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Файл:Английский язык. Грамматика со звёздами = English Grammar with the Stars. Пособие для подготовки к централизованному тестированию и устному экзамену
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3. Before delivering the goods, the firm demanded … of 50 %.
4. After getting his university degree he will take an exam to become
a … .
5. I’ll keep the letter as a … .
6. People fall for superstitions and … due to lack of critical thinking
skills.
7. Some twentieth-century artists called themselves … .
8. Jack made a … with his academic advisor but had to wait nevertheless.
9. In the late twentieth century, … rejected the leading artistic styles
of the era.
10. There is a belief that everything that happens has been planned
by some mythical power. The idea is called … .
1.75. Make new nouns from the following nouns by adding SUPER-, CO- to the beginning. Put each noun in its correct place in the
sentences below.
AUTHOR, EXISTENCE, BUG, ABUNDANCE, WORKER, GLUE,
MARKET, MODEL, HERO, NOVA
1. A … is a powerful virus highly resistant to antibiotics.
2. To succeed he had to rely on his … support and understanding.
3. A … is a star that becomes extremely bright due to an explosion.
4. I had to buy some … to fix my torn shoes but even that didn’t
help.
5. You know, not every cover girl can become a … . Or must.
6. At an art auction there was … of the artist’s works which was
strange as the painter was not famous for his productivity.
7. A good … guarantees half of success.
8. A person who has done something really great deserves to be
called a … .
9. Today huge … are built everywhere which makes shopping convenient.
10. The conference was aimed at promoting peaceful … among all
the countries of the region.
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1.76. Complete the text using the correct form of the words.
AN UNEXPECTED TRIP
When I was about fourteen, I had a unique chance to go to Western
China looking for rare plants in an extraordinary area known for its rich
(1) soil. My Dad is a botanist by profession so I tried to conceal my (2)
interest in plants and faked (3) joy. It was a (4) profit international expedition headed by Professor Beall and my Dad was going as (5) head. Of
course I wasn’t supposed to be a member of any (6) group each of which
had various tasks as I was only a teenager. But one of the scientists broke
his leg and had to drop put so my Dad suggested taking me instead. At
first Professor Beall even didn’t try to hide his (7) like saying that I would
be a nuisance. But I managed to become part of the team and also realized my lifelong ambition to take a photo of a family of wild pandas in
tropical (8) darkness. Besides, I did find some valuable specimens and
overcame the professor’s (9) respect and (10) trust. He even thanked me
in the end!
1.77. Complete the text using the correct form of the words.
NO SMOKING
POPULAR, EFFICIENT, ADEQUATE, PLEASURE, SMOKE
As the previous ban on smoking demonstrated its (1) … the government has devised a new quest for (2) … . The measures are quite strict
and are sure to face a certain degree of (3) … . On the one hand many
people derive enjoyment from smoking so they will look at the governmental campaign with (4) … . On the other hand smoking is an anti-social habit and since advertising also displayed its (5) … , the government
has made this addiction illegal in most public places.
COMMITTEE, EXIST, ABLE, POSSIBLE, SMOKE
Besides, peaceful (6) … of smokers and (7) … is nowhere in sight.
Why should the latter suffer from the harmful habit of the former? The
so-called “passive smoking” has been proved to be quite dangerous. So
for many people these new measures will come as a breath of fresh air.
Yet some tobacco addicts admit their (8) … to quit. It means that medicine and psychology should say their word too. Governmental (9) …
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must be created, each with their own tasks and duties. With hard work
and commitment this new campaign will change from (10) … to reality.
1.78. Complete the text using the correct form of the words.
AN ANGRY CUSTOMER
STANDARD, ADVANTAGE, SATISFACTION, REGULARITY, OBEDIENCE
Dear Sir/Madame,
Last week I received from you a pair of designer jeans costing $ 59.99.
