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Файл:Английский язык. Учебно-методическое пособие для студентов заочной формы обучения
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КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА 2
1. issue
I. [pəˈluːʃn]
a. ухудшение
экологической
обстановки
2. greenhouse effect
II. [ˈhæzəd]
b. отравлять
3. deforestation
III. [ɪˈmɪʃn]
c. опасность
4. pollution
IV. [baɪ ˈprɒdʌkts]
d. контроль
и утилизация отходов
5. contaminate
V. [ˈkemɪklz]
e. выбросы
6. hazard
VI. [ˈɪʃuː]
f. уничтожение среды
обитания
7. acid rain
VII. [kənˈvɜːʃn]
g. химические вещества
8. waste
management
VIII. [ɪnvaɪərənˈmentl
IX. degrəˈdeɪʃn]
h. переработка
9. emission
X. [dɪˈfɒrɪsˈteɪʃn]
i. вредный
10. by-products
XI. [dɪsˈtrʌkʃn ɒv hæbɪtæt]
j. проблема
11. chemicals
XII. [ˈhɑːmf(ə)l]
k. парниковый эффект
12. conversion
XIII. [kənˈtæmɪneɪt]
l. побочный продукт
13. environmental
degradation
XIV. [ˈgriːnhaʊs ɪˈfekt]
m. кислотный дождь
14. destruction of
habitat
XV. [weɪst ˈmænɪʤmənt]
n. загрязнение
15. harmful
XVI. [ˈæsɪd reɪn]
o. вырубка леса
UNIT 2
GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES
Match each word with its transcriptions and equivalents.
There are several environmental issues plaguing planet Earth and most of
them come about as a result of various man-made activities. Alarming climatic
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changes, deforestation, destruction of habitat, as well as rising pollution
levels are only some of the current environmental problems. Let us get an
insight into some of these problems.
Global warming is one of the major issues of today. The term signifies an
increase in the atmospheric temperature near the Earth’s surface. The
greenhouse effect causes the Earth’s heat to be trapped in the atmosphere,
which results in increase in temperatures. Global warming has thus caused a
change in the climate of the Earth, causing temperatures to rise.
Pollution is something that we face on an everyday basis. Air pollution
occurs with the addition of harmful chemicals into the atmosphere. The main
pollutants of air are carbon monoxide, CFCs (Chlorofluorocarbons), nitrogen
oxides and sulfur dioxide. Water pollution is caused when wastes are released
into the water. Soil pollution takes place when the soil is contaminated due to
various industrial activities.
With the alarming rate of increase in population, the loss of natural
resources has become one of the major concerns. Issues such as deforestation,
animal extinction, shortage of water, lack of space and food are only some of
the concerns brought on by the lack of resources. Population explosion,
disregard for nature, human greed lead to the loss of natural resources. This, in
turn, affects the varied ecosystems. Overfishing and hunting have even led many
species to the brink of extinction. Forests are being cleared to meet the rising
demands for paper, wood and land. Mining and burning of fossil fuels have led
to further depletion of resources.
The activities related to energy production lead to different hazards.
Extraction of raw material for production, transportation, and the conversion to
usable forms of resources have a harmful effect. Along with that, it has also led
to concerns like acid rain, the greenhouse effect as well as global warming.
Industrial, nuclear, chemical and domestic wastes can lead to
environmental degradation. Not only are these wastes harmful on their own,
but the ways of waste management and disposal are troublesome. Emissions
from industries as well as toxic by-products like mercury, crude oil, plastic and
lead are not properly disposed of. They are dumped into the oceans and soil,
thus leading to disastrous impacts on all life forms.
In recent years, the international community has stressed the importance
of fighting climate change. Today, such issues as global warming, climate
change and reducing harmful chemicals in the atmosphere are at the center of
environmental politics. With an effort from each individual, we can only hope
to save our planet from being completely destroyed in the near future.
