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Файл:Английский язык. Учебное пособие по деловой коммуникации для студентов бакалавриата, обучающихся по направлению 38.03.01«Экономика», профили «Мировая
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Word combinations with ‘meeting’
arrange
set up
fi x
bring forward make a meeting earlier
put back
postpone
cancel not have a meeting
run
chair
attend go to a meeting
miss not go to a meeting
a meeting make a meeting later
organize a meeting
than originally decided
than originally planned
after all
be in charge of a
meeting
Types of meeting
Meetings come in all shapes and sizes, of course. Here are
some types:
• brainstorming among colleagues: where as many ideas as
possible are produced quickly, to be evaluated later;
• informal meeting, chat;
• project meeting / team meeting of employees involved in a
particular activity;
• department/departmental meeting;
• meeting with suppliers, for example to negotiate prices for
an order;
• meeting with a customer, for example to discuss a contract;
• board meeting: an offi cial, formal meeting of a company’s
directors;
• Annual general meeting / AGM (BrE); annual meeting
(AmE):where shareholders discuss the company’s annual report;
• EGM: extraordinary general meeting: a shareholders’ meeting to discuss an important issue such as a proposed merger.
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How was the meeting?
Some colleagues are discussing a meeting they have just
come out of.
Anil: I thought it was very productive.
Juliet: Well, thought it was a complete waste of time. I didn’t
hear anything I didn’t already know.
Barbara: I agree with Anil. I felt we had some very useful discussions, and that we reached an agreement that was good for
both sides. We certainly covered a lot of ground. It was incredible the number of things we got through.
Juliet: But there were too many digressions. John was rambling and kept wandering off the point. He just uses meetings as
a chance to show off. Just like a lot of men: he just wanted to
show how powerful he is and what a good talker he is.
Anil: But to be fair; the chair really kept things moving: she
encouraged people to be brief and to stick to the point and we
achieved a lot in a short time. Anyway, I learned a lot and I think
they listened to what we had to say.
2. Replace the underlined expressions with appropriate
forms of the verbs in Words combinations. In some cases,
more than one verb is possible
A meeting of the Tennis Club Committee was (1) organized
for 1 March, but not everyone could (2) go to it, so it was (3) delayed until March 31. One committee member said that this was
too late, so eventually we (4) moved it to March 15. The chairperson (5) was in charge of it very effi ciently, and we decided on
some new membership rules. Only one committee member (6)
did not go to the meeting.
3. Look at B opposite. At which type of meeting would
you be most likely to hear each of these things?
1. I’m pleased to announce another good year for share-
holders of this company.
2. I know this sounds crazy, but how about giving away
100,000 free samples?
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3. Things in the sales department are getting out of control.
We should all start making a real effort.
4. So, you think you can provide 10,000 a month at a unit
cost of £4.90?
5. Have you heard? Suzanne is being fi red: apparently her
sales fi gures aren’t good enough.
6. That’s a deal then. Looking forward to working with you.
I’m sure you won’t be disappointed.
7. Amazingly, we’re ahead of schedule on this project.
8. I recommend to shareholders that you accept Megabook’s
offer for our company.
9. As you know, Megabook wants to buy this company. As
chief fi nancial offi cer, what do you think of their offer?
4. Replace the underlined phrases in this article with the
expressions below
I don’t know how to chair a meeting!
I’ve been asked to chair a meeting about the Christmas offi ce party, but I’m incredibly nervous as I’ve never chaired one
before. Is there a secret for success?
You may have chaired a meeting but as you’ve probably
been to lots you’ll have seen it done well and badly Think
about the things that please and annoy you and build on them.
(1) Make sure everyone has the agenda well in advance, and
check that you know enough about the participants and issues
to be discussed. Arrange for the (2) room to be cool rather than
warm; people will be less likely to go to sleep.
