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Файл:Английский язык. Учебно-методическое пособие для студентов заочной формы обучения
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sub-disciplines. Civil engineering is concerned with making bridges, roads,
airports, etc. Mechanical engineering deals with the design and manufacture of
tools and machines. Electrical engineering is about the generation and
distribution of electricity and its many applications. Electronic engineering is
concerned with developing components and equipment for communications,
computing, and so on.
Mechanical engineering includes marine, automobile, aeronautical,
heating and ventilating, and others. Electrical engineering includes electricity
generating, electrical installation, lighting, etc. Mining and medical engineering
belong partly to mechanical and partly to electrical.
Transport: Cars, trains, ships, and planes are all products of mechanical
engineering. Mechanical engineers are also involved in support services such as
roads, rail track, harbors, and bridges.
Food processing: Mechanical engineers design, develop, and make the
machines and the processing equipment for harvesting, preparing and
preserving the food and drinks that fill the supermarkets.
Medical engineering: Body scanners, X-ray machines, life-support
system, and other high-tech equipment result from mechanical and electrical
engineers combining with medical experts to convert ideas into life-saving and
preserving products.
Building services: Electrical engineers provide all the services we need in
our homes and places of work, including lighting, heating, ventilation, airconditioning, refrigeration, and lifts.
Energy and power: Electrical engineers are concerned with the production
and distribution of electricity to homes, offices, industry, hospitals, colleges and
schools, and the installation and maintenance of the equipment involved in
these processes.
51
ВАРИАНТ 1
1. Civil engineering
a. the design and construction of public works, such
as dams, bridges and other large infrastructure
projects. It is one of the oldest branches of
engineering, dating back to when people first started
living in permanent settlements and began shaping
their environments to suit their needs;
2. Mechanical
engineering
b. extraction of minerals from underneath, above or
on the ground. It is associated with many other
disciplines, such as mineral processing, exploration,
excavation, geology, and metallurgy, geotechnical
engineering and surveying;
Vocabulary
1. Check if the following sentences are true or false. Correct the false
sentences.
1. Engineering is only practical activity.
2. Electrical engineering is about developing components and equipment
for communications, computing.
3. Electrical engineers provide all the services we need in our homes and
places of work.
4. Civil engineering is concerned with design, construction and
maintenance of bridges, roads, airports, dams, etc.
5. Medical engineering belongs partly to mechanical and partly to
electronic.
6. Electronic engineering is concerned with developing components and
equipment for computing.
7. Mechanical engineers provide all the services we need in our homes
and places of work, including lighting, heating, ventilation, air-conditioning,
refrigeration, and lifts.
8. Electrical engineers are concerned with the production and distribution
of electricity to homes and the installation and maintenance of the equipment
involved in these processes.
9. Mechanical engineers design, develop, and make the machines and the
processing equipment for harvesting, preparing and preserving the food and
drinks that fill the supermarkets.
10. Cars, trains, ships, and planes aren’t all products of mechanical
engineering.
2. Match the words from the text with their definitions.
52
3. Electrical
engineering
c. an engineering discipline concerned with the
study, design and application of equipment, devices
and systems which use electricity, electronics, and
electromagnetism;
4. Electronic
engineering
d. a device used by radiographers to acquire an x-ray
image. They are used in various fields, notably
medicine and security;
5. Mining engineering
e. the transformation of agricultural products into
food, or of one form of food into other forms. It
includes many forms, from grinding grain to make
raw flour to home cooking to complex industrial
methods used to make convenience foods;
6. Medical engineering
f. an engineering branch that combines engineering
physics and mathematics principles with materials
science to design, analyze, manufacture, and
maintain mechanical systems. It is one of the oldest
and broadest of the engineering branches;
7. Food processing
g. the application of engineering principles and
design concepts to medicine and biology for
healthcare purposes (e.g. diagnostic or therapeutic);
8. Support services
h. those function of organization which does not
generate main business. They provide internal
support to the main business of organization;
9. X-ray machines
i. the combination of equipment that allows survival
in an environment or situation that would not support
that life in its absence;
10. Life-support
system
j. a form of engineering associated with electronic
circuits, devices and the equipment and systems that
use them.