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ВАРИАНТ 1
1. environmental
a. relating to the air or to the atmosphere
2. man-made
b. a substance that pollutes water, air, etc
3. atmospheric
c. something that a country, person, or organization has that
they can use
4. increase
d. an increase in the temperature of the air around the world
because of pollution
5. pollutant
e. things that are not wanted, especially what remains after
you have used something
6. global
warming
f. relating to the environment
7. resources
g. to damage something so badly that it does not exist or
cannot be used
8. wastes
h. the effect that a person, event, or situation has on
someone or something
9. impact
i. not natural, but made by people
10. destroyed
j. to get bigger or to make something bigger in size or
amount
Vocabulary
1. Match the words from the text with their definitions.
2. Check if the following sentences are true or false. If a sentence is
false correct it.
1. Environmental problems are caused by natural forces.
2. Nowadays people face a number of environmental issues.
3. Climatic changes are among major problems.
4. The greenhouse effect leads to a decrease of atmospheric temperature.
5. Various industrial activities contaminate the soil.
6. The energy production results in dangerous effects on nature.
7. Different sorts of waste do not influence on the environment.
8. Currently waste management is on a high level.
9. By-products of industrial processes are harmless.
10. Environmental issues are very important in international politics.
3. Find the words and expressions in the text which have an opposite
meaning.
1. natural
2. cleanness
3. to fall
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4. harmless
5. decrease
6. environmental improvement
7. regard
8. excess
9. restoration
10. soothing
4. Find which words in the text are used with the following words.
With some words different variants are possible.
1. issues
2. surface
3. explosion
4. acid
5. properly
6. management
7. raw materials
8. concern
9. harmful
10. depletion
1. Put the words in the correct order.
1. have/lot/we/a/friends/of.
2. you/computer/playing/do/games/like?
3. often/to/Sundays/on/he/goes/the/park.
4. live/Great/in/not/Britain/do/I.
5. dinner/has/my/always/family/together.
6. early/get up/in/they/morning/the.
7. nine/he/after/o’clock/to/bed/goes
8. do/work/do/what/you/at?
9. she/out/usually/eat/not/does.
10. cinema/go/twice/we/a/to/week/the.
2. Translate these sentences into English.
1. Они сейчас украшают комнату.
2. Анна не плавает сейчас. Она играет в волейбол со своими
друзьями.
3. Мой брат ищет какую-то информацию для своего проекта.
4. Вы моете руки? – Да.
GRAMMAR
Present Simple and Continuous
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5. На улице идет дождь.
6. Пожалуйста, не шумите. Я работаю.
7. Ты идешь в университет? – Нет. Я иду в библиотеку.
8. Том сейчас очень занят. Он строит гараж.
9. Что ты ищешь? – Ключи от моей машины.
10. Мы делаем упражнение 97 на странице 163.
3. Put the verbs in brackets in the right form. Mind the type of
sentences.
1. They ___________ the dinner at the moment. (cook)
2. He ______________ his parents every weekend. (visit)
3. My friend _______ TV at all. (not watch)
4. She _____________ very hard now. (work)
5. What ______ you ________ now? (read)
6. They __________ this bus every morning. (take)
7. I ___________ to Canada twice a year. (fly)
8. ____your colleague __________ a new client currently? (meet)
9. My husband usually _____________ homework with our daughter in
the evenings. (do)
10. _____ you ____________ football on weekends? (play)
4. Choose the right form of the verb.
1. I watch/am watching this TV show every Thursday.
2. My colleague is writing / writes a report at the moment.
3. Currently the situation at stock exchanges is changing / changes very fast.
4. They have / are having lunch at this café sometimes.
5. We visit / are visiting our grandparents this weekend.
6. My sister constantly complains / is complaining about her job.
7. I visit / am visiting him every second month.
8. Are you working/ Do you work flexible hours?
9. They usually spend / are spending evenings walking in the park.
10. They don’t move / aren’t moving to a new office these days.
Present Perfect and Past Simple
5. Complete the dialog using the Present Perfect or the Past Simple.
Mark: When _____ you _______ (move) here?
