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Файл:Речевой практикум по английскому языку. В 2 частях. Ч.2. Учебное пособие
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7.giggling
a.arguing
b.coughing
c.laug h ing in a sill y way
8.rambling on
a.talking f or too long
b.going for a walk
c.hesitating
9.cocky
a.nervous
b.proud
c.over-confident
10.done your
homework
a.quarreled bein g interview ed
b.work ed hard a t
school
c.found out as much informati on as
11.get caught out
a.be found to be lying
b.be in danger
c.be wasting your time
12.sell y ourself
a.are too nervous
b.are too modes t
c.don’t t alk e
nough
possible about the company
short
Exercise 32. Now use a dictionary to look up the ones you couldn’t
guess from the context.
Exercise 33. Discuss these questions.
Ø What kind of people are the intended readers of this article?
Ø Wh ich do you think a re the three mos t i mport a nt points?
Ø Ca n you add on e more DO and one more DON’T to t h e li st?
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Exercise 34. Work in groups. Imagine t hat you’re giving advice not
to someone who’s going to a job interview but to someone who hasn’t
taken p art in a n oral examina tion b efore. W hich of t he point s in the
art icle are in any way relevant to an E nglis h spea king ex am?
GRAMMAR AND LEXICAL EXERCISES
Usi ng suff ixes. Ab str act nouns
Nouns from verbs
-ment –ance –ence –ion –tion –ation –al
arrangement argument development achievement............................
perfor mance appearance entrance acceptance..................................
reference interference independence ..................................................
prediction action educat ion ..............................................................
description addition .. ........ ..................................................................
pronunciation qualification explanation ...........................................
arrival refusal denial .........................................................................
Exercise 35. Add more examples of nouns formed from the verbs
listed. C h eck the spelling changes in a dict ionary.
Accept, achieve, agree, approve, astonish, collect, create,
decide, direct, employ, encourage, entertain, imagine, improve,
insist, insure, prefer, produce, propose, protect, replace, resist,
retire, s urvi ve.
Nouns from adjectives
-ness –ance –e nce –ity – cy
kindness friendliness shyness awareness.........................................
arrogance reluctance relevance brilliance..........................................
violence confidence difference absence...........................................
ability curiosity generosity ..............................................................
accuracy frequency redundancy ......................................................
Exercise 36. Add more examples of nouns formed from the
adjectives listed. Use a dictionary to check your spelling, if necessary.
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Absent, aware, brillia nt, careless, efficient, fluent, formal, happy,
One of the
(1)
______ people have in their
DIFFICULT
important, lonely, nervous, patient, polite, popular, possible, present,
priv ate, proficient, real, rude, secure, selfish, significant, si mple.
Exercise 37. What adjective do you associate with each of these
abstract nouns ?
Anxiety, freedom, strength, wisdom, boredom, pride, hunger,
thirst.
Exercise 38. Read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at
the end of each line to for m a wor d that fits in the space in the same
line. You may have to add a prefix or a suffix (or both!) to the root
word. If the gap requires a verb, make sure the tense is right.
work these days is coming to terms with
(2)______. Technology is changing fast, and
MODERNISE
many of the s kills we learn today may no longer
be (3)______ in the future. We should all expect
to be (4)______ severa l times during our working
lives. The experience of (5)______ is typical:
USE
TRAIN
COMPUTERISE
today computers are used in every business.
Without a good working (6)______ of computers
you can’t expect to find (7)______ t hese days. It
KNOW
EMPLOY
is als o a b solu t el y ess entia l f or emp lo yees t o ha v e
an (8)______ of how various software
AWARE
applications work. Althou gh computers are mor e
user-friendly than they used to be, keyboard
skills are still essential. Voice (9)______
technology is unlikely to provide a (10)______
RECOGNISE
REPLACE
for the keyboard – whose layout is exactly the
same as an old-fa shioned typewriter.
83
Exercise 39. C ompl ete t he s ent ences wit h th e app rop ria te wor d fr om
Employ, interview, shortlist, apply, retire, advertise
, resign
.
the list below. S ometimes you have to change the form.
1) We have received _______ for this job from 3,000 people.
2) I saw the _______ for this post in the Sunday Times.
3) OK, I think we’ve said enou gh about Mr Downing. Ca n you
call the next _____?
4) When she was offer ed the new job, she sent a letter of _____
to her old _____.
5) – Where _____ you _____ for the job?
- No, I didn’t even get a firs t _____.
6) Nobody in the company ______ for the job, so they had to
_____ the post in the newspaper.
7) His recent history of ______ is very strange. He had six jobs
between 1990 and 2000, a nd he ______ from all of them.
Exercise 40. Match 1-7 with a-g to ma k e seven s enten ces.
1. You can sometimes
take early retir eme n t …
2. You resign from your
job…
3. You are transferred…
4. You are dis missed…
5. You usually retire…
6. You are made
redundant…
7. You are taken on…
a. to anoth er part of the
same company.
b. by a new company.
c. if your job no longer
exists.
d. between 60 and 65.
e. to take up a position in
another company.
f. between 50 and 60.
g. if your job performa nce
hasn’t been satisfa ctory.
