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Файл:Речевой практикум по английскому языку. В 2 частях. Ч.2. Учебное пособие
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Exercise 33. Work in pairs. Say what ideas to improve their English
1.
How does Ivan feel?
2.
He went to the café in the …
3.
What does
Hooroo
mean?
4.
Where does the conversat ion take place?
5.
Monica suggests that they go to the …
1.
How many languages are there in the world?
2.How many of the world’s languages will die over the next century?
3.
How quickly are languages currently dying?
4.
How many languages have only one sp
eaker left?
5.
Where are most of the most endangered languages of the world?
6.
Where does the langua ge
Kasabe
come fro m?
7.
How
many people speak
Welsh
?
the students talk about.
Exercise 34. Listen again. Choose A – C.
A depressed B bored C angry
A morning. B afternoon. C evening.
A How do you do? B Hello. C See you later.
A Sydney B Canberra C Adelaide
A cinema. B library. C café.
NUMBER OF LANGUAGES
Exercise 35. Work in pairs. Discuss the questions.
A 600 B 1600 C 6000
A a quarter B a third C half
A One a week B One a fortnight C One a month
A 15 B 50 C 150
A Australia B Africa C Asia
A Africa B Australia C Asia
A a quarter of a million B half a million C a million
Now listen to Part 1 of a n interv iew and check y our a nsw ers.
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Exercise 36. Now match the languages Breton, Kasabe, Manx, Welsh
Which lan
guage …
1.is now extinct?
2.has been successfu lly r evived after a previous decline?
3.comes from the Isle of Man?
4.has suffered a considerable decline in recent year s?
with the statements.
Exercise 37. List en aga in and c omplet e the sent enc es. Use n o mor e
than t w o w ords.
1) The language of Kasabe was discovered by a __________.
2) It is not __________ for languages to become extinct.
3) Languages are disappearing at a more increasing __________
now than in the past.
4) Cornish and Welsh can be classified as __________ languages.
Exercise 38. Listen to Part 2 of the interview and answer the questions.
1) Can we save all endangered languages?
2) How many languages have fewer than 100000 speakers?
3) Which two profess ions can help to save a dying language?
4) Which two types of publication can help in the process of
saving a language?
5) In which three areas of the world have languages been
successfully saved?
6) Why should we care about language extinction?
7) Which three types of knowledge can be gained by learning
languages?
Exercise 39. Now work in pa irs. Discuss t he quest i o ns.
Ø Do you ha ve many f oreign words in your langua g e?
Ø Is this a sign of cultural assimilation or your language adapting?
SPEAKING
Exercise 40. Read the dialogue and expr ess the opinion “Why do you
learn foreign language?”
WHY DO YOU LEARN A FOREIGN LANGUAGE?
— Is it easy for you to learn a foreign language?
22
— Lear ning a for ei gn langua ge is not an eas y thing. It is a long
and slow process that takes a lot of time and efforts.
— Why do you learn a foreign language?
— Nowadays it is especially important to know a foreign
language. Some people learn a language, b ecause they need it for their
work, oth ers tr a v el a br oa d, for t he t h ir d st u dyi n g la n gu ag e is a h ob b y.
Everyone, who knows a foreign language can speak to people from
oth er countries, read forei g n auth ors in the or i g inal, w h ich makes you r
outlook wider.
— Why do you learn exactly English?
— Nowadays English has become the world's most important
language in politics, science, trade and cultural relations.
— Do many people in the world speak English as a mother
language (tongue)?
— Over 300 million people speak it as a mother tongue. The
native speakers of English live in Great Britain, the United States of
America, Australia and New Zealand. English is one of the official
languages in the Irish R epublic, Canada, the South Afr ican Repub lic.
English is one of the official languages of the United Nations
Organization and other pol itical organizatio ns.
— What language is used by scientists?
— Half of the world's scientific literature is in English. It is the
language of computer technology. To know English today is
absolutely necessary for every educated man, for every good
specialist.
— Do you like English?
— English language is a wonderful language. It is the la nguage
of the great literature. It is the language of William Shakespeare,
Jonathan Swift , Walter S cott, Char les Dickens.
— Do you know how to learn English better?
— Yes , t here a r e so me ru l es of me mor y. I t is ne ces s ar y to r ep ea t
the material you've learnt every three days. If you don't repeat the
mat erial withi n thr ee days most o f the i nfor matio n van ishes a s if yo u
never learnt it. It is better to memorize material before you go to bed.
You'll memorize it more quickly. It's very useful to listen to the
mat erial you ar e lear ning t o memor ize t he pr onu nciat ion. One sh ould
also know that we get 90 % of infor mation by teaching others, only 20
% by listening and 30 % by seeing.
23
Exercise 41. Now you study at the universit y a course of English. It
for
aga ins t
1)
I can read scientific journals in
1)
It takes a lot of time to learn a
can read interesting articles when
You have recently completed a short course. The course tutor has asked
and suggest how the course can be improved.
is very important to know what you think about it. Is it necessary for a
future economist (engineer) to study a foreign language?