3. Match each item in column A with an appropriate item from
column B and link the two in a sentence.
A B
1) marine a) air-conditioning
2) aeronautical b) roads and bridges
3) heating and ventilating c) body scanners
4) electricity generating d) cables and switchgear
5) automobile e) communications and equipment
6) civil f) ships
53
7) electronic g) planes
8) electrical installation h) cars and trucks
9) medical i) power stations
4. Fill in the gaps in the following description of the different
branches of engineering using information you have studied in this unit.
The main branches of engineering are __________, __________,
electrical and electronic. Mechanical engineering is __________ machinery of
all kinds. This branch of engineering includes marine, automobile, aeronautical,
__________ and __________. The first three are concerned with transport:
ships, __________ and __________. The last __________ with airconditioning, refrigeration, etc.
Electrical engineering deals with __________ generation to use.
Electricity generating is concerned with __________ __________.
Electrical installation deals __________ cables, switchgear, and
connecting up electrical equipment.
Two branches of engineering include both __________ and __________
engineers. These are __________ and medical engineering. The former deals
with mines and mining equipment, the latter with hospital and __________ of
all kinds.
Grammar
Articles
1. Read the sentences and look at which articles (if аnу) are used with
the nоuns in bold. Тhеn, answer the questions.
a. What are your favourite соlоurs?
b. The education l got at school didn't really prepare mе for rеаl life.
c. А child should grow up in а loving family.
d. The teachers at this school are very suрроrtivе.
e. Depression саn lead to very serious health рrоblеms.
f. А famous psychologist hаs come up with а new personality test. Тhе
psychologist thinks it will help us undеrstаnd ourselves better.
Which example shows us
1. а nоun that has bееn used for the first time and then mentioned аgаin
with а different article?
54
2. а specific plural noun?
3. а specific unсоuntablе nоun?
4. а plural noun without an аrtiсlе and used with а gеnеrаl meaning?
5. а singular countable noun with а gеnеrаl mеаning?
6. an uncountable noun used with а general mеаning?
2. Complete each gap with a, an or the.
1. I don’t like _____ shade of blue you’ve chosen to paint _____
bedroom.
2. My cousin works as _____ doctor and _____ patients really like her.
3. That was _____ amazing dish! May I have _____ recipe, please.
4. _____ Amazon River flows into _____ Atlantic Ocean.
5. We had _____ relaxing day at _____ beach yesterday.
6. Let’s go to _____ cinema in South Street; I’d like to watch _____
comedy.
7. _____ most experienced musician in that group is also _____ youngest
member.
8. Tom is _____ very good friend of mine. In fact, he’s _____ best friend
ever had!
Conditionals
3. Put the verbs in brackets into the gaps. Form a Conditional
sentence – type I.
Only use the will-future in the main clauses.
Example: If I __ (to go) to the cinema, I ________ (to watch) an
interesting film.
Answer: If I go to the cinema, I will watch an interesting film
1. If the sun (to shine), we (to walk) to the town.
2. If he (to have) a temperature, he (to see) the doctor.
3. If my friends (to come), I (to be) very happy.
4. If she (to earn) a lot of money, she (to fly) to New York.
5. If we (to travel) to London, we (to visit) the museums.
6. If you (to wear) sandals in the mountains, you (to slip) on the rocks.
7. If Rita (to forget) her homework, the teacher (to give) her a low mark.
8. If they (to go) to the disco, they (to listen) to loud music.
9. If you (to wait) a minute, I (to ask) my parents.
10. If I (to study), I (to pass) the exams.
4. Put the verbs in brackets into the gaps. Form a Conditional
sentence – type II
Example: If I __ (to go) to the cinema, I ________ (to watch) an
interesting film. Answer: If I went to the cinema, I would watch an interesting
film.
