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Файл:Устные темы. Учебное пособие по английскому языку для инженерных специальностей ИТТСУ ТИУ, ТМН, ТПВ, ТПЛ, ТПТ разных форм обучения
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climate and meet our technology standards and special requirements regarding safety and environmental protection,”
said Valentin Gapanovich at a ceremony before its first run
between St. Petersburg and Bologoye, a regional destination
between Veliky Novgorod and Tver. “It meets the needs of
the most discerning passenger.”
Victor Stepov, Head of the October Railway (that part of
Russian Railways that covers all tracks between Moscow and
Murmansk), said that the Lastochka will serve on more prestigious regional routes. By the opening of the Universiade, or
World Student Games, in July 2013, the Lastochka will connect Kazan, Russia’s so-called “Third Capital,” with the highspeed rail network that currently runs between Nizhny Novgorod, Moscow, St. Petersburg, and Helsinki. By the end of
the year, Russian Railways will begin operating these trains
along the new rail route put into place at Sochi for the 2014
Olympic Games.
The Sochi Light Metro, the regional railway being installed for the Olympics, is truly an engineering marvel. At a
cost of 6.7 billion USD for both road and rail components,
this new regional transportation system will include six rail
tunnels (spanning 10.4 kilometers, built with the world’s most
advanced tunnel-boring technology) and 23 flyover bridges
(spanning some 11.5 kilometers, specially designed for the
region’s seismicity). This will allow swift transfers between
the Mountain and Coastal Clusters at the Sochi games, set
about 48 kilometers (almost 30 miles) apart from each other
on different sides of a popular national park. Capable of a top
speed of 160 kph (100 mph), the 38 Siemens-built trains to be
put in service for this event will be able to safely cross this
distance in about a half-hour. The Lastochka will also connect
passengers at Sochi with its airport, located at Adler on Rus-
sia’s border with Georgian breakaway Abkhazia. Regular
service will start on the regional rail a little over a month
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ahead of the Opening Ceremony, to take place on Feb. 7,
2014.
Of course it is still too early to say when intercity highspeed rail will reach all of Russia. However, it is reassuring to
note that cynics tend to grossly overestimate the difficulty of
railway construction in the country. Before the Trans-Siberian
was built, Yegor Kankrin, Russia’s Finance Minister in 1880,
wrote: "The idea of covering Russia with a railway network
not just exceeds any possibility, but even building the railway
from Petersburg to Kazan must be found untimely by several
centuries." The Lastochka will arrive in Kazanth is summer.
Answer the questions:
1. When did the Sapsan entered service become the first
high-speed train?
2. How many hours did the service cut the land travel
time?
3. When did Siemens improve its domination of the de-
velopment of Russian high-speed rail?
4. What was a second great innovation created specifi-
cally for Russian Railways?
5. What for the Lastochka was designed?
6. Where was the Lastochka’s first run?
7. What countries will connect the Lastochka in July
2013?
8. How many rail tunnels and flyover bridges the new
regional transportation system will include?
9. What airport the Lastochka will also connect?
10. What was Yegor Kankrin and what did he write in
1880?
Text 6
The Sapsan is a Russian gauge high speed electric express train. The design is part of the Siemens Velaro family. The trains started regular service on the Saint
Petersburg-Moscow Railway in December 2009 at a max-
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imum speed of 250 km/h. Since entering service in December 2009, it has been Russian Railways' only profitable passenger service, with an occupancy rate of 84.5%.
According to the timetable valid from 30 October 2011,
the direct train from Moscow to St Petersburg without intermediate stops needs three hours 40 minutes, the train
from Moscow to Nizhniy Novgorod 3 hours 55 minutes.
Some characteristics:
The capacity of the train is more than 500 passengers,
more than 1000-for double composition. The train is using
soundproofing materials that provide an acceptable level of
noise. The design and equipment of the train seats take into
account the specifics of movement over long distances,
providing a high level of comfort even with a long trip.
