Posibnik_-_2011

XV. Прочитайте і перекладіть діалоги. Поясніть вживання Present Continuous Tense. Dialogue A

•Where are you going at the weekend?

•To the seaside. Are you coming with us?

•Yes, with pleasure.

Dialogue B

•When are you meeting your friend?

•At 10.00

•Why so early?

•Because at 11 I am having talks with my Dutch colleagues.

XV. Складіть речення за зразком, використовуючи слова в дужках.

Зразок:

Are you discussing your participation at the conference with your dean tomorrow? No, we are discussing it in two days.

(to go on holiday; to go to the library; to clarify the details of the meeting; to send an answer to one’s parents, to meet foreign students, to read a text about cells; to pass an exam).

XVI. Запитайте вашого друга (або подругу) про його (її) плани на майбутнє, використовуючи слова в дужках.

Зразок 1:

- What are you doing tonight?

- I am going to the theater with my colleagues.

Зразок 2:

-What are you going to do next summer?

-I am going to have a rest with my family on the seaside.

(today, tomorrow morning, the day after tomorrow, in a week, in a year, next week (Sunday, Monday), soon, one of these days, after lunch).

XVII. Розкрийте дужки в реченнях, вживаючи Present Continuous Tense.

Зразок:

-Listen. My brother (to be) playing the violin. He is a very talented musician.

-Listen. My brother is playing the violin. He is a very talented musician.

1.The French firm (to be) building a new supermarket in the town center at the moment. 2.Look! Somebody (to be) fishing in the lake.

3.Hurry up! The train (to be) leaving in a few minutes.

4.Where is your sister? In the kitchen. She (to be) cooking a meal now.

5.Ann (to be) having a shower at the moment.

6.Peter (to be) learning Spanish. He wants to study at the Technological University in Madrid.

7.My parents are very busy. They (to be) building the new house.

8.Take your umbrella. It (to be) raining now.

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9. Be quiet! She (to be) lecturing now.

10.Don’t disturb me. I (to be) translating the article on biochemistry.

XVIII. Прочитайте речення та перекладіть їх українською мовою, звертаючи увагу на виділені дієслова.

1.I am tired. I want to have a rest.

2.Do you know this student? Yes, but I forget his name.

3.As for me, I prefer sunny days. I hate cold weather because I have to wear a coat and boots.

4.I don’t understand his explanation. What does he mean?

5.The teacher asked his student: “Do you need my help?”

6.He does not like to walk alone.

7.Do you remember the way to the city center?

8.Believe me. I try my best to pass all examinations.

XIX. Перекладіть речення українською мовою.

1.Don’t make a noise; he is working at the moment.

2.He is writing a new play.

3.Our dean is carrying on negotiations for the purchase of new equipments for the chemical

lab.

4.If I am sleeping, when she comes, wake me up, please.

5.I shall be translating an article while you are writing your grammar exercises.

6.We are going to the theater tonight.

7.She is leaving by the five o’clock train.

8.He is taking his exams on Friday.

9.I am going to the seaside in a week.

10.Why are you wearing a coat? It is not cold today.

XX. Перекладіть речення англійською мовою.

1.Візьми парасольку. На вулиці йде дощ.

2.Як ти почуваєшся? Дякую, я почуваюся добре.

3.Що ти робиш? Я готую обід.

4.Що роблять ваші студенти? Вони готуються до тесту.

5.Ти сьогодні працюєш у бібліотеці? Так.

6.Ваші друзі проживають у готелі (to stay at a hotel)?

7.Чи збираєшся ти відвідати своїх батьків наступного тижня?

8.Чому твій друг вивчає англійську мову? Він хоче навчатись у Лондонській школі ветеринарної медицини.

9.Що ти збираєшся робити сьогодні ввечері? Я збираюсь піти з друзями на концерт.

10.Де твоя подруга? Вона дивиться нову телепрограму.

XXI. Відкрийте дужки, вживаючи дієслова у Present Continuous або у Present Indefinite.

Зразок:

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-Excuse me, (you/speak) English? - Excuse me, do you speak English?

-Tom (have) a shower at the moment. - Tom is having a shower at the moment.

1.Listen! Somebody (sing).

2.She is tired. She (want) to go home now.

3.How often (you read) a biological newspaper?

4.Excuse me, but you (sit) in my place.