I’m returning the jeans to you and I’d like to express my (1) … with the
product. Firstly your advertisement claims the jeans are of high quality
but the quality, in fact, is (2) … . The zip closed with alarming (3) … and
finally broke. With the side seams tearing every time I had to bend down,
I felt at an enormous (4) … . Secondly the waist button behaved with
amazing (5) … and eventually refused to lock completely.
FUND, HONESTY, EFFICIENCY, CHARGE, RESPONSIBILITY
In addition, I had to pay $ 59.99, which is more than the price quoted in your ad. What is the reason for the (6) … ? I think I’m entitled to a
(7) … and an apology from the member of your staff who displayed such
(8) … . I hope your answer promptly. Otherwise I will have to accuse your
company of (9)… and (10)… as well. Yours faithfully.
1.79. Complete the text using the correct form of the words.
AN UNPLEASANT ACCIDENT
COMFORT, HONESTY, REGARD, CHARGE, CALCULATION
Mr and Mrs Swan were enjoying their after-dinner coffee when the
waiter brought their bill. Hardly had Mr. Swan read it when he grew red
and accused the waiter of (1) … . He was sure he had spotted some (2) … .
Mr. Swan was shouting so loudly that his wife felt some (3) … and tried to
point out his (4) … for the feelings of others. But her husband demanded
to see the manager whom he accused of (5) … . Only when he reread the
bill he found out it was the wrong one. Now it was his time to apologize
and make amends.
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1.80. Read the biography of a famous chess prodigy and fi ll in
the correct form of the words in brackets.
THE YOUNGEST CHESS QUEEN EVER
Hou Yifan is a 17-year old Chinese chess
prodigy. She is the reigning Women’s World
Chess Champion, the youngest ever to win the
title, as well as the youngest ever female (1) …
(play) to qualify for the title of Grandmaster.
She has a vast (2) … (collect) of other titles and
trophies, like the youngest ever Chinese National Champion. In January 2011 Hou Yifan
was recognized as the Best (3) … (Sport) of the
year in China involved in non- Olympic sports.
The girl started playing chess regularly at
the age of six, but was already mesmerized by the game when she was
just three.
Her father used to take his small daughter to a nearby book-store
and couldn’t but notice her (4) … (fascinate) with glass chess pieces on
display there. The child would stare at them for hours so the father had
no (5) … (choose) but buy Hou Yifan her first chess set. The girl took to
the game like duck to water though the (6) … (active) was completely
new to her. In a few weeks she was able to beat both her father and grandmother.
At the age of five the young prodigy started having regular lessons
with a tutor who was impressed by the girl’s (7) … (confident), distinguished (8) … (memorize), calculating (9) … (able) and fast (10) … (re-
act).
In 2003 the ten-year-old Hou played against the chief coach of the
Chinese national chess team. The chess master was amazed when the
girl could identify all of his weak moves. It was a (11) … (prove) of her
exceptional genius. The young prodigy received an (12) … (invite) to join
the national team and got the (13) … (recognize) she deserved. She won a
lot of major tournaments including the national (14) … (champion). The
girl was admitted to the National Chess Centre with leading Chinese
grandmasters as her (15) … (train).
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The Chinese Chess Federation officials decided that their youngest
star deserved all the possible (16) … (assist). Hou’s family was helped
with the move to Beijing where their daughter had more opportunities.
Hou’s mother had to abandon her job and assume the role of a traveling
(17) … (company) for her prodigy daughter.
Chess is Hou’s world but does it mean she has no other interests?
Of course she does. She has friends and loves going out like any (18) …
(age). She is a home schooler and reads a lot of extracurricular books.
The girl would also like to become a University student one day but
hasn’t decided on her major yet. The young champion is distinguished
by her (19) … (modest) and lack of (20) … (pretend). She views every new
tournament as a new challenge and is looking forward to it.
ACHIEVEMENT TEST ON NOUNS
Part A. Choose the right variant.
1. My … favorite … “House, M.D.”
A. family’s, TV series’ are
B. family, TV series are
C. family’s, TV series is
D. families’, TV series is
2. Some … think if they don’t eat … they will lose weight.
A. people, loaf
B. persons, bread
C. people, loaves
D. people, bread
3. … become a popular … lately.
