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Файл:Новый тренажер по английскому языку от простого к сложному
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dusk, sunrise, sunset, daytime, nightfall и др. входят
в состав именного сказуемого то артикль не употребляется совсем.
It was evening when he put his books aside and went out
for а walk.
Был уже вечер, когда он отложил книги и пошел прогуляться.
Также, если перед этими существительными стоят прилагательные early, late, high и broad, которые своим значением
только уменьшают (укорачивают) часть суток. Например:
It was late evening. Был поздний вечер.
It was early morning. Было раннее утро.
It was high noon. Был самый полдень.
It was broad day. Была самая середина дня.
Эти же существительные, при получении ограничения в
контексте употребляются с определенным артиклем, а с описательным определением a/an
Например:
The night was warm and still.
Ночь была теплая и тихая (ночь конкретного, описываемого события).
It was a wet day, and there were few people in the street.
Был дождливый день, и на улице было мало людей.
(Описание дня).
В сочетании с предлогами in, through, during употребляется the: in the morning (evening, afternoon, daytime, night),
all through the morning, during the night.
Примечание:
Для передачи значения однажды утром(вечером, днем
и т. д.) или какой-то один день употребляется a/an
I’d like to spend an evening with you.
Я хотел бы провести с тобой один (какой-нибудь) вечер.
Упражнение 9. Вставьте артикль, где это необходимо.
1. They had to spend … night in a hotel because the flight
was delayed.
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2. They will wake up in … morning, and find their video-re-
corder.
3. Lights can be used at … night.
4. Some old people go to bed in … afternoon because they
can’t afford to heat their houses.
5. On Saturday … morning, the jury embarked on its most
difficult task.
6. He was often kept awake in … early morning by their song
which floated up through the window.
7. The storm area grew and drifted southwards during … af-
ternoon, while other storms developed over the north.
8. We can doze off in … sunshine, or wander out at … night.
9. But, then, it was … evening.
10. … evening was terrible. I didn’t meet my friend.
19. Артикль отсутствует перед существительным, имеющим
при себе другой определитель: количественное числительное, местоимение (притяжательное, неопределенное,
вопросительное, указательное) или существительное в
притяжательном падеже.
My family is large. Моя семья большая.
This hat is black. Эта шляпа черная.
Whose turn is this? Чья очередь?
I haven’t got any books. У меня нет книг.
I have three pens. У меня три ручки.
Но, если предметы упоминались ранее, то числительное
употребляется с the и the three переводится эти (те) три.
My sister’s house Дом моей сестры.
20. Неисчисляемые существительные permission разреше-
ние, furniture мебель, advice совет, советы, information
сообщение, сведения, news новость, новости progress
прогресс, impression впечатление, weather погода, health
здоровье , work работа money деньги, luck удача, nature
природа, nonsense чепуха, recearch исследование и т.д. с
неопределенным артиклем не употребляются, даже
если перед этими существительными стоит описательное
определение.
I don’t like bad weather.
Я не люблю плохую погоду.
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My father enjoys very good health.
Мой отец доволен очень хорошим здоровьем.
It’s interesting work.
Это интересная работа.
Если имеется ограничивающее определение, то эти суще-
ствительные употребляются с определенным артиклем.
The advice he gave me is very useful.
Совет, который он мне дал, очень полезный.
Примечание:
В случае необходимости для передачи единственного числа перед такими существительными как advice, news,
information и т.д. используется сочетание a piece of (один)
или неопределенные местоимения some, any.
a piece of advice один совет
a piece of information одно сообщение
21. Перед существительными, обозначающими цвет, праздники.
I got a present for Christmas.
Я получил подарок на Рождество.
I like pink Я люблю розовый.
Но: The New Year Новый год
22.
В ряде устойчивых словосочетаний артикль отсутствует:
at breakfast (lunch, dinner) за завтраком (ленчем, ужином)
at first сначала, сперва
at first sight с первого взгляда
at peace в состоянии мира
at war в состоянии войны
at table за столом (т.е. за обедом)
at sunset на заходе солнца, на закате
by chance случайно
by heart наизусть
by name по имени
by mistake по ошибке
by means of посредством
by tram (train, boat, bus) трамваем (поездом,
пароходом, автобусом и т.д.)