5.I’m sorry, but I (not/understand) you. Please, speak more slowly.

6.Where are you, Peter? I am in the sitting room. I (read) a text.

7.When the train to Moscow (leave)?

8.Hurry up! The train (leave) in a minute.

9.Will you turn off the radio? I (not/listen) to it.

10.He …(not/usually drive) to his office. He usually (walk).

11.Where is your brother? I think he (walk) the dog.

12.In the morning he usually (walk) his dog.

13.I can’t talk to you at the moment. I (clean) the room.

14.My mother (clean) our flat almost every day.

15.(not/smoke). It is harmful to your health.

XXII. Ознайомтеся з таблицею. Складіть речення з такими словосполученнями:

to work at the diploma, to laugh at him, to play tennis, to listen to the lecture, to prepare for the exams.

Past Continuous Tense

XXIII. Прочитайте і перекладіть діалоги. Поясніть вживання Past Continuous Tense.

Dialogue A

•Were you at home at 6 o’clock?

•Yes, I was working in the garden.

Dialogue B

•I went to see Mary and Nick last night.

•What were they doing when you came?

•They were listening to compact disks. Their children were playing football while they were listening to music.

Dialogue C

•Do you know what Mike was doing yesterday noon?

•He was speaking to the manager in his office.

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XXIV. Складіть речення за зразком, використовуючи слова в дужках.

Зразок:

-I don’t know what Peter was doing yesterday at 3.

-He was speaking to the rector.

(to watch a comedy on TV; to look through the mail; to wait for the British students delegation; to read an urgent telegram from Smith and Company; to have important talks; to take one’s friends from International Airport)

XXV. Перекладіть речення українською мово.ю

1.It was snowing at noon.

2.She was reading a historical novel at the moment he came back.

3.It was raining when I left the house.

4.What was he doing when you called on him?

5.He hurt his arm when he was playing tennis.

6.As I was coming here I met your friend.

7.I was translating a scientific paper when you phoned me.

8.It was raining at midnight.

9.She was helping her children to do their homework when I came.

10.Mr. Smith was looking through the catalogue at two yesterday.

11.It was raining, so we didn’t go out.

12.When Julia was travelling about Germany she visited a lot of museums.

13.When I woke up yesterday, the sun was shining and the birds were singing.

14.Today she is wearing a skirt, but yesterday she was wearing trousers.

15.We were looking at the kittens while they were eating.

XXVI. Ознайомтеся з таблицею. Перекладіть речення українською мовою, звертаючи увагу на вживання Future Continuous Tense.

1.I shall still be working at 6 o’clock.

2.He can’t manage to come at 12 o’clock tomorrow because he’ll be lecturing at that time.

3.When Nick returns, they will be having supper.

4.If you come after 11 o’clock, I shall be sleeping.

5.Don’t come at 10 o’clock to the dean’s office. He will be signing the documents at that time.

6.I shall be preparing for my examinations in June.

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7.In July our chief will be carrying negotiations for the purchase of new computers.

8.He will be building the new house during the summer.

9.My friend will be reading the whole evening.

10.While he is having his breakfast, I shall be reading the novel.

11.While I am preparing for my exams, he will be resting.

12.He will be meeting us at the air terminal.

13.I shall be writing to him to-morrow morning.

XXVII. Відкрийте дужки, вживаючи Future Continuous або Future Indefinite.

Зразок:

-He will be reading the whole evening (Future Continuous)

-He will read in the evening (Future Indefinite)

1.She (prepare) for her summer session in May.

2.They (work) in the scientific library from 2 till 6.

3.Don’t come to visit him. I think they (watch) a new video film about wild animals tonight.

4.He (speak) with his friends on the phone the whole evening.

5.Our dean (expect) the arrival of foreign colleagues the whole morning tomorrow.

6.I will be busy all day tomorrow. I (clarify) some matter with my chief.

7.Don’t disturb him. He (study) an enquiry for the new chemical equipments from 10 till 12.

8.I think, the secretary (look) through he papers the whole morning.

9.They (take) him to International Airport tomorrow evening.

10.I suppose she (read) a business journal from 6 till 8.

XXVIII. Перекладіть речення англійською мовою.

1.Я думаю, що він буде перекладати текст про клітину з 4 до 5 години.

2.Я думаю, що вона не піде з нами до театру. Вона буде допомагати своїм дітям готувати домашнє завдання весь вечір.

