professionally - oriented and require five or six years of study.

The ultimate objective of this educational endeavour is to obtain knowledge and skills comparable to those of other prospective graduate students who major in civil engineering at the various European and US universities. The task of building a solid background in civil engineering turned out to be a real challenge.

In the view of the above-mentioned the role of computer sciences and foreign languages should not be underestimated. The main purpose of learning a foreign language at the university is to be capable to make practical use of the foreign language by reading and understanding English books in their speciality, exchanging and acquiring information, co-operating on specific problems with colleagues from other countries.

I believe that rapid changes in industrial and market structure in the economy of our country will greatly increase demand for highly skilled specialists with sound expertise in this area, thus providing an opportunity for a successful career in both private and public sectors.

I am very grateful to my Alma Mater for teaching me how to survive in a highly competitive and challenging environment through persistence and hard work.

Words to be remembered

statement – твердження

prominent – - видатний

to achieve objective – досягати мети

field high in demand – галузь, що користається великим попитом

perspective – перспектива

scientific evidence – наукові факти

to resolve the problem – вирішити проблему

to face the problem – зштовхнутися з проблемою

transition to the market – перехід до ринку

ultimate objective – кінцева, головна мета

endeavour – старання, пильність

major in civil enginieering – вивчати будівництво як основний предмет

solid background – міцна підготовка

challenge – проблема, складне завдання

to underestimate – недооцінювати, нехтувати

sound expertise – міцні, спеціальні знання, компетентність

to survive – вижити

challenging environment – середовище, що пред'являє великі вимоги

persistence – завзятість