Exercise 41. Choose the best alternative to comp lete these s entence s.
1) A doctor is a member of a respected …
occupation profession trade work
2) It’s wise to think about choosing a … before leaving school.
business career living vocation
84
3) You’ll probably have to fill … an application form.
a)
She was given the
71.She was given a better
b)
She got a
rise.2.She answered an
down in on through
4) If you ’re a (n) …, you have t o d o what your bos s tells y ou.
employee employer director man ager
5) It’s difficult these days for anyone to find a well-paid … job.
eternal permanent reliable stable
6) She was … after three years with the company.
advanced elevated promoted raised
7) An apprentice is required to do several years’ …
coaching education formation training
8) A ret ired person is paid a …
grant pension rent scholarship
9) If you are paid monthly, rather than weekly, you receive …
revenue a reward a salary wages
10) Some of my work is quite interesting, but a lot of it is just …
habit practice routine tradition
Exercise 42. Choose the three best alternatives for each sentence.
Two a lternatives are wrong.
1) She’s looking for a better position with another …
association, company, firm, organization, society.
2) Ford is a multi-national corporation that … motor vehicles.
constructs, fabricates, makes, manufactures, produces.
3) He was … because he was an unreliable and lazy worker.
dismissed, dispatched, fired, left, sacked.
4) A good worker is usually someone with the right kind of …
experience, experiences, experiment, personality,
qualifications.
5) All t h e member s of our … are exp ec ted to work ha rd.
department, personal, personnel, staff, team.
Exercise 43. Match each sentence (a-j) with a sentence (1-10) which
has a similar meaning.
sack.
job.
advertisement.
85
c)
She got a promoti on.
3.
She decided to leave.
d)
Sh e retired.
4.
She did the job
carefully.
e)
She did it for a living.
5.
She didn’t have a job.
f)
She resigned.
6.
She earned her money
g)
She was unemployed.
7.
She was dismissed.
h)
She applied for the
8.
She wanted a better job.
i)
She was ambitious.
9.
She was old and stopped
j)
She was consci entious.
10.
She was given more
Managing director, junior execut
ive, colleague, director, supervisor,
that way.
job.
work.
money.
Exercise 44. Tra ns late th e words given in bracket s .
1) There are several ways of (поиска работы). 2) First you
should (оценить) your own chances. 3) He studied the ads of
(о вакансиях) being published. 4) Solid companies (помещают
объявления) in pr estigious expensive publications. 5) Your main task
is to understand whether the position (согласуется) your skills and
educa t ion. 6 ) S uch sp ecia l dem an ds ( устанавливают уровень) of t h e
candidat e’s qualificat ion. 7) Remember t hat the dema nds enumerat ed
in the ads (обязательны). 8) Carefully read (требования) made of the
given position. 9) There is a need to understand t hat the word does not
(подразумевает) secretarial functions. 10) (Предварительный
отбор) is carried out on the basis of resumes. 11) Reading the ads you
may ( выделить/ получить) i nf or mat io n o n th e ( деятельности) of th e
company 12) There is a need (представить себе) at least in general
outline the personnel structure of West ern companies.
Exercise 45. Complete the following sentences using suitable words
or phrases from the list below.
staff, senior executive, superior, employee, middle manager,
subordinate, workforce.
86
1) The group of ex ecutives working below the top managers are
gener a l ly ca ll ed . . . .. 2 ) Va ler ie is a n i mp or t a nt p er son in ou r c ompa n y.
She is a member of the Board of ..... 3) Peter, a recent university
graduate, has been with the firm for a year. He is at present a ….., and
is being trained for a managerial position, 4) Their ..... is expanding
rapidly. They now have over 5.000 employees. 5) At least 50 % of us
have been with the company over t en years. 6) ..... in an organization
generally have more fringe benefits tha n lower-level managers. 7) We
are a small group in the Research and Development Department.
Fortunately, I get on well with all my ..... 8) Our telephone operators
work under the direction of a ..... 9) I work under Mr Brown. He’s my
..... 10) Shelia and T om work under my authority. I am t heir boss and
they are my ..... 11) I am responsible for ..... training and development.
12) A ..... is a pers on of high ra nk in an or ganization, usually next in
importa nce to th e Chairman.
Exercise 46. Match the beginnings on the left to the endings on the right.
1. Sh e’s bee n looki ng for
work…
2. She sent in her
application…
3. She felt very nervous…
4. She didn’t do well in the
interview…
5. She didn’t think she’d
get the job…
6. T he other c and id ates
were well qu a lifi ed …
7. She was amazed that they
offered her the job…
8. She got the job…
a. after the inter vi ew had
gone so badly.
b. as soon as she saw the
advertisement.
c. because she had such
good qualifications.
d. befor e she had even left
the building.
e. before the int erview.
f. even though she is
intelligent and charming.
g. since leaving university.
h. so she wasn’t very
optimistic.
87
Exercise 47. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar
meaning to the first line, us ing the word given in bold. Do not change
the w ord gi ven. You must u se bet wee n two a nd f ive w ords, inc ludi n g
the word giv en.
