Контрольная работа № 1

Вариант 1

1. Образуйте множественное число следующих существительных:

fox, chair, boot, tooth, army, watch, month, day.

2. Образуйте степени сравнения следующих прилагательных и наречий:

pretty, badly, hot, popular, great, much, cheap, intelligent.

3. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1) I do not get up so early on Sunday as on weekdays.

2) The longer he waited, the more impatient he became.

3) This is the most beautiful house in the city.

4) Moscow is larger than Petersburg.

5) Money is important, but isn’t the most important thing in life.

4. Заполните пропуски глаголами to be или to have в соответствующей форме (по смыслу). Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1) These pictures … very beautiful.

2) I … 23 years old.

3) Her friends … lunch in the café.

4) We … glad to see you again.

5) Helen … a very difficult problem.

6) She … often late for dinner.

5. Откройте скобки, поставив глагол в нужное время группы Indefinite (Simple). Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1) We (to discuss) this question next week.

2) My elder sister usually (to get up) at 7 o’clock.

3) Last summer Ann (to be) in Italy.

4) He (to lose) his keys yesterday.

5) I (to phone) you tomorrow morning, if I have time.

6) Sam always (to go) abroad for his holidays.

6. Переведите текст на русский язык.

William Caxton

William Caxton is the first English printer. He was born in Kent in 1422. His father was a farmer, but William did not want to become a farmer like his father. So his father sent him to London where he worked in an office. William was fond of reading new books, which were printed in Europe.

When William Caxton was thirty, after his master’s death he started his own business in Belgium. In 1471 he left his business and began to translate French books into English. He became interested in printing and at last, he learnt it. William wanted to have his own press one day and he did.

In 1476 he brought his printing-press to London. Printing was something new at that time and most people thought that it was the work of the devil. Some of the people wanted to break his press. Caxton printed his first book in 1477. It was the first book printed in the English language. The book was Caxton’s translation of the French “Tales of Troy”.

William Caxton printed about eighty books. Besides, he translated thirty-one books from French. William Caxton died in 1491.

7. Ответьте на следующие вопросы:

1) When and where was William Caxton born?

2) How many books did he print?

3) When did Caxton print his first book?

8. В одну колонку выпишите из текста “William Caxton” даты, в другую – события, им соответствующие.

9. Переведите текст на русский язык.

Refrigerator

The earliest method of refrigeration was the storage of food in caves and cold springs. This method of storing food in cold places slowly evolved, as people began keeping food in their cellars, in their outdoor window boxes, in the snow, or underwater in nearby lakes, streams, or wells.

The invention of the icebox led to more efficient refrigeration. Ice was delivered to houses by deliverymen, and was used in wooden iceboxes that were lined in tin or zinc and insulated with sawdust or seaweed. The use of ice for refrigeration continued until World War I, when mechanical refrigeration came on the market.

The first electric refrigerators with freezer compartments came on the market in the 1920s and 1930s. However, the mass production of refrigerators began after World War II, when researchers had been able to successfully adapt large refrigeration systems for use in homes and shops.

In the 1950s and 1960s, the invention of automatic defrost and automatic ice makers further improved the efficiency of refrigerators. Refrigerators also became available in a wide variety of size, colour, and design.