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Файл:Ординатура / Хирургия / Библиотека им академика М.И. Перельмана / Книга_5430_Библиотеки_им_академика_М_И_Перельмана
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54
Metals in Medicine, Volume 2
by membrane-bound vesicles, they are transported by endosomes in order
-
ions. Under this condition, Zn
ions
cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis. In the second case, dissociated Zn
ions
cell apoptosis
5
(Fig. 2.4).
FIGURE 2.4
-
and cause cell death. Because ZnO NP normally possesses a neutral hydroxyl
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Zinc Oxide Nanoformulations for Cancer Therapy
55
63,72
In an aqueous medium and at high pH, the proton
(H
-
a positive charge as ZnOH
. Besides, under physiological conditions, the
73
positively charged ZnO NP is more attracted by cancerous cells because its
a large membrane potential.
63,74
the positively charged ZnO NP and the negatively charged cancerous cell
-
mate cytotoxicity.
63
2.4 ROLE OF ZnO NPS IN DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF
CANCER
5
been made to solve this problem. Because the advancement in nanotech-
59
Hence,
diagnosis, treatment, biomedical imaging, and biosensing applications to
cancer.
75
5
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56
Metals in Medicine, Volume 2
•
76
• An improved Interdigitated Electrode (IDE)-based nanobiosensor to
77
•
cancer.
78
•
79
•
80
•
81
•
82
• Mn-doped ZnO NPs sensor to detect acetone.
83
•
cholesterol, and urea levels in the animal bloods.
•
cell,
84
•
B16F10 cells,
85
• Fe
3
O
4
86
• ZnO@silica NPs-emitted blue emission in the nerve cells and
Caco-2 cells,
87
•
88
89
90
-
91
Using the simple sol-gel method, Xiong et
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Zinc Oxide Nanoformulations for Cancer Therapy
57
to image the human hepatoma cells in vitro. In the study, they reported that
-
92
-
55,56
drugs to increase their inherent selective cytotoxicity against cancer cells
40,57,58
(Fig. 2.5).
FIGURE 2.5
-
bicin, paclitaxal, curcumin, and baicalin, etc. are encapsulated or loaded in
59,93
• doxorubicin loaded (DOX) ZnO NPs
94,95
•
89,91
198–200
•
gene delivery
96
• polycation-capped ZnO quantum dots
91
•
97
• 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) loaded lipid-coated ZnO-NPs (L-ZnO-
NPs),
98
• DOX loaded mesoporous silica-coated ZnO NPs (MSNs),
99
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Metals in Medicine, Volume 2
• daunorubicin (DNR) loaded a liposome-incorporated ZnO-NP,
100
•
101
•
102
2.5 ZINC OXIDE-BASED NANOFORMULATIONS AND
NANOCOMPOSITE FOR CANCER TREATMENT
Among various nano-drug delivery systems, metal-based nano compounds are
paid attention to by most researchers. Amid various metal nano compounds,
103
-
E. coli, S. aureus, and K.
pneumonia
like cancer treatment.
103
chitosan, lignin, polyethylene glycol, poly methyl metha acrylate, poly lactic
can be applied as a nanocarrier. Moreover, as ZnO has immunomodulatory
104
physiological pH) positive ion (ZnOH
2
105
As the cancerous cell membrane has greater
phospholipids concentration and membrane potential than normal cells, ZnO
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Zinc Oxide Nanoformulations for Cancer Therapy
59
supplied by cationic ZnO in the cancerous cells leads to acidosis.
106
stimulates phagocytosis and cytotoxicity.
4,107
cytokines is evidenced.
107
-
matory response and immunomodulation occur in the antigen-presenting cells
responses
108
cause monocyte-derived dendritic cell death.
109
stimulated by ZnO nanoparticles.
110
larger ones. Many preparation methods and techniques are used to reduce
activity.
111
Many biocompatible polymers like poloxamer, triton X, polyethylene glycol,
-
112
-
line.
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Metals in Medicine, Volume 2
-
14
Another
15
ZnO-PLLA hybrid nanocomposite
108
than normal cells.
104
As the tumor exhibits varied temperature, ionic strength, pH
113
in cancers like melanoma. Novel bimetallic lattice-based ZnO nanocomposite
114
Another
earth metals enhance optical or electrical properties and biological properties
114
61
ZnO
-
115
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Zinc Oxide Nanoformulations for Cancer Therapy
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116
apoptosis.
117
118
Besides cell
survival and activates destructive mechanisms in cancer cells, thus being
considered an important event in ZnO nanoparticle-induced cytotoxicity.
-
-
cence.
119
120
and lung epithelial cells A549 cell lines.
32
causes changes in the angiogenic regulators, causing leakage in the tumor
GRAS due to its less toxicity than all other metal nanoparticles.
104
-
dant level. ROS oxidative damage occurs in three phases. Initially, antioxi-
121
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Metals in Medicine, Volume 2
novel drug or drug delivery system is needed that selectively reaches the
target site, bypassing toxicity. ZnO encapsulated doxorubicin drug delivery
nanoparticles and suggests ZnO as a nanocarrier and a therapeutic agent.
18
As the ZnO dissolves in acidic pH, it can target the cancer cells to release
and can be used as an adjuvant in vaccine therapy. Due to the generation
ZnO nanoparticle-Chitosan spherical nanoparticles exhibited concentration-
122
123
123
resistance.
2.6 ZnO NANOPARTICLES IN SUSTAINED AND TARGETED
DELIVERY OF ANTICANCEROUS DRUGS
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nano drug delivery system encapsulating anticancerous drugs, helps sustain
nano-drug delivery systems exhibit enhanced permeation and retention
4
Among all other metal
due to their less toxic nature. Synthetic and phytomolecules can be loaded in
the ZnO nano drug delivery systems. Many anticancerous drugs, like pacli-
taxel, Doxorubicin, methotrexate, etc., can be encapsulated by ZnO nanopar-
25,124
ZnO, alone or in combination
chemotherapeutic agents.
reported.
125
89
nanoparticles proved to have cytotoxicity in pancreatic cancer cell lines due
-
polymer complex exhibited excellent cytotoxicity against various cell lines.
less toxicity.
126
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