3.Не приходьте до офісу вранці. Я буду вивчати пропозиції (to study the offer) зарубіжних компаній щодо нового обладнання для лабораторії.

4.З 10 по 12 годину ранку наш менеджер буде вести важливі переговори (to have important talks) із зарубіжними партнерами.

5.Завтра весь вечір ми будемо гуляти в парку (to have walk in the park).

6.Вони будуть дивитись детективний фільм (detective film) по телевізору з 21 до 22.30

увечері.

7.Секретар буде вивчати термінові телеграми від іноземних фірм весь ранок.

8.Ми будемо чекати на зарубіжних гостей протягом дня.

9.У цей час він буде читати науковий журнал із ветеринарної медицини.

10.Я думаю, що в суботу протягом дня ми будемо працювати в саду.

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XXIX. Перекажіть текст.

THE CELL

In every living thing on Earth there are cells. A very small, complex unit of protoplasm, usually with a nucleus, cytoplasm, and enclosing membrane, is termed “the cell”. One of the main purposes of cells is to organize. You have brain cells, stomach cells, bone cells, and many other types of cells. Each is different from the others.

Different organisms have different types of cells. Trees have different cells that you and so do monkeys. Every cell has a specific job to do.

There are even some creatures on Earth that don’t have all of the basic parts of a cell, or even a cell. Bacteria are missing nuclear membranes to hold their DNA inside. Viruses don’t have cells; they are just a bit of DNA or RNA and a protein coat. Animal cells do not have chloroplasts or cell walls. All cells have to survive and live, so they need energy. Nerve cells conduct electrical impulses through the body. No matter what they do, they convert food into energy.

Where do you get the food? Some plant cells have an organelle called a chloroplast that takes energy from the sun and converts it into sugars. There are some cells that digest their food outside of the cell and then absorb it.

The nucleus is like the brain of the cell. If you take the nucleus out of a cell it dies. It is the thing that tells every part of the cell what to do. It even tells the cell when to divide. Cells that have nuclei are called eukaryotes.

Inside the nucleus is all of the stuff used in cell reproduction. Scientists call that “stuff” DNA. DNA is short for desoxynucleic acid. The cell’s DNA has the instructions that tell the cell what it should do, and what it should become.

When the cell is just sitting around, there is something called chromatin in the nucleus. Chromatin is made up of DNA, RNA and proteins. When the cell is going to divide, the chromatin becomes very compact, it condenses. When it comes together, you can see the things that scientists call chromosomes.

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Прочитайте текст та перекладіть його українською мовою.

INVERTEBRATES

This group of animals is widespread throughout the world and appeared far back in geological time. Close aquatic relatives are the squid and octopus, and some snails which still live in water.

Have you ever thought of comparing an octopus to a snail or a clam? All are mollusks, softbodied animals that have no skeletons. Many mollusks, such as snails and clams, form shells that protect them. But some mollusks have no shells around their bodies. They have other ways of protecting themselves.

Stories and movies often show the octopus as a monster. This eight-armed sea animal has rows of suckers and two large eyes. It looks strange and frightening to many people. But the octopus is a timid animal. Instead of attacking it usually tries to hide or escape from its enemies.

The octopus has many ways of avoiding danger. Because its body is soft, it sometimes escapes by squeezing into a small opening in the ocean floor. As the octopus crawls or swims, its body color changes to match the rocks or shells below it. If attacked, the octopus squirts an inky fluid into the sea. The fluid may confuse the attacker, while the octopus swims away. The octopus swims fast by shooting water from its body.

Slugs and snails, which live on land, are mostly vegetarians, and therefore are crop pests. They are only found in moist conditions. The eggs of the slug are about 2 mm in diameter, translucent and colorless. They are covered with a sticky secretion and are usually found in groups.

Дайте відповіді на запитання.

What group of animals is widespread throughout the world? Did it appear far back in geological time?

Have you ever seen an octopus, snail or clam? Where do people usually find them?

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What groups of animals have no skeletons?

What do mollusks have around their bodies?

What purpose do the shells serve for?

How do movies often show the octopus?

How does the octopus avoid danger?

What do we call slugs and snails, which live on land?

invertebrate, slug, snail, group, animal, geological, time, close, aquatic, relatives, squid, octopus, monster, rows, suckers, timid, hide, escape, avoid, danger, squeeze, crawl, match, squirt, confuse, shoot, crop, pests, translucent, sticky.