In 2013, in order to increase the capacity of passenger
rolling stock and increase the capacity of the railway infrastructure by reducing the number of passenger trains, the first
two-storey railway cars were developed and manufactured.
Until 2020, it is planned to provide all routes with the greatest
load with branded cars on 2 floors. The long-distance doubleDecker train consists of the following elements: compartment
cars with a capacity of 64 people each; one car for 30
SEATS; staff car for 50 seats; dining car for 44 people (1st
floor-bar, 2nd floor - dining room).
To accelerate trains capable of maximum up to 160
km/h. Here are the main innovations which cannot be found
in ordinary cars: the entrance to the automated car, open with
the button. Wagons are equipped with a single system of climate control and air conditioning. The staircase to the second
floor is equipped with lighting and observation glass to see
those who climb. Transitions are completely sealed.
The project "Smart station" is a station complex, the
efficiency of which is ensured by the maximum use of intelligent technologies in all elements of its technological process.
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The object of the introduction of technologies "smart station"
is the entire station complex, which includes the station building and the adjacent infrastructure, both in the construction
and reconstruction of existing stations. "Smart station" combines various innovative systems, technical means and technologies:
automated control systems of life processes of the station
complex, aimed at reducing energy consumption, the use of
alternative energy sources, the introduction of devices to create a favorable climate inside the station building, the introduction of new information and reference devices, etc. , automated systems for transport safety and reducing the risks of
emergencies (the latest technical safety control systems, the
latest fire extinguishing systems, automatic monitoring system and the state of the building, etc., "green building" technologies (air disinfection systems inside the station, environmental monitoring systems, devices for collecting rainwater,
landscaping of the station territory and separate halls of the
station).
These systems should be adapted to local conditions, first
of all, to the geographical location of the station, the climatic
features of the area, the possibility of using different types of
alternative renewable energy sources.
Answer the questions:
1. When did trains start regular service on the Saint Pe-
tersburg-Moscow Railway?
2. What is the maximum speed of Sapsan?
3. How long the train goes from Moscow to St Peters-
burg and from Moscow to Nizhniy Novgorod without
intermediate stops?
4. What is the capacity of Sapsan?
5. What does the construction of the train Sapsan consist
of ?
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6. When were the first two-storey trains developed and
manufactured?
7. What is the maximum speed of two-storey trains?
8. What elements does the double-Decker train consist
of?
9. What are the main innovations in two-storey trains
10. What does “Smart Station” combine?
Unit 10
Text 1
Moscow railway stations
There are 9 operating railway stations in Moscow.
They are part of the Moscow and North-West regional directorates of the Directorate of Railway Stations of JSCo Russian Railways.
The Belorussian station is the passenger terminal of the
Moscow-Passenger-Smolenskaya station. Architect is
I.I.Strukov.
Kazan Railway Station is passenger terminal of the
Moscow-Passazhskaya-Kazan railway station, located at
Moscow, Komsomolskaya square, 2. Former Ryazan railway
station was built in 1862 - 1864 to Ryazan, and in 1894 also
to the Kazan railway. The construction of the modern Kazan
railway station began in 1913 and was completed in 1940.
The building was erected in the neo-Russian style by AV
Shchusev with the team of achitechts. The station is elongated
in the line of the body in the form of various height and with
the volume of sharp roofs, intermediate clock tower and high
tier corner tower. In the composition of the building motifs of
ancient architecture of Nizhny Novgorod, Astrakhan, Ryazan
are widely used. Carved white-stone decor on the red-brick
background of the walls was made in the traditions of Moscow architecture of the 17th century. In the outer and inner
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design of the building it was attended by A. N. Benoit, B.