33
Но: take a taxi, catch a/the bus, on the bus — сесть в так-
си, поспеть на автобус, в автобусе
by air (water, sea, land) воздушным путем (водным,
морем, сухопутным)
by post по почте
by day днем
by order of по приказу кого-либо
to be in town быть в городе
to go to town поехать в город
in time вовремя
to ask permission просить разрешения
in dept в долгу
in demand в спросе
in conclusion в заключение
on deck на палубе
on credit в кредит
on sale в продаже
at present в настоящее время
on fire в огне
out of doors на открытом воздухе
to be in charge исполнять обязанности
day after day день за днем
в выражениях с предлогами from … to
from day to day изо дня в день, день ото дня
from North to South
hand in hand рука об руку
in case в случае
in cash наличными
in common совместно
in conclusion в заключение
in demand в спросе
in dept в долгу
in detail в деталях
in time во время
in vain напрасно
on credit в кредит
on deck на палубе
on fire в огне
on sale в продаже
out of breath задыхаться
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out of doors на открытом воздухе
out of rule без правил
to ask permission просить разрешения
to be in charge исполнять обязанности
to be in town быть в городе
to be on strike бастовать
to go to town поехать в город
to keep in touch общаться
А также перед существительными, которые вместе со
своими предлогами образуют сложные союзы.
in addition to в дополнение к
in contrast with по контрасту с
in regard to по отношению к
in reply to в ответ на
in connection with в связи с
on account of по причине
in comparison with по сравнению с
in place of вместо
by way of посредством и т.д.
Упражнения 10. Выберите правильный вариант ответа
1. Harold is … most extraordinary person I know.
1) – 2) the 3) a 4) an
2. Diana is … very nice person.
1) – 2) the 3) a 4) an
3. Last night we went out for … meal.
1) – 2) the 3) a 4) an
4. Tonight we are probably going to eat in … hotel restaurant
and then get to … bed early. I hate staying in … hotels but
it’s part of the job.
1) –, –, the 2) the, –, – 3) a, –, a 4) an, –, –
5. I cannot remember if I saw that film on television or at …
cinema.
1) – 2) the 3) a 4) an
6. Make sure you put your name at … end of the report.
1) – 2) the 3) a 4) an
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7. I’m sure it won’t be long before people are living and
working in … space.
1) – 2) the 3) a 4) an
8. Have you already had … lunch?
1) – 2) the 3) a 4) an
9. I spoke to several people at the cocktail party. Was John …
one with the red hair?
1) – 2) the 3) a 4) an
10. I’d like to invite you to … dinner next week, if that’s OK
with you.
1) – 2) the 3) a 4) an
Упражнение 11. Выберите правильный вариант ответа
1. Could you close … door, please? It’s really cold.
1) – 2) the 3) a 4) an
2. We have got new offices near … centre of the city.
1) – 2) the 3) a 4) an
3. Have your new offices got … canteen?
1) – 2) the 3) a 4) an
4. For lunch I had … sandwich. I cannot remember what filling
was in … sandwich.
1) –, thw 2) a, the 3) a, a 4 ) an, the
5. When you come out of the lift, you’ll see two doors, … red
one and … blue one. My door is … red one.
1) – 2) the/the/a 3) a/a/the 4) a/a/a
5) the/the/the
6. We need to do more for … poor.
1) – 2) the 3) a 4) an
7. The greatest invention of the 20th century is … computer.
1) – 2) the 3) a 4) an
8. I’m looking for … new job.
1) – 2) the 3) a 4) an
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9. I saw … man going into the office. I don’t know who … man
was.
1) –, the 2) the, the 3) a, a 4) a, the
10. When you’re ready, I’ll take you to … airport.
1) – 2) the 3) a 4) an
Упражнения 12. Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
1. I have … colour TV-set. … TV-set is on … little table in …
corner of … room.
2. There is … book, … pen, and … sheet of paper on my desk.
3. My brother is … teacher. He works at … school. He has …
very good books. His books are in … big bookcase.
4. There is … tea in my glass. His … glass is empty.
5. Is there … coffee-table in your room? – … coffee-table is
in … front of … sofa. There is … cup on … coffee-table and …
newspapers. There is … coffee in … cup.
6. This is … good book. Take … book from … table. Put this
book into… bookcase.
7. … weather is fine today. … sky is blue. … sun is shining
brightly in … sky.
8. This is … boy. He is at … school. He is … pupil. This boy
is my brother’s … friend. He has … cat, but he has no … dog. He
likes his cat. He gives … cat … milk every day.
9. My favourite subjects are … chemistry and … biology.
10. We live in … big house. I like … house very much.
Упражнение 13. Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
1. Many people enjoy … snowboarding and hiking in … Alps
and … Pyrenees.
2. Belfast is … capital of … Northern Ireland and Dublin is
… capital of … Republic of … Ireland.
3. The highest mountain in … world, … Mount Everest, is in
… Himalayas.
4. If you go to … New York, you must visit … Central Park,
… Guggenheim museum and … World Trade Center, but not to
visit … Times Square.
5. I was thinking of making … lasagne, but if you prefer we
can go to … Queen’s Arm’s pub for … lunch.
6. As soon as Nick got home from … school he went straight
to … bed because he was ill.