A. economy has, university course
B. economics have, university’s course
C. economics have, university course
D. economics has, university course
4. Recent … a sharp decline in … .
A. government’s statistics show, crimes
B. government statistics shows, crime
C. government statistics show, crime
D. government statistics shows, crimes
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5. The latest news of the … … very disturbing.
A. earthquake’s survivors, is
B. earthquake survivors, are
C. earthquakes’ survivors, is
D. earthquake survivors, is
6. … an illness caused by too … in the blood.
A. Diabetes are, much sugar
B. Diabetes is, many sugars
C. Diabetes is, much sugar
D. Diabeteses are, much sugar
7. Both my … work in a huge hospital on the …of the city.
A. sisters-in-law, outskirt
B. sister-in-laws, outskirts
C. sisters-in-laws, outskirt
D. sisters-in-law, outskirts
8. If they had been … I wouldn’t have gone to the exhibition.
A. anyone’s else paintings
B. anyone else’s paintings
C. paintings of anyone else
D. anyone’s else’s paintings
9. At the supermarket I found out I had brought … .
A. the shopping list of last week
B. the last week’s shopping list
C. last week’s shopping list
D. the last week’s shopping lists
10. I think she is … .
A. the girl on the right’s cousin
B. the girl’s on the right cousin
C. the girl’s on the right’s cousin
D. the cousin of the girl on the right
11. Recent event prove the saying that … a long time in politics.
A. 24 hours are
B. 24-hours are
C. 24 hour is
D. 24 hours is
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12. Corn circles are one of the strangest … of recent … .
A. phenomenon, times
B. phenomenons, time
C. phenomena, time
D. phenomenas, time
13. Parliament consists of 653 …, about … of whom … to the Gov-
ernment.
A. MP’s, two-thirds, belong
B. MPs, two-third, belong
C. MP’s, two thirds, belong
D. MPs, two-thirds, belong
14. The apartment is in a great location, only … from the shops.
A. a five-minutes walk
B. a five-minute walk
C. a five minutes’ walk
D. five-minutes’ walk
15. This term the class will be reading … .
A. the short stories’ collection of Roald Dahl’s
B. the short stories collection by Roald Dahl’s
C. Roald Dahl’s short stories collection
D. Roald Dahl’s short stories’ collection
Part B. Choose the right variant
HOW THE ENGLISH DRESS
The English have a difficult and, generally speaking, dysfunctional
relationship with (16) clothes / dress. Their main problem is that they
have a desperate need for (17) instructions / rules, and are unable to cope
without them. This helps to explain why they have an international (18)
character / reputation for dressing in general very badly, but with specific
areas of excellence, such as high-class (19) men’s / man’s suits, ceremonial costume, and innovative street (20) vogue / fashion. In other words,
we English dress best when we are “in uniform”. You may be surprised
that I am including innovative street fashion in the (21) sort / category
of uniform.
Surely the parrot-haired punks or the Victorian vampire Goths are
being original, not following (22) rules / regulations? It’s true that they
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all look different and eccentric, but in fact they all look eccentric in exactly the same way. They are wearing a uniform. The only truly eccentric
(23) wearer / dresser in this country is the Queen, who pays no atten-
tion to (24) fashion / style and continues to wear what she likes, a kind
of 1950s fashion, with no regard for anyone else’s (25) mind / opinion.
That’s very eccentric indeed!
Part C. Read the text below and decide which answer – A, B, C
or D – best fi ts each space.