Kustodiev, N.To.Roerich. The Kazan station is adjacent to the
building of the house of culture of railway workers. In the
1950s a suburban hall was completed, it was connected to the
Komsomolskaya metro station. In 1987 - 1997 the building of
Kazan railway station was reconstructed. Kazan railway station connects Moscow with the cities of the Volga Region,
the Urals, Siberia and Central Asia. There are passenger trains
to Kazan and Ryazan areas and commuter trains to the near
and far suburbs.
Kiev Station (in 1918-1934-Bryansk) was the passenger terminal station Moscow-PassengerKiev.Architects:I.I.Rerberg,B.K.Oltarzhevsky,S.S. Alyoshin,
F.I.Rerberg.
Kursk railway station is the passenger terminal of the
stationMoscow-Passenger-Kursk.
In the 1860s a passenger station was built for the Kursk railway, and in 1896 a new building was built by the architect
N.P.Orlov. In the right wing of it the passenger station of the
Nizhnegorodsky railway was located. Hence the former name
Kursk-Nizhny Novgorod station. The station was reconstructed in 1938 by architect G.I.Voloshinov, and in 1972 a new
building was erected while preserving the old rooms with
colonnades and rich molding inside. The building is 15 meters high stained glass facing the in front of the railway station area and covered with a folded roof with a nine-metre
peak. Kursk station is the largest in Moscow. Trains leave it
in two directions: to the South - to Ukraine, including Crimea
and to the East, Nizhny Novgorod.
Leningrad Station, from 1855 to 1923 – Nikolaevsky, from
1923 to 1937 - October-passenger terminal station MoscowPassenger. The name of the stop is Moscow-October. Architects: K.A.Ton, R.A. Zhelazevich. The station was built in
1844-1851 on the project of K. Ton for the Petersburg-
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Moscow railway which began in 1851. The building of Leningradsky railway station combines the rigor and symmetry of
the compositional structure. Crowning clock tower clearly
stands out. The interiors of the station was refurbished in
1950 by A.N. Dushkina. In 1977 the station was reconstructed with preservation of the external appearance.
Leningrad railway station connects Moscow with SaintPetersburg, Petrozavodsk, Murmansk, Tallinn and Helsinki.
Between Moscow and St. Petersburg express trains run: e.g.:
the “Red Arrow”, ”Aurora”, ”Russian Troika”.
Paveletsky railway station is passenger terminal of Moscow
– Passenger Paveletskaya station. Architects:A.Krasovsky.
Riga Railway Station, until 1930 it was Vindavsky, until the
mid-1930s - Baltic, until 1946-Rzhevsky-passenegr terminal
station Moscow-Rigas. Architects:Stanislav Brzhozovsky.
Savyolovsky Railway Station, until 1912 it was Butyrsky
passenger terminal of the Moscow-Butyrskaya station.
Yaroslavsky Railway Station, until 1870 it was Troitsky,
until 1922-Yaroslavl, until 1955 - North passenger station
Moscow-Passenger-Yaroslavl.
Text 2
MCD (Moscow Central Diameters)
Ex. 1. Study the active vocabulary:
1. MCD (Moscow Central Diameters) – Московские Центральные
Диаметры.
2. Off-street railway transport – Внеуличный железнодорожный
транспорт
3. Maintenance – Обслуживание
4. Mixed traffic schedule – График смешанного движения
5. Raise funds – привлекать средства
6. The entire program is estimated – Вся программа оценивается
7. Implementation – Реализация
8. Allocated from the budget – Выделено из бюджета
9. Forecast – прогноз
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10. Financed equally – финансируется в равной степени
Moscow Central diameters (MCD)
Moscow Central diameters (MCD) is a system of
off — street railway transport lines created on the basis of the existing infrastructure of the Moscow railway. In the media, the project is also referred to as a
"surface metro", although it is not actually a metro.
Connects Moscow and the cities near Moscow: Lobnya, Dolgoprudny, Odintsovo, Krasnogorsk and Podolsk. The first two diameters with a total length of
132 km in the mixed traffic schedule were opened on
November 21, 2019. The first two routes with 60 stations are 132 km long. Central suburban passenger
company JSC is engaged in diameter maintenance.