See yourself as a referee whose job it is to ensure fair play
through careful watching and listening. You must ensure that
the timid have a chance to (3) say what they want; deal (4) in
a diplomatic way with the argumentative and to be kind to the
(5) person you have asked to take notes. Getting that individual
on your side is essential if you want the record to refl ect your de-
sired outcomes. It’s normal to suggest what should be left out of
the minutes and how any diffi cult bits should be phrased. Make
43
sure you stick to the (6) time you have allowed for each point
and keep things moving by not letting people (7) wander off the
subject. Get decisions made and recorded, even if it’s only to
postpone matters until the next meeting. If someone is being
diffi cult, defuse things by offering to continue the discussion per-
sonally at a more appropriate time.
If the meeting is likely to be more than a couple of hours
long, try to include a break at the mid-point; it acts as a marker
and stops people getting restless.
Aim to leave everyone feeling they have had a chance to
say what they wanted to say and gain lasting and well-deserved
popularity by fi nishing (8) when you said the meeting would
fi nish.
http://www.boostem.org/pdf/BUSINESS/Business_Vocabulary_In_Use2.pdf
a. timetable
b. circulate the agenda well in advance
c. on time
d. tactfully
e. venue
f. minute-taker
g. digress
h. make the point
5. Match the verbs (1-7) with the nouns (a-g) that they go
with. Make sentences of your own with these expressions
1. take a. a minute-taker
2. appoint b. the minutes
3. circulate c. time
4. allocate d. the agenda
5. move on e. to the next point
6. avoid f. on time
7. fi nish g. digressions
44
What do you think are the most important for someone
chairing a meeting?
6. Choose the best word to fi ll in the gap
1. Good presenters rarely ramble. They usually try to be as
... as possible.
a) inarticulate b) hesitant c) succinct
2. Her arguments were so ... that we all agreed to her pro-
posal.
a) fl uent b) extrovert c) persuasive
3. The audience were very ... and carried him through his
diffi cult presentation.
a) responsive b) eloquent c) coherent
4. She is a very ... person. She always keeps her attention
fi xed on what she wants to achieve.
a) sensitive b) focused c) fl uent
5. He never says what he thinks or shows what he feels.
How can anybody be so ...?
a) rambling b) fl uent c) reserved
6. Everybody seems so ... here. They behave and speak
freely, and do not really care what other people think.
a) incoherent b) articulate c) uninhibited
7. We know that not all politicians are ... . Some of them
even use an autocue.
a) eloquent b) inhibited c) hesitant
7. Make nouns from the following adjectives, using end-
ings from the box
-ce -cy -ity -tion -ness
1. coherent ...
2. eloquent ...
3. fl uent...
4. hesitant...
45
5. inhibited...
6. persuasive...
7. responsive...
8. sensitive...
9. succinct...
10. clear...
8. Complete each set of sentences with the same words
1. As their strategy was going nowhere, they decided to …
tack.
Contemporary society is characterised by rapid social economic ….
Without a radical … in strategy, it was clear the company
would not survive.
2. Their salaries... from $65,000 to $90,000.
The majority of their customers are in the 17-25 age ... .
They fi nally have a full ... of products with which to challenge
the market leader.
3. Next year, our company will ... for a 15 per cent improve-
ment in EBIT.
They started the organisation with the ... of serving the most
vulnerable people.
Your target is a result, such as a total or amount, which you
... to achieve.
4. It seems that quite often oil price has only a temporary
effect on consumer ... .
In the booming 1990s Marconi went on a ... spree to buy up
various telecom equipment companies.
The survey shows that many highly qualifi ed women have
non-linear careers, ...part of them in jobs with reduced hours or
responsibility.
5. Mayer is fi ghting to weaken Renco’s ... on 45 per cent of
the speciality chemicals market.
46
Owing to insuffi cient funding, the project had to be put on ... .
Our company needs a new strategy to ... down costs and
improve effi ciency.
6. They offer an excellent training course for managers who
have to ... with ethical dilemmas.
To get a fair ... you need to be fully aware of your legal rights.
They have just opened three shops that ... in high-quality
jewellery.
7. TCB Engineering’s annual ... showed a loss last year of
$2 million.
Computer software now ... for over 60 per cent of our rev-
enue.
We haven’t researched it ourselves, but Central Asia is
promising market by all ... .
8. Sales of our cosmetics will grow in line with ... demand for
feel-good products generally.