II. Підберіть до слів з лівої колонки антоніми з правої колонки.

III.Заповніть пропуски у реченнях, використовуючи слова у дужках.

1.This group of animals is … throughout the world.

2.Close … relatives are the squid and octopus.

3.All mollusks are soft-bodied animals that have no … .

4.But some mollusks have no … around their bodies.

5.They have other … of protecting themselves.

6.Stories and movies often show … as a monster.

7.It looks strange and … to many people.

8.The octopus has many ways of avoiding … .

9.The octopus swims … by shooting water from its body.

10.Slugs and snails, which live on land, are mostly … .

(frightening, shells, fast, aquatic, the octopus, skeletons, widespread, ways, danger, vegetarians).

IV. Складіть речення із поданими словосполученнями та перекладіть їх українською мовою.

1.far back in geological time

2.to have other ways of protecting oneself

3.to show somebody as a monster

4.to look strange and frightening to somebody

5.to be a timid person

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6.to hide or escape from one’s enemies

7.soft-bodied animal

8.four-armed animal

9.to squeeze into smth.

10.to crawl or swim

11.to match the rocks

12.to squirt an inky fluid

13.to confuse the attacker

14.to be crop pests

15.to be covered with a sticky secretion.

V.Перекладіть словосполучення англійською мовою та складіть з ними речення.

1.бути поширеним в усьому світі

2.близькі родичі

3.морська тварина

4.утворювати оболонку

5.уникати небезпеки

6.змінювати колір тіла

7.бути вегетаріанцем

8.зустрічатися у вологих місцях

9.все ще жити у воді

10.мати декілька рядів присосків

11.думати про порівняння

12.плавати швидко, виштовхуючи воду з свого тіла

13.напівпрозорий та безбарвний.

VI. До слів у лівій колонці доберіть синоніми у правій колонці.

VII.Спростуйте твердження або погодьтеся з ними.

Зразок 1: А.: Slugs and snails aren’t widespread throughout the world. Do you agree with me?

B.: No, that’s wrong. Slugs and snails are widespread throughout the world. Зразок 2: А.: Slugs and snails are widespread throughout the world.

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Do you agree with me?

B.: Yes, you are quite right.

Slugs and snails are widespread throughout the world.

1.Some snails still live in water.

2.All mollusks are soft-bodied animals that have skeletons.

3.Many mollusks, such as snails and clams, form shells that don’t protect them.

4.Some mollusks have shells around their bodies.

5.Invertebrates have no ways of protecting themselves.

6.The octopus has few ways of avoiding danger.

7.The octopus has soft body.

8.The octopus squirts a red fluid into the sea.

9.The octopus swims fast.

10.Slugs and snails, which live on land, are mostly vegetarians.

VIII. Перекладіть речення англійською мовою.

1.Слимаки - це група тварин, яка найбільш поширена у світі. 2.Вони з’явилися у давні часи. 3.Їх близькими родичами є спрути і деякі слимаки, які живуть у воді. 4.Молюски – це тварини, що мають м’яку будову тіла і не мають скелета. 5.Деякі молюски не мають панцирів навколо своїх тіл. 6.Вони захищають себе іншим способом. 7.Спрут часто буває героєм казок та кінофільмів, які зображають (показують) його як монстра. 8.Насправді спрут – це боязка тварина. 9.Замість того, щоб атакувати, він намагається сховатися або втекти від своїх ворогів. 10.Коли його атакують, він випускає рідину у воду, яка має колір чорнила. 11.Ця рідина часто збентежує нападника. 12.Слимаки, які живуть на землі, в основному вегетаріанці. 13.Крім того, вони є шкідниками. 14.Їх можна зустріти лише у вологих місцях.

IX. Використовуючи зразок, складіть речення.

Зразок. 1. (to read some biochemical journals) A.:I have read some biochemical journals. And what about your friend?

B.:He (she) has read the journals too.

1.to look through the latest political events;

2.to be to the University;

3.to read the offer from the dean’s office;

4.to listen to the BBC English lessons;

5.to see a TV program about octopuses and snails. Зразок 2.: (to read this journal)

A.: Have you read this journal?

B.:No, I haven’t. I have not read this journal yet.

1.to be to London;

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