Alice: My family and I ________ (move) from London to Cardiff last
summer, so we ___________ (live) in Cardiff for seven months now.
Mark: ______ you _________ (make) friends already?
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Alice: No, I _____________ (not have) any friends here yet. My best
friend Megan lives in London. We _________ (meet) at primary school.
Unfortunately, I ___________ (not see) her since last summer.
6. Choose the correct form of the verb.
1. Did you remember/Have you remembered what was for the homework?
2. Mr. Brown has changed / changed his job last year.
3. I had / ‘ve had a cat for two years. Its name is Willis.
4. Our neighbor was / has been in hospital since Friday.
5. She stopped/has stopped smoking two months ago.
6. They have lived/lived there for ages.
7. Have you travelled / Did you travel abroad many times?
8. Lucy has left/left school in 1999.
9. The dog went / has gone to sleep an hour ago.
10. I never watched / have never watched this film.
7. Find the mistake in each sentence and correct it.
1. My mother has grown up in Scotland.
2. Kate has visited Australia last summer.
3. I have worked there from 1998 to 1999.
4. John has read four books about cooking.
5. What have you done yesterday?
6. Susie has seen a good film last night.
7. How long did you know him?
8. When I was 6 years old, I have got a bicycle for Christmas.
9. How long ago has Emma taken up golf?
10. Matt has been to Liverpool last summer.
уснул.
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8. Translate the sentences into English.
1. Ты когда-либо праздновал Новый Год так?
2. Олег не убрал в комнате на прошлой неделе.
3. Вы в Лондоне находитесь уже неделю.
4. Вы уже сдали все экзамены?
5. Они никогда не встречались раньше.
6. Я только что приготовил кофе.
7. Он был таким голодным, что съел все, что было в холодильнике, и
8. Где ты был? Я уже закончила обедать.
9. Он сломал ногу в прошлом году.
10. Она была в школе неделю назад.
ВАРИАНТ 2
1. industrial
a. a situation in which a type of animal no longer exists
2. disposal
b. damage caused to water, air, etc. by harmful substances or
waste
3. extinction
c. a fuel such as coal or oil that is obtained from under the
ground
4. ecosystem
d. reduction of the amount of something, especially a natural
supply
5. pollution
e. things that are not wanted, especially what remains after
you have used something
6. depletion
f. connected with industry
7. fossil fuels
g. a feeling of worry about something, or the thing that is
worrying you
8. wastes
h. the hard material that trees are made of
9. wood
i. the job or activity of getting rid of something, especially by
throwing it away
10. concern
j. all the living things in an area and the way they affect each
other and the environment
Vocabulary
1. Match the words from the text with their definitions.
1. Check if the following sentences are true or false. If a sentence is
false correct it.
1. There are only a few environmental problems nowadays.
2. Environmental problems are caused by human activities.
3. Deforestation is among major problems.
4. The greenhouse effect leads to a decrease of atmospheric temperature.
5. Different kinds of pollution occur very seldom.
6. Increase of population leads to the loss of natural resources.
7. Different sorts of waste influence on the environment.
8. Currently waste management is on a high level.
9. By-products of industrial processes are harmless.
10. Emissions are dumped into the oceans and soil.
2. Find the words and word combinations in the text which have an
opposite meaning.
1. stability
2. minor
3. decrease
4. abundance
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5. environmental improvement
6. regard
7. to clean
8. restoration
9. falling
10. soothing
3. Find which words in the text are used with the following words.
With some words different variants are possible.
1. habitat
2. signify
3. explosion
4. pollution
5. properly
6. management
7. fighting
8. concern
9. conversion
10. depletion
GRAMMAR
Present Simple and Continuous
1. Put the words in the correct order.
1. that/Emily/work/building/not/does/in.
2. often/parents/they/visit/their.
3. sister/at/usually/work/the/does/your/weekends?
4. home/same/I/time/get/the/always/at.
5. coffee/James/a/of/drink/not/does/lot.
6. ice cream/like/I.
7. dinner/Olivia/every/makes/Sunday.