1. We went out for a wa lk in s p ite of t h e heavy r ain.
Although We went out for a walk although it was raining
hard.
2. My dictionary weighs a lot. Still, I’ve brought it with me.
Even I’ve brought my dictionary with me ... heavy.
3. I phoned the office. I wanted to tell them when I’d be arriving.
Let I phoned the office ... my time of arrival.
4. I was busy in the office. Meanwhile my friends wer e enjoying
thei r day off.
Fun My friends were ... I was working.
5. I want to go for a swim at lunchtime. However, there may not
be enough time.
Have If I ... go for a swim at lunchtime.
6. The bus drivers are on strike tomorrow. Nevertheless, I’m
goin g t o try to g et to work.
Despite I’m going to try to get to work ... tomorrow.
Exercise 48. Write a single, long sentence combining these short
sentences, incorporat in g t he words in bold. You ma y n ee d to rea rrange
so me of t he id eas.
1. You could get a par t-time job. It wou ld help you t o pay for
your course. It would also give you useful experi ence.
Besides Getting.................................................................
2. She hasn’t finished her studies yet. She has no idea what kind
of job she wants to do. She’ll decide that when she gets her
degree.
Until She can’t....................................................................
3. Some school subjects seem irrelevant to the world of work.
Other subjects have a direct relevance. Languages are likely to
be us eful in work. History may not be so useful.
Such as Although.............................................................
4. He has been offered a new job. It is in another city. It sounds
really int eresting. Living in another cit y would be int eresting.
88
Moving to another city would mean leaving his family. But
advertis ement,
application form
, career, CV, driving licence,
he’ll probably take the job.
Even though He’s probably going to
take..................................
Exercise 49. Complete the conversation with the correct words from the
box.
full-time, interview, offer, organized, part-time, qualifications,
references, sense of humour, skills, starting salary, stressful,
temporary, training course, unemployed, well-paid
A: Did you have to fill in an (1) application form to get your j ob?
B: No, I saw an (2) __________ in the newspaper fot a job as a runner
for a TV company and I wrote them a letter. I also sent them my (3)
__________ with deta ils of my education and ot her work experience.
In my letter I said that I had always wanted a (4) __________ in TV
and was hap py to st art at t he bottom.
A: Were you nervous when you went for your (5) __________?
B: Yes, I was a bit. But they wer e very friendly and gave me a coffee.
A: Wha t questions did th ey ask you?
B: They asked if I had a clean (6) __________ because I might have
to do some dri ving. They also wanted to know about my computer (7)
__________ and I told them I knew Word and Excel.
A: Did you need any other (8) __________ for t he job?
B: No, but I think you have to be well (9) __________ for this kind of
work, or you ca n’t get ever ything done in time. And you also need a
good (10) __________.
A: Really?
B: Yes. Because sometimes, if you didn’t laugh, you’d cry!
A: Did they (11) __________ you the job straighta way?
B: No. They asked me for (12) __________. They wanted the name
and address of my boss at my last company. And I also gave them the
name of a woman I wor k ed for in Ita ly.
A: Is it a (13) __________ job?
B: Yes. I wor k forty h ours a week.
A: Do you make good money? Is it (14) __________?
89
B: No, but I don’t mind. I’m not doing it for the money. My (15)
Left school; to find a job; given up; looking through; receptionist;
To close; refusals; the interviewers; to train; to retire; a company car;
__________ was really low but it went up after two months.
A: Is it a permanent job or is it (16) __________?
B: Well, I’ve got a twelve-month contract. They might renew it after
that.
A: Do you find the work (17) __________?
B: No. it ’s ha r d w or k bu t t he a t mosp h er e is ver y r el ax ed. A ny way t el l
me about you. Are you still (18) __________?
A: No, I’ve got a job at last , but it’s only (19) __________ - twenty
hours a week. But they’re sending me on a (20) __________ next
week t o imp rov e my c omput er skil ls a nd aft er t hat they ma y off er me
mor e hour s .
Exercise 50. Fill in the right word from the table.
Out of work
A
move to; living on my own; out of work; queuing; local paper;
applicants; take any job; unemployment benefit; youth unemployment.
In Britain a lot of people are .... Tracey Chapman is 18, and she
... a year ago. She lives in the North East, an area of high .... She
hasn’t been able ... yet. “My dad just doesn’t understand. He started
working in a steel mill when he was 15. Things are different now, but
he thinks I s hould sta rt bringing home some money. Oh, I get my...
but that isn’t much and I’m fed up with ... for it every Thursday. I
hate ha vin g to ask my mum and da d for money. Oh, my mum gi ves
me a couple of pou nds for tights now and then, but she can’t stand
seeing me at home all day. I’ve almost ... looking for a job. I buy the
... everyday but I’m really tired of ... the “Situations Vacant” column.
There are 50 ... for every job. I was interested in being a dentist’s ...
because I like meeting people, but now I’d ... at all. People ask me
why I don’t ... London, but I don’t want to leave my family and
friends. Anyway, I’m scared of ... in a big city.”
B
doing a job; am tired of; looking for a job; point of view; am terrified
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