The manager blamed the company’s poor exports on the ...
pound.
Experts fear that a ... economy will once again lead to higher
infl ation.
9. Consultants predict that most companies’ growth levels
are unlikely to ... 10 per cent.
India has managed to ... a $40bn agreement to import LNG
from Iran.
With that new order we now think this year’s sales budget is
within our ... .
10. This year’s ... of growth is expected to be twice that of
last year.
According to thousands of surveys, the job satisfaction ... is
as high as 76 per cent.
Observers say Indian companies are ready to accept a
lower ... of return than western companies in order to secure a
strategic asset.
47
9. Complete the sentences from the opening of a meet-
ing with the pairs of words in the box
agenda/get through, background/useful, bathroom/
hall, brief/point, copy/agenda, housekeeping/begin, ill/
apologies, kick/off, right/start, say/words, straight/item,
take/minutes
1..., is everybody here? Good, I think we can ….
2. Unfortunately, Daniel is ... and sends his ... .
3. Just a couple of ... things before we ... .
4. The ... is down the ... on the left.
5. Do you all have a ... of the ...?
6. Can someone ... the ....?
7. Would you like to ... a few ... about yourself, Jim?
8. I’ve prepared some ... information that I hope will be ... .
9. You can see from the ... that we have a lot to ... .
10. I would ask that you keep all contributions ... and to the
... .
11. OK, let’s move ... to the fi rst ... .
12. Henk, would you like to ...?
GRAMMAR WORKSHOP
The passive: form and use
1. Passive multi-word verbs
If a phrasal verb has an object, we can usually make it passive. We never separate the parts of the verb in the passive
form:
They took the company over in 2010. The company was
taken by them over in 2010.
The company was taken over (by them) in 2010.
Academic English There are several prepositional verbs
and phrases, which are commonly used in the passive, especially in writing:
48
be aimed at be applied to be based on be
considered as be found in be known as be referred
to (as) be regarded as be related as be related to
(can) be seen as be thought of (as) be used as
The agency’s new outreach scheme is aimed at unemployed
graduates.
2. Passive -ing forms
We can use -ing forms in the passive:
Active Passive
-ing form:
I don’t like people
being+past participle:
I don’t like being bullied.
bullying me
having+past
participle:
Having signed the
deal, we went out to
having been+past participle:
The deal having been
signed, we went out to
celebrate.
celebrate.
We can use either having been+past participle or being+past
participle to refer to the past after certain verbs which are followed by an -ing form, e.g. regret, remember:
We regret not having been shown/not being shown the
Acropolis.
(We regret the fact that the tour guide didn’t show us the
Acropolis.)
3. Passive infi nitives
There are several passive infi nitive forms.
— to be+past participle (to refer to the present or future):
Children like to be praised when they do well at school.
James was hoping to be accepted on the engineering
course.
— to have been+past participle (to refer to the past):
49
Stonehenge is the greatest monument to have been built
by the ancient Britons.
This ascent is the fi rst to have been achieved without the
aid of oxygen.
— in reported speech with ask for+object:
Inspector asked for the prisoners to be held in the cells
overnight.
4. Verbs with two objects
Some active verbs have a direct and an indirect object:
They offered the customer a refund.
Either object can become a subject of the passive verb:
The customer was offered a refund. A refund was offered
to the customer.
If the object of the passive verb is the indirect object of the
active verbs it is usually introduced with a preposition, e.g. to the
customer.
5. Verbs not used in the passive
Verbs with no direct
object (intransitive
verbs)
Certain verbs followed
by (object+) to+infi nitive
verb, such as want (him
to leave), refuse (to
answer)
Certain verbs
describing states, such
as have (=own), be,
belong, lack, resemble,
pretend and seem
have+noun to describe
an action e.g. have a
shower, have lunch
The visitors were arrived
early. The visitors arrived
early.
He was wanted to leave. She
wanted to leave.
A Ferrari is had by John. John
has a Ferrari.
Lunch is being had by John.
John’s having lunch.
6. Reasons for using the passive
We often use the passive
— when the agent is not relevant, or not known:
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