The project is financed equally from the budget of
Moscow and the budget of Russian Railways, and
there are no plans to raise funds from the Federal
budget at the moment. According to official estimates,
the organization of the route MCD-1 (Odintsovo —
Lobnya) will cost 8 billion rubles, the organization of
the MCD-2 (Nakhabino-Podolsk) - 12 billion rubles.
The entire program is estimated at 40 billion rubles by
the representative of the mayor's office, and 60 billion
rubles by the head of Russian Railways Oleg
Belozerov.
According to an independent expert, the implementation of the first route will require about 10 billion
rubles. According to Marat Khusnullin, by the end of
December 2017, money for the project has already
been allocated, but the specific amount is not called.
According to The Village, 20 billion rubles were allocated from the budget for January 2018.
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According to the new forecast of Russian Railways,
announced in August 2018, the total cost of implementing
the MDC project of 6 lines will be 155.4 billion rubles,
and it is not final. At the same time, only the first stage of
the two lines will cost about 40 billion rubles.
Ex. 5. Translate the following sentences and wordcombinations from Russian into English:
А:
1. Мсковские центральные диаметры (МЦД) — система линий вне-
уличного железнодорожного транспорта создана на базе суще-
ствующей инфраструктуры Московской железной дороги cвязы-
вает междe
бой Москву и подмосковные города: Лобню, Долгопрудный, Оди
нцово, Красногорск и Подольск. Первые два диаметра общей
протяжённостью 132 км в графике смешанного движения откры-
ты 21 ноября 2019 года. Протяжённость первых двух маршрутов
с 60 станциями составляет 132 км. Обслуживанием диаметров
занимается АО «Центральная пригородная пассажирская компа-
ния».
2. Проект финансируется в равной степени из бюджета Москвы и
бюджета РЖД, привлечение средств из федерального бюджета
на текущий момент не планируется. По официальным подсчётам
организация маршрута МЦД-1 (Одинцово — Лобня) обойдётся в
8 млрд рублей, организация МЦД-2 (Нахабино — Подольск) — в
12 млрд рублей. Вся программа представителем мэрии оценива-
ется в 40 млрд рублей, главой РЖД Олегом Белозёровым — в
60 млрд рублей.
3. По оценке независимого эксперта, на реализацию первого марш-
рута потребуется около 10 млрд рублей. По словам Марата Ху-
снуллина, деньги на реализацию проекта уже были выделены,
конкретная сумма при этом не называется.
4. Согласно новому прогнозу РЖД полная стоимость реализации
проекта МЦД из 6 линий составит 155,4 млрд рублей, и она не
является конечной. При этом только первый этап из двух линий
будет стоить порядка 40 млрд рублей.
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Ex. 2: Which of the following statements are true (T) and
which are false (F)?
1. MCD is a system of railway transport.
2. MCD-1 connects Moscow and Saint-Petersburg.
3. Total length of the first two diameters is 132 km.
4. Moscow mayor’s office is engaged in diameter
maintenance.
5. The entire program is estimated at more than 100 bil-
lion rubles.
6. Oleg Belozerov is the head of Russian Railways.
7. The new forecast of Russian Railways was announced
in August 2017.
8. MCD-2 connects Nakhabino and Podolsk.
Ex. 3. Insert expressions from the list below into appropriate spaces in the sentences:
A. implementation
B. financed equally
C. maintenance
D. off-street railway transport
E. forecast
1. Central suburban passenger company JSC is engaged in
diameter _________. (C)
2. According to the new ________ of Russian Railways the
total cost of implementing the MCD project of 6 lines will be
155,4 billion rubles.
(E)
3. The project is _________ from the budget of Moscow and
the budget of Russian Railways.
(B)
4. MCD is a system of ________.
(D)
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