55
1. If we (to catch) the 10 o’clock train, we (to get) there on time.
2. If I (to know) how it worked, I (to tell) you what to do.
3. If John (to be) here, he (to catch) some fish for supper.
4. If the rain (to stop), it (to be) nice.
5. If I (to have) my guitar, I (to sing) you a song.
6. If I (to have) a better sleeping bag, I (not feel) so cold.
7. If I (to be) you, I (to look) out for snacks.
8. If I (not to be) so hungry, I (to share) my sandwich with you.
9. If they (to have) enough money, they (to buy) a new house.
10. If you (to do) a paper round, you (to earn) a little extra money.
5. Put the verbs in brackets into the gaps. Form a Conditional
sentence – type III.
Example: If I __ (to go) to the cinema, I ________ (to watch) an interesting
film.
Answer: If I had gone to the cinema, I would have watched an interesting
film.
1. I'd have told you the news sooner if I (to see)
____________________________you.
2. I (to help) ___________________________you if you'd told me there
was а problem.
3. I (to buy) _________________________the bigger model if I' d been
ablе to afford it.
4. I (never, to believe) ___________it was possible if I didn't seen it with
my own eyes.
5. I wouldn't have met up with Tom if I (to stay)
________________________at home.
6. If he hadn't fallen asleep while driving he (not to crash)
_________________his саr.
7. If we (to have) _______________enough money we would have gone
to the concert.
8. I wouldn't have lost my job if I (not to bе)
________________________late for work.
9. If the wind hadn't been so strong, the bridge (not to collapse)
_________________.
10. I would have phoned Sally if I (not to forget) ________________
her phone number.
Future Forms
(Future Simple / to be going to / Present Continuous)
6. Put the verbs in brackets into the appropriate form of the future.
1. I’ve decided! I _______ (to book) a trip to the Caribbean Islands for
our honeymoon.
56
2. In the nearest future, it’s likely that adventure holidays __________
(not to be) limited to remote places on Earth.
3. Oh, no! I’ve broken the vase! What _______ I ________ (to say)?
4. Now that he has moved into а bigger house he ___________(to make)
а swimming pool in his garden. He's saved fог that for months.
5. You are determined to pass the exam next time. "1 _________(to pass)
this exam, even if it kills me!"
6. You want to meet а friend for lunch. You рhоnе her and say: "What
________ you _____________(to do) оn Wednesday at оnе o'clock?"
7. I'm sorry, we can't meet tomorrow. I ______________(see) my dentist
at 5 р.m.
8. When ___________ you ____________ (to know) your exam results?
9. I don’t want to cook tonight. – All right then. I __________ (to cook).
10. Oh, look at Rebecca! She (to have) a baby next month!
Passive Voice
(Present Simple, Past Simple, Future Simple)
7. Rewrite sentences, changing them into the Passive Voice
Somebody cleans this room every day. – This room is cleaned every day.
1. Frank Robinson gave the name Coca Cola to the drink.
The name Coca Cola
__________________________________________________________
2. Sharon will meet you at the airport and take you to your apartment.
You ______________ at the airport and
__________________________________________________________
3. People eat thirty-five million hamburgers every day.
Thirty-five million hamburgers
__________________________________________________________
4. Previously women thought tobacco smelly.
Tobacco
__________________________________________________________
5. The Sheraton Hotel in Warsaw will hold a fashion show this week.
A fashion show
__________________________________________________________
6. Industrial revolution helped to develop new technologies.
New technologies
__________________________________________________________
7. Most young people like chewing gum.
Chewing gum
___________________________________________________________
8. Where did they invent gun-powder?
Where
___________________________________________________________
57
9. Someone will probably mug you if you walk in that part of the town
alone.
You ________________ if you walk in that part of the town alone.