8. cards/friends/granny/Fridays/on/plays/my/always/her/with.
9. time/free/do/in/what/do/you/your?
10. eat/bread/we/every/do/day/not.
2. Translate these sentences into English.
1. Он ждет меня?
2. Вы слушаете меня? – Да, я слушаю вас внимательно.
3. Сейчас я отдыхаю в саду.
4. Они сейчас не красят крышу дома. Они ремонтируют ворота.
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5. Моя сестра читает интересную книгу о жизни во Франции в 17
веке.
6. Почему ты смеешься надо мной?
7. Он покупает конфеты для внуков.
8. Нина и Энн моют пол.
9. Папа пьет кофе или еще спит?
10. Он не пишет диктант сегодня, он болеет.
3. Put the verbs in brackets in the right form. Mind the type of
sentences.
1. _____ you ___________ this book now? (read)
2. I never ____________ to the radio in the car. (listen)
3. My friend always ______ TV when he ______ free time. (watch, have)
4. These days we _____________ on a project together. (work)
5. _____ they __________ in the mornings on weekends? (run)
6. I ___________ to Japan rarely. (fly)
7. When my sister comes home, she _______ her emails. (check)
8. I ____________ a report on Wednesday mornings. (not write)
9. _______ you ________ dishes at the moment? (wash)
10. Why _______ he __________ so quietly? – His mother _______.
(speak, sleep)
4. Choose the right form of the verb.
1. Mike is meeting / meets with a customer now.
2. My children love/ are loving playing this board game.
3. Currently the demand for ice cream is growing / grows rapidly.
4. I must go. Olga is waiting / waits for me in the hall.
5. We visit / are visiting this museum three times a year.
6. My sister dances/is dancing tango in the club near our house.
7. Our new neighbor often plays / is playing the piano in the evening.
8. I usually work/am working part-time.
9. Do they do/ Are they doing yoga in this park every Saturday?
10. They aren’t writing / don’t write an essay at the moment.
Present Perfect and Past Simple
5. Complete the dialog using the Present Perfect or the Past Simple.
Ann: _____ you ever _____ (be) to Paris?
Jeffrey: No, I ______ (not be) there. Also, I _______ (never go) to
London. We _______ (want) to go to Paris last month. There _______ (appear)
some troubles with it.
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Ann: I’m sorry to hear that. Where else _____ you_____ (be)?
Jeffrey: I ______ (visit) Tokyo last summer with my mom.
6. Choose the correct form of the verb.
1. I have already seen / already saw 'Shrek'.
2. There are footprints everywhere! Someone came / has come here!
3. I didn’t push/haven’t pushed a car yesterday!
4. I’m really hungry. I haven’t eaten / didn’t eat yet.
5. He has lent/lent some money to a friend last week.
6. Have you ever seen/Did you ever see the Eiffel Tower?
7. We have worked / worked here for three years.
8. We 've stayed / stayed at our grandparents for three days. We arrived
home yesterday.
9. It is an interesting book, I have read / read it.
10. They haven’t bought/didn’t buy tomatoes in supermarket last week.
летом.
7. Find the mistake in each sentence and correct it.
1. How many plays has Shakespeare written?
2. I have seen a football match last week.
3. I worked here since 2000.
4. Where have you been born?
5. I have taken music classes when I was a child.
6. I've been ill since two days.
7. We finished our homework just.
8. Did you ever taste black quinoa?
9. Maria knew Joseph for five years.
10. He didn’t learn the irregular past participles yet.
8. Translate the sentences into English.
1. Ты когда-нибудь играл на гитаре?
2. Мы покрасили стены вчера.
3. 2 января мы ездили за город.
4. Он в больнице уже две недели.
5. Марк только что сказал: «Спасибо».
6. Мама не приготовила ужин вчера вечером.
7. Я уже целую вечность не видела своих друзей!
8. Генри отправил письмо своим родителям на прошлой неделе.
9. Как долго ты работаешь в этом магазине?
10. Я никогда не спал в палатке, но я спал на скамейке прошлым
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