Read pros and cons given below. Think of some more which are
importa nt in y ou r opinio n.
English as soon as they are
published.
2) I can speak to foreig n
colleagues if necessary.
3) I can read English books.
4) I can find out more about the
world.
foreign language.
2) It is impossible to learn a foreign
language.
3) I
they are translated into Russian.
4) I think it is very difficult to learn
a foreign language.
Discuss the problem in groups of 3-5 students. You may find
the following expressions helpful:
To express your opinion
I think … I suppose …
Spea k ing for mysel f … I’m sure …
I believe … In my opi n i o n …
To agree with somebody
Yes, I agree (with you) I think so too.
That's true. You a re quite rig ht.
To disagree with somebody
On the other hand ... It' s not (entirely) true.
I don't agree (with you). I don't thi nk so.
WRITING
Exercise 42. Letter writing. Read the writing task and underline the
key wor ds .
you for suggestions on how the course can be improved in future.
Write a letter to the course tutor. In your letter…
ü thank him / her for the course;
ü say what you enjoyed most about it and why;
ü
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Exercise 43. Decide which aspects of the course the writ er mentions.
A
cont ent
D
costBlength
E
materials used
C
number of participants
F
location
enormously, immensely, seriously, sincerely, strongly, warmly.
thank some
one
enjoy / like something
suggest / think something
warmly
Read th e letter b elo w and circle three letters A-F .
Exercise 44. Put the words in t he tab le int o groups.
Exercise 45. Complete the letter with th e words from Exercise 51.
Dear Rachel Jeffs,
I am writing to thank you (1) __________ for the recent
Writing Skills course you ran. I attended every session and enjoyed it
(2) __________.
I liked the work on dictionary skills (3) __________ and
found it particularly useful. I even learned how to use a Thesaurus
which has helped me improve my assignment writing. The course has
even had a positive effect on my speaking skills as I am now using a
wider range of vocabulary in tutorials.
However, you will remember that there were too many
students in the class. I would (4) __________ like to suggest that
there should be a limit on the number of students per class.
Furthermore, as many students intend to apply for summer jobs
before the start of the new academic year I (5) __________ think
there should be some focus on writing cover letters and CVs too.
I hope you find these suggestions useful. Once again I would like
to thank you (6) __________ for such an enjoyable and helpful course.
Best wishes,
Erika
Exercise 46. Write a letter about a different course. Write at least
100-120 words.
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UNIT 2.
GLOBAL PROBLEMS OF THE MODERN WORLD
“Only when all the rivers have run dry
and all the fish in the sea have died only when
all the rainfore sts ha ve been burnt d own and
the cities of the world have choked will the white man
understand that we cannot eat the money
and that it’s too late to save the earth.”
American saying
“ The best six doctors anywhere
And no one can deny it
Are sunshine, water, rest and air
Exercise and diet.
These six will gladly you attend
If only you are willing
Your mind they’ll ease
Your will they’ll mend
And charge you not a shilling”
Nurse ry rhymes
WARM I NG UP
Exercise 1. Rea d a nd comment on t he foll o w ing.
1) “Global warming is not a conqueror to kneel before - but a
challenge to rise to. A challenge we must rise to.” Joe
Lieberman
2) “Thousands have lived without love, not one without water.”
W.H. Auden
3) “We d o not i nher it t he ear th fr om ou r a ncest ors , we b orr ow it
from our children.” Native American Proverb
4) “Modern technology owes ecology an apology.” Alan M.
Eddison
5) “Waste water today, live in desert tomorrow.”
6) “If you litter, the future will be bitter”
7) “Air pollution is not a joke, air pollution will make you choke”
8) “Thos e who th ink they have no t ime for ex ercis e will s ooner
or later have to find time for illness.” Edward Stanley
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9) “The only way to keep your health is to eat what you don’t
want, drink what you don’t like, and do what you’d rather
not.” M.Twain
10) “The secret of health for both mind and body is not to mourn
for the past, not to worry about the future, or not to anticipate
troubles, but to live the present moment wisely and ear nestly.”
Siddart ha Guatama Buddha
READING AND DISCUSSION
TEXT A
Exercise 2. Read the text and explain in English t he words in bold.
Global problems
In recent years the worl d has witnessed considerable economi c
development and the process of generating wealth a nd pr os p er it y ha s
been very uneven, to such a degree, that economic imbalances are now
seen to ag gr avate th e socia l probl ems an d polit ical i nsta bility a lmost
in every r egion of the Globe. Undoubtedly, all contemporary global
prob lems fin d their roots i n the c onsequen ces of rapid sc ientifi c and
technological progr ess. However, despite all our cons tant effort s and
attempts to solve these urgent problems, the best we have now ar e
just modest results. Mankind seems to stand, as it were, at some
civilization crossroad. The tangle of the most pressing problems keeps
on growing like a snowball. Humanity today faces many challenges:
Issues involving the global commu nity:
global warming,
biod i v ersit y and ec os ys tem los ses,
fisheries depletion,
deforest ation,
water deficits,
marine safety and pollution,
population growth,
environmental pollution,
poverty of the masses, especially in the so-called Third
World, which constitutes about 2/3 of the Earth
population.