10. How do you make this delicious meal?
How
___________________________________________________________
11. Why does he water these plants so rarely?
Why
___________________________________________________________
12. They won’t take a decision until the next meeting.
A decision
___________________________________________________________
13. Producers sell about 1.2 million gallons of Sprite every day.
1.2 million gallons of Sprite
___________________________________________________________
14. The police didn’t find the missing girl last weekend.
The missing girl
___________________________________________________________
15. They will send you any necessary medicines by post or special
delivery. (2 versions)
You _________________________________ by post or special delivery.
Any necessary medicines ________________ by post or special delivery.
ВАРИАНТ 2
Vocabulary
1. Check if the following sentences are true or false. Correct the false
sentences.
1. Civil engineering is concerned only with design, construction and
maintenance of bridges.
2. Cars, trains, ships, and planes are all products of mechanical
engineering.
3. Mechanical engineers are involved in support services such as lighting,
heating, ventilation, air-conditioning, refrigeration, and lifts.
4. Body scanners, X-ray machines, life-support system, and other high-
tech equipment result from mechanical and electrical engineers
5. Mining engineering is a part of electrical one.
6. Electrical engineering is the design, study, and manufacture of various
electrical and electronic systems, such as cars, trains, ships, and planes.
7. Installation and maintenance of the equipment we use in our houses and
places of work are connected with work of electrical engineers.
8. Medical engineering belongs partly to mechanical and partly to civil.
58
9. Mechanical engineers fill the supermarkets with the machines and the
1. Food processing
a. those function of organization which does not
generate main business. They provide internal
support to the main business of organization;
2. Electronic
engineering
b. an engineering branch that combines
engineering physics and mathematics principles
with materials science to design, analyze,
manufacture, and maintain mechanical systems. It
is one of the oldest and broadest of the
engineering branches;
3. Electrical
engineering
c. the design and construction of public works,
such as dams, bridges and other large
infrastructure projects. It is one of the oldest
branches of engineering, dating back to when
people first started living in permanent
settlements and began shaping their environments
to suit their needs;
4. Mining engineering
d. a device used by radiographers to acquire an xray image. They are used in various fields,
notably medicine and security;
5. Civil engineering
e. an engineering discipline concerned with the
study, design and application of equipment,
devices and systems which use electricity,
electronics, and electromagnetism;
6. Support services
f. the application of engineering principles and
design concepts to medicine and biology for
healthcare purposes (e.g. diagnostic or
therapeutic);
7. Life-support
system
g. the transformation of agricultural products into
food, or of one form of food into other forms. It
includes many forms, from grinding grain to
make raw flour to home cooking to complex
industrial methods used to make convenience
foods;
8. Mechanical
engineering
h. a form of engineering associated with
electronic circuits, devices and the equipment and
systems that use them;
processing equipment.
10. Body scanners, X-ray machines, life-support system, and other high-
tech equipment are life-saving and preserving products.
2. Match the words from the text with their definitions.
59
9. X-ray machines
i. extraction of minerals from underneath, above
or on the ground. It is associated with many other
disciplines, such as mineral processing,
exploration, excavation, geology, and metallurgy,
geotechnical engineering and surveying;
10. Medical
engineering
j. the combination of equipment that allows
survival in an environment or situation that would
not support that life in its absence;
3. Match each item in column A with an appropriate item from
column B and link the two in a sentence.
A B
1) marine a) X-ray machines
2) aeronautical b) spaceships
3) heating and ventilating c) central heating
4) electricity generating d) boats
5) automobile e) nuclear power plants
6) civil f) computing
7) electronic g) airports and railways
8) electrical installation h) vehicles
9) medical i) cables and switchgear
4. Fill in the gaps in the following description of the different
branches of engineering using information you have studied in
this unit.
The main branches of engineering are __________, mechanical,
__________ and electronic. Mechanical engineering is __________ machinery
of all kinds. This branch of engineering includes __________, automobile,
aeronautical, __________ and _________. The first three are concerned
with __________: ships, cars and __________. The last __________
with air-conditioning, refrigeration, etc.
Electrical engineering deals with __________ generation to use.
Electricity generating is concerned with __________ stations.
Electrical installation deals __________ cables, switchgear, and
connecting up electrical equipment.
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