37
7. … Rock Garden cafe is half way up … Queen Street and …
George Square.
8. Margaret Thatcher, who was … Prime Minister of … Great
Britain for 12 years, is now known as … Baroness Thatcher of
Kesteven.
9. Maria is … extremely patient girl. She will have no
problem in her career as …nanny.
10. … Great Wall of China is said to be … only man-made
structure seen from … space.
11. … Christmas and … Easter are my favourite holidays.
Упражнение 14. Поставьте артикли там, где необходимо.
1. I’d like … chicken sandwich and … glass of … mineral
water. 2. Would you like … banana or … strawberries?
3. She always has … apple, … toast and … cup of … coffee for
… breakfast.
4. The fly is on … ceiling in … kitchen.
5. My mother is … accountant and my father is … lawyer.
They work in … same company in … centre of our … town.
6. How much are … her Italian lessons? – Ten dollars …
hour.
7. Where are … dogs? – They are in … garden.
8. … cats like eating … fish. … cows like eating … grass. …
birds like eating … insects.
9. My favourite subjects are … chemistry and … biology.
10. There is … parrot in … cage. And there are … pieces of
… fruit in it.
11. My granny lives in … small village in … country.
12. Your baby shouldn’t sit in … sun on … hot day.
13. Please open … book. … exercise is on … page 38.
14. Ann has been looking for … job for … long time.
15. What’s … matter? – I missed … 4 o’clock train.
16. Do you like … vegetables?
17. … mother has got … terrible headache today.
18. There were … tears in … her eyes.
19. She is … very nice woman but her sons are … bad boys.
20. Look at … woman. She is … neighbor I told you about.
Упражнение 15. Поставьте артикли там, где необходимо
1. Yesterday I bought … pair of … shoes. Unfortunately …
shoes are too tight.
38
2. We had … dinner in … restaurant … last night. – What is
… name of … restaurant?
3. Tony has two children: … boy and … girl. They are …
twins. … girl is in … France now.
4. Would you like another piece of … cake? – No, … cake is
too fat for me.
5. His office is on … Floor 5. And I live on … tenth floor.
6. Little Mike leaves for … school very early because …
school is quite far from … his home.
7. Lara saw … letter under … door. She read … letter and
started crying.
8. Did you enjoy … food at … party … last Friday?
9. Roger is … scientist, he works for … government.
10. We go to … gym twice … week.
Упражнение 16. Поставьте артикли там, где необходимо
1. I come to … work by … bus. Today … bus was a bit late.
2. … Jack is … youngest but … cleverest boy at … school.
3. It rained, so I stayed at … home in … evening. But today
… sun is shining brightly in … sky.
4. On … Monday … kids were tired and they went to … bed
very early.
5. My wife is … best woman in … world and I’m … happiest
husband!
6. They are having … test on … third of December.
7. What … beautiful painting! … artist is such … talented
person.
8. Robin Hood robbed … rich and helped … poor.
9. David is … old friend of mine. He plays … guitar perfectly.
His sister has been playing … tennis since … age of ten.
10. … Jacksons live in that lovely cottage with … fantastic
garden.
11. Sam used … drugs and was sent to … prison in … August.
What … shame!
12. … Harrisons are not religious and they never go to …
church.
13. He has been in … hospital for … month.
14. … English are very fond of … gardening.
15. I’ve tried to learn … Japanese many times.
16. She is … famous actress and she often appears on … TV.
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17. It’s such … original idea! Besides you’ve got … good
sense of humour.
18. On … rainy day … castle looks like … prison.
Упражнение 17. Вставьте артикль, где необходимо
1. My colleague told me … funny joke today. … joke was
about Sherlock Holmes. She had seen it on … website. It’s … old
joke. Sherlock Holmes and Watson went camping in … forest.
They were sleeping in … forest when Holmes woke up. He could
see … moon and stars. He asked Watson to give … explanation.
Watson said: ‘If you can see … star, there might be other life
in … Universe.’ Holmes said: ‘ Watson, someone has stolen
… tent!’
Контрольный тест 1 (Articles)
1. My sister has got … child.
1) a 2) an 3) the 4) –
2. He’s got … asthma.
1) a 2) an 3) the 4) –
3. The ring is just a band of… gold.
1) a 2) an 3) the 4) –
4. It prints seven pages …. minute.
1) a 2) an 3) the 4) –
5. Let’s have a weekend in … mountains.
1) a 2) an 3) the 4) –
6. She’s at … work.
1) a 2) an 3) the 4) –
7. It’s in … Tasman Sea.
1) a 2) an 3) the 4) –
8. Sorry-it’s … wrong answer.
1) a 2) an 3) the 4) –
9. We’re going on a day trip by … coach.
1) a 2) an 3) the 4) –
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