Английский язык 1 часть

SECTION I

THE PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOS TENSE

READ, STUDYAND PRACTISE.

a)— Are you still learning French words, Tom?

—Yes, I am.

—How long have you been learning them?

—I have been learning the words for an hour, but I still don’t remember all of them.

b)— Where is Jane?

—She is in her room. She has been studing English since break­ fast.

c)— Where is Mr Dunn?

—He is in his study. He has been reading newspapers since he came back from the office.

d)You look angry. Have you been waiting for me long?

1.The Present Perfect Continuous Tense употребляется для выражения действия, которое началось в прошлом и продолжается в настоящий момент.

Продолжительность действия выражается обстоятельст­ вом времени с предлогами for (см. пример “а”) и since (см. пример “Ь”) или придаточным предложением време­ ни, которое вводится союзом since (см. пример “с”).

2.The Present Perfect Continuous Tense употребляется также, когда мы говорим о длительном действии, которое только что закончилось, но результат которого очевиден в дан­ ный момент (см. пример “d”).

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3.Present Perfect Continuous чаще употребляется в утверди­ тельной и вопросительной формах.

4.The Present Perfect Continuous Tense образуется при помо­ щи Present Perfect глагола to be + Present Participle смы­ слового глагола:

I have been working ...

I have not (haven’t) been working...

Have you been working ... ?

5.С глаголами, которые не употребляются в продол­ женном времени (см. урок 1, часть I), вместо Present Per­ fect Continuous употребляется Present Perfect.

Ex. l . Complete the situations. Say “How long?" and “Since when?"

Examples Myfriend works for a business company.

He has been working in business for years / since ZOO ...

1.The company sells refrigerators.

2.Nancy buys clothes at Selfridges.

3.Fred Lawson writes books for children.

4.This young actress plays the part of Anna Karenina.

5.We do business with some Chinese companies.

6.STS delivers their goods to some Asian countries.

7.Mr Brown always flies by British Airways.

8.IKEA advertises their furniture in special magazines.

9.Sandra goes skiing in the Alps every February.

10.Jack drives a car very well.

Ex. 2.Ask and answer questions.

Examples —I’m learning English / How long •••?

—How long have you been learning English?

—For half a year.

1.The company is selling a new model of computers now / How long?

2.Look! It is raining (snowing) heavily / Since when?

3.Do you know that Nina is looking for a new job / How long?

4.Mr B. is waiting in the hall / How long?

5.I think the managers are discussing the terms of the new contract / Since when?

6.Jack is having a rest in Italy now / How long?

7.Borisov is in London now. He is staying at the Hilton Hotel / How long?

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К. Alice is in M&S’s. She is choosing some clothes for winter / How long? l). The children are happy. They are plaing in the park / How long?

Ex. 3* Continue the statem ents as In the ежатр1е.

I am tired. I have been working very hard.

•It is wet outside (to rain heavily).

•The director is angry (to wait).

•I have no money (to shop).

•Nick is hot (to sunbathe on the beach).

•Alice looks cold (to walk with the children inthe park).

•Mr Borisov looks impressed (to visit some places of interest in London).

•Jack is full of news (to watch all TV news programmes).

•Pete’s clothes are wet (to wash the car).

SECTION II

REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS

READ, STUDYAND PRACTISE.

В английском языке каждому личному местоимению соот­ ветствует возвратное местоимение.

a)Mary likes speaking about herself.

b)He shaved himself.

c)He cut himself.

d)We found ourselves in Baker Street.

e)I enjoyed myself at the party.

f)Ann herself opened the door / Ann opened the door herself.

Возвратные местоимения употребляются:

1.В качестве дополнения после глаголов (соответствуют русским местоимениям себя, себе, собою) (см. пример “а”).

2.Для передачи возвратного значения глагола (побриться, порезаться, оказаться, развлечься) (см. примеры “Ь”, “с”, “d”, “е”).

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Lesson 6

3.Для усиления значения существительного или местоимения. В этом случае они соответствуют рус­ ским местоимениям сам, сама, сами и могут стоять или после слова, значение которого усиливают, или в конце предложения (см. пример “f ’).

Ex. 4*Answer the questions!

1.What did you buy for yourself when you went shopping for clothes last?

2.What did you order for yourself when you last had dinner at the res­ taurant?

3.Did you reserve a ticket for a plane (accommodation at a hotel) be­ fore the last business trip yourself or did the secretary do that?

4.Do people learn to work on a computer themselves or do they go to special courses?

5.Do people usually choose home electronic products themselves or do they ask a shop assistant to help them?

6.Do business people speak English at the talks themselves or do they use an interpreter?

7.Do people usually like talking about themselves? What about you?

8.Do children do homework themselves or do their parents help them?

9.Do many people study foreign languages themselves without a teacher?

10.Do people decorate their flats themselves or do they use the services of professional designers?

U N I T II

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Ex, 5. React to the statem ents. Say that smb does (doesn’t do), did (didn’t do), w ill do (w on’t do) the same.

•I usually spend holidays at the seaside / My friends.

•I don’t stay on the beach in hot weather / The children.

•I don’t wear clothes in bright colours / Betsy.