27
Issues requiring a global commi tment:
massive step-up in the fi ght against poverty,
peacekeeping, conflict prevention within and among
var ious nations , combatin g terrorism,
education for all,
global infectious diseases,
natural disaster prevention and mitigation,
issues nee ding a global regu latory approach,
illegal drugs distribution,
intellectual property rights,
int ernational labor and migrat ion rules,
organized cri mes,
threat of the global nuclear war.
Environmental protection is the ma in problem facing hu manity
nowadays. The ima ge of a sick planet has become firmly established
in the public mind lately.
Ten y ear s ago t he wor d 'ec olo gy' ha r dly mea nt a nyth in g for t he
maj orit y of p eop le, b ut t oda y we ca n't help b ear ing it i n our mi nds. It
has happened because of the growing effect of the rapid industrial
development of the natural world which has negative features of its
own. As a matter of fact the state of environment has greatly worsened
of lat e.
There is no doubt that soil, water and air are contaminated with
toxic wastes. Over the past few years we have been constantly
speaking about ozone holes, droughts, high level of radiation, about
food contaminated with chemicals. Scientists in many countries are
very much concerned about drastic changes in weat her patterns. The
wors t dr oug ht, t he mi ldest wint er a nd th e most deva st atin g hur ric anes
have become typical in those parts of the world where they used t o be
a rare occurrence.
Weat h er p at t erns ha v e b een chan gi n g r ecentl y du e t o t he gl oba l
warming-up process and its major reason — the greenhouse effect.
The greenhouse effect is created by carbon dioxide emissions,
relea sed b y in dustr ial f acilit ies and a co nsta ntly i ncr eas ing nu mber o f
cars. Thus it is of vital importance that the world should start cutting
down the release of gases that contribute to the greenhouse effect.
What is th e reas on f or p eop le get tin g s o much wor ri ed a bout the st at e
28
of environment? The answer to this question is fairly simple. The
thing is the deterioration of the environment is telling heavily on
people. They are paying for this with their health. And it is ob vious
what all people need is a healthy environment, but today’s civilization
sta t e may b e f ea tu r ed as a “ dis ea s e” t ha t , if k ee ps o n p rogress in g, wi ll
lead us to self-destruction and all nations of the G lobe, despite their
traditions, beliefs and values, should give priorities to the common
int erests of man kind in order t o ensure peac e a n d human s urvival.
To solve these burning problems it is necessary for people t o
combine efforts, to raise safet y standards at all industrial facilities, t o
process by-products of industry, to set up an international space
laboratory to monitor the state of environment and set up an
international centre for emergency environmental assistance. All
these measures will help us in solving t hese important problems an d
prevent us from dangerous illnesses and diseases. We are to save our
planet both for ours elves and for the generations to come.
Exercise 3. Give English equivalents to the following words and
word combinations.
Политическая нестабильность, быть свидетелем,
усугубить, попытаться решить неотложные проблемы,
последствия технологического прогресса, организованная
преступность, распространение наркотиков, рост населения,
угроза ядерной войны, загрязнение окружающей среды, бедность
народных масс в странах третьего мира, экологический кризис,
саморазрушение, столкнуться с вызовом, привести к глобальной
катастрофе, сохранить планету для будущих поколений.
Exercise 4. Answer the follo w ing qu estions.
1) What are the consequences of rapid scientific and
technological progress?
2) What are the main global problems?
3) What is the greenhouse effect?
4) What is the rea son for peopl e gettin g so muc h worri ed abou t
the state of environment?
5) What should be done to solve these problems?
29
Exercise 5. Dec ide w hether these st ate ments a re true or fa lse.
A.
A water y gr a ve
D.
Nature can heal itself
B.
No t rees
–
no life
E.
Running out of time
C.
Choking to death
F.
We can do it!
1) Today’s civilization state is slowly improving.
2) Soil, water and air are contaminated wit h toxic wastes.
3) Weather p atter ns haven’t been cha nging recently.
4) The image of a sick planet has become firmly established in
the public mind lately.
5) The winter s have b ecome milder in those parts of the world
where they used to be a rare occurrence.
Exercise 6. C ompos e sentences usin g word c ombinatio ns.
Considerable economic development, political instability,
organized crimes, toxic wastes, deterioration of the environment,
to monitor the state of environment, greenhouse effect, population
growth.
Exercise 7. Put questions to the sentences.
1) Acid rains, global warming, air and water pollution, and
overpopulation are the prob lems t hat threaten human lives on
the Earth. (What…?)
2) Our forests are disappearing because they are cut down or
burnt. (Why…?)
3) People have al ways polluted their surroundings. (W ho…?)
4) Billions of tons of coal and oil are consumed around the world
every year. (When…?)
5) With the development of overcrowded industrial highly
developed cities, we put huge amounts of pollutants into
surrounds. (What…?)
Exercise 8. Read the article about the problems of our planet. C hoose
the most suitable heading from the list A-F for each p art (1-4). There
is one headi ng you do not need to use.
TEXT B
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