THE LIFE OF A COUNTRY VET
Don Strange, who works as a vet in northern England, leads a busy
life. As well as having to treat pets which are unwell, he often visits (26)
… where problems of various kinds await him. He has lost (27) … of the
number of times he has been called out at midnight to give (28) … to a
farmer with sick sheep or cows. Recently, a television company chose
Don as the (29) … of a documentary programme it was making about the
life of a country vet. The programme showed the difficult situations Don
faces every day, such as helping a cow to give birth, or winning the (30) …
of an aggressive dog which needs an injection. Not all of Don’s patients
are domestic animals, however and in the programme, people saw him
helping an owl which had a damaged wing. It also showed Don holding
a (31) … with villagers concerned about the (32) … a new road might
do to their local environment. (33) … loved the documentary and, overnight, Don became a household (34) … known to millions of people. He
continues to receive huge numbers of letters which make a real (35) …
on him, especially those from teenagers who have made the important
decision to become vets themselves.
ABCD
26 cottages estates farms fields
27 memory count score patience
28 suggestion warning advice recommendation
29 feature subject case character
30 confidence love trust belief
31 conference meeting talks presentation
32 offence injury problem damage
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33 onlookers watchers viewers spectators
34 word name fame star
35 effect impression emotion influence
Part D. Complete the text using the correct form of the words
DO WE SEE OURSELVES AS WE REALLY ARE?
he English are cold and reserved, (36) Brazil are lively and fun-loving, and the (37) Japan are shy and hardworking – these are examples
of national stereotypes which are widely believed, not only by other (38)
nation but also by many people among the nationality themselves. But
how much truth is there in such stereotypes?
A team of (39) psychology have investigated the subject and the results of their research are surprising. They found that people from a particular country do share some general features, but that these features
are often very different from the stereotype.
In the largest survey of its kind, the team used tests to establish
shared (40) character among forty-nine different nationalities around
the world. They then interviewed thousands of people from the groups
and asked them to describe typical members of their own nationality. In
most cases the stereotype was very different from the results of the tests,
i.e. the reality.
Part E. Complete the text using the correct form of the words.
THE RISK OF NEW TECHNOLOGY
ANXIOUS, ENTERTAIN, INTRODUCE, PRODUCE, IMPRESS
Sometimes a new invention, or the (41) … of a new piece of technology fails to make the (42)… on our lives that people thought it would.
Home (43) … is one area where there is a constant stream of new (44) …,
only a few of which will become universally successful and a part of our everyday lives. This is a cause of great (45) … to designers and manufacturers.
DEVELOP, RECEIVE, SATISFY, SELL, MAINTAIN
They invest large sums of money in the research and (46) … of new
technologies. For example, in the period immediately after digital television systems first went on (47) … relatively few people bought them.
Many people expressed (48) … with their existing television (49) …, but
it was also because the new systems were so expensive and hard in (50) … .
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PART TWO PRONOUNS
ORIENTATION: USAIN BOLT
2.1. Read the biography of a star athlete. Choose the correct
pronoun.
A HUMAN LIGHTNING BOLT
At the age of 25 Usain Bolt is definitely (1)
nobody’s / everybody’s / somebody’s hero. He is
at the top of his sport and a very special person.
(2) This / that / its Jamaican sprinter is a five-
time world and three-time Olympic gold medalist, (3) which / what / that is one of the greatest
achievements in athletics history.
The athlete comes from a small Jamaican
town. (4) Neither / Either / Nor his parents (5)
neither / or / nor his siblings were into sports,
yet young Usain used to spend all his spare time
playing football and cricket in the streets. Later he would say that when
he was young he didn’t really think about (6) something / nothing / any-
thing other than sports.
When a school student Bolt displayed his extraordinary sprinting potential and won (7) each / every / all possible race. He was lucky
enough to attend a school with a history of success in athletics. The
school coaches worked with the future star encouraging him to focus his
energy on improving his athletics abilities.
Yet at the time the youngster didn’t take athletics or (8) him / it /
himself very seriously. He displayed (9) some / no / any lack of dedication
and love for practical jokes (10) which / whose / what he played both on
his classmates and his coach.
The situation started to change in 2002 when Bolt won his first gold
medal and proved his credentials on the world stage. Winning a 200 meter gold medal at the World Junior Championship made (11) him / his /
it the competition’s youngest ever gold medalist. The Championship
was held in Jamaica and the expectations of the home crowd made the
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