•I usually go to the office by underground / My collegues.

•Jack will look through newspapers in the evening / 1.

•Yesterday the secretary had no time for lunch / The director.

•I didn’t go skiing (swimming) last Sunday / The other holiday­ makers.

•Pat always drinks coffee in the morning / Her husband.

•Nina doesn’t like horror films / Vlad.

•My family will go shopping for sportswear next week / Our friend’s family.

U N I T III

WORKING ON THE TEXT

Read the text and the dialogue.

EATING OUT

A

Twenty years ago British people usually ate at home. They went out for a meal only sometimes, like for somebody’s birthday. But today many people eat out at least once a week.

There are many kinds of restaurants in England. Some of them are traditional restaurants where a waiter serves customers, and others are self-service restaurants.

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There are all-day cafes and sandwich bars which are very popular and crowded, especially during the lunch hour, but it is getting more and more expensive to have meals there.

At self-service cafeterias a customer serves himself, and he can get a meal more quickly and less expensively there than in other types of restaurants. But the most popular place «for a drink and a chat»1 has been and still is the famous English pub2 with its cosy and friendly at­ mosphere. People go to pubs not only for some beer or whisky, but to meet their friends and they often spend the whole evening there till closing time.

A lot of people buy fish and ships3 — the classic English take-away food4 in “fish-and-chip shops” and eat it in the street or at home. Fast food restaurants5 are very popular too. The most common food there is ham­ burgers, of course. But the British people also like Chinese, Japanese and Indian cuisine which shows that they have become quite cosmopolitan in their eating habits.

В

After the talks Mr Stanley invited Mr Borisov to have dinner at the Sa­ voy Restaurant in the West End.

They came into the restaurant, took their seats at a table near the window and ordered cocktails.

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Borisov: I’m afraid I don’t understand the names of all dishes on the

1a place “for a drink and a chat”— место, где можно выпить и поболтать 2a pub (от public house) — пивной бар (паб) в Англии

3 fish and chips — рыба и жареный картофель — популярное недорогое английское блюдо

4 take-away food — еда на вынос

s fast food restaurants — рестораны с блюдами быстрого приготовления 6 instant coffee — растворимый кофе

N O T E T H E P R O N O U N C I A T I O N :

a cafe ['kaefei] n

a sandwich ['saendwitj] n

a cafeteria [.kaefi'tiorio] n

atmosphere [’aetmosfio] n

a hamburger fhaemborgo] n

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Lesson 6

Ex. 6. Agree or disagree. Give your reasons.

1.There are very few types of restaurants in England.

2.It is not very expensive to have meals at self-service cafeterias.

3.Famous English pubs are very popular places.

4.The British are very conservative in their eating habits.

** *

1.In England lunch is a very small meal.

2.The English people have dinner at 7 or 8 o’clock in the evening.

3.The English never have supper as other Europeans do.

4.There were many dishes on the menu of the Savoy Restaurant.

5.Mr Borisov ordered dinner himself.

6.Mr Stanley wasn’t very hungry and he ordered a small dinner.

7.There was nothing to choose for dessert.

Ex. 7. Say what you remember about:

•different types of restaurants in England;

•the famous English pubs;

•cosmopolitan eating habits of the British people;

•English meals;

•the dishes Mr Stanley and Mr Borisov chose for dinner.

Ex. S. Think and answer.

1.Why did Mr Stanley decide to invite Mr Borisov to the Savoy Res­ taurant in the West End?

2.What do you think the two businessmen were talking about during the dinner?

3.Did they enjoy their dinner or not? Why do you think so?

U N I T IV

WORKING ON WORDS

a meal

to have a meal

Ex. 9. Answer the questions.

1.What is the 1st (2nd, 3rd) meal in our country (in Great Britain)?

2.Where do you usually have meals during the working day?

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l.Do you prefer having meals at home or out at weekends? Why?

Where do you usually have meals when you are on holiday (on a business trip)?

5.Can you always have meals on a plane (on a train)?

6.Do you have meals at regular hours or not?

to be ready for smth

Ex. 10. Read the example:

I’v e d o n e m y h o m e w o rk , so I am re a d y fo r th e E nglish les­ son .

In what case can you say that you are ready for:

•the business talks,

•the business trip to a foreign country,

•the summer holiday trip,

•the winter holiday trip, the New Year party,

•your friend’s birthday party.

to enjoy oneself

Ex. 11. Read the example:

I alw ay s en]oy m yself w h e n I go to c o n certs of classical m usic.

Do you enjoy yourself If you:

•spend a holiday at the seaside,

•have dinner at a good restaurant,

•watch a good film on TV,

•read a detective novel,

•go sightseeing,

•drive a car,

•go on a tour of a foreign country,

•go to a birthday party,

•listen to rock-n-roll,

•spend a weekend in the country house.

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Lesson 6

U N I T V

KEY STRUCTURES AND SPECIAL POINTS

ARTICLES

Ex. 12. a) Supply articles where necessary.

b) Speak about the dishes Donald and Elizabeth ordered.

TENSES

Ex. 13* a) Supply the correct tense-forms of the verbs.

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