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Файл:Английский язык. Биология. Учебное пособие для СПО
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СРЕДНЕЕ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОЕ ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ
_________________________________________________________________
Федеральное государственное бюджетное
образовательное учреждение высшего образования
«Оренбургский государственный университет»
А. Ю. Богомолова, О. В. Кабанова
АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК. БИОЛОГИЯ
Учебное пособие
Профобразование
Саратов 2020
УДК 811.111:57(075.8)
ББК 81.432.1я73 +28я73
Б74
Рецензент:
Мороз В. В. — д-р пед. наук, доцент
Богомолова, А. Ю.
Б74
Английский язык. Биология : учебное пособие для СПО / А. Ю. Богомолова,
О. В. Кабанова ; Оренбургский государственный университет. — Эл. изд. — Саратов :
Профобразование, 2020. — 129 с. — (Среднее профессиональное образование)
ISBN 978-5-4488-0531-8
В учебном пособии представлена подборка аутентичных текстов по теме «Биология» и система упражнений к ним. Все упражнения рассчитаны на развитие речевых
навыков и умений, а также способствуют достижению основных целей обучения иностранному языку.
Учебное пособие предназначено для изучения дисциплины «Английский язык» по
укрупненным группам профессий и специальностей среднего профессионального
образования 20.00.00 «Техносферная безопасность и природообустройство», 35.00.00
«Сельское, лесное и рыбное хозяйство».
Учебное электронное издание
Для создания электронного издания использовано:
Приложение pdf2swf из ПО Swftools, ПО IPRbooks Reader,
разработанное на основе Adobe Air
ISBN 978-5-4488-0531-8
УДК 811.111:57(075.8)
ББК 81.432.1я73 +28я73
© Богомолова А.Ю., Кабанова О.В., 2017
© ОГУ, 2017
© Оформление. ООО «Профобразование», 2020
Содержание
Введение ....................................................................................................................... 9
1 Lesson 1. Biosphere (Биосфера) ........................................................................ 11
1.1 Exercise 1 ............................................................................................................. 11
1.2 Exercise 2 ............................................................................................................. 11
1.3 Exercise 3 ............................................................................................................. 12
1.4 Exercise 4 ............................................................................................................. 12
1.5 Exercise 5 ............................................................................................................ 12
1.6 Exercise 6 ............................................................................................................ 13
1.7 Exercise 7 ............................................................................................................. 14
1.8 Exercise 8 ............................................................................................................. 14
1.9 Exercise 9 ............................................................................................................. 14
1.10 Exercise 10 ......................................................................................................... 16
1.11 Exercise 11 ......................................................................................................... 17
1.12 Exercise 12 ......................................................................................................... 17
1.13 Exercise 13 ......................................................................................................... 17
1.14 Exercise 14 ......................................................................................................... 17
1.15 Exercise 15 ......................................................................................................... 17
1.16 Exercise 16 ......................................................................................................... 18
1.17 Exercise 17 ......................................................................................................... 20
2 Lesson 2. The biotic factors of environment (Биотические факторы среды) ....... 20
2.1 Exercise 1 .............................................................................................................. 20
2.2 Exercise 2 .............................................................................................................. 21
2.3 Exercise 3 .............................................................................................................. 21
2.4 Exercise 4 .............................................................................................................. 21
2.5 Exercise 5 .............................................................................................................. 22
2.6 Exercise 6 .............................................................................................................. 22
2.7 Exercise 7 .............................................................................................................. 23
2.8 Exercise 8 .............................................................................................................. 24
2.9 Exercise 9 .............................................................................................................. 24
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2.10 Exercise 10 .......................................................................................................... 24
2.11 Exercise 11 .......................................................................................................... 26
2.12 Exercise 12 .......................................................................................................... 26
2.13 Exercise 13 .......................................................................................................... 26
2.14 Exercise 14 .......................................................................................................... 26
2.15 Exercise 15 .......................................................................................................... 27
2.16 Exercise 16 .......................................................................................................... 27
2.17 Exercise 17 .......................................................................................................... 29
3 Lesson 3. Soil erosion (Эрозия почвы) ................................................................... 29
3.1 Exercise 1 .............................................................................................................. 29
3.2 Exercise 2 .............................................................................................................. 30
3.3 Exercise 3 .............................................................................................................. 30
3.4 Exercise 4 .............................................................................................................. 31
3.5 Exercise 5 .............................................................................................................. 31
3.6 Exercise 6 .............................................................................................................. 31
3.7 Exercise 7 .............................................................................................................. 32
3.8 Exercise 8 .............................................................................................................. 33
3.9 Exercise 9 .............................................................................................................. 33
3.10 Exercise 10 .......................................................................................................... 33
3.11 Exercise 11 .......................................................................................................... 33
3.12 Exercise 12 .......................................................................................................... 35
3.13 Exercise 13 .......................................................................................................... 36
3.14 Exercise 14 .......................................................................................................... 36
3.15 Exercise 15 .......................................................................................................... 37
3.16 Exercise 16 .......................................................................................................... 37
3.17 Exercise 17 .......................................................................................................... 39
4 Lesson 4. Conservation and rational use of forest resources (Сохранение и
рациональное использование лесных ресурсов) .................................................... 39
4.1 Exercise 1 .............................................................................................................. 39
4.2 Exercise 2 .............................................................................................................. 40
4
4.3 Exercise 3 .............................................................................................................. 40
4.4 Exercise 4 .............................................................................................................. 40
4.5 Exercise 5 .............................................................................................................. 41
4.6 Exercise 6 .............................................................................................................. 42
4.7 Exercise 7 .............................................................................................................. 42
4.8 Exercise 8 .............................................................................................................. 43
4.9 Exercise 9 .............................................................................................................. 43
4.10 Exercise 10 .......................................................................................................... 44
4.11 Exercise 11 .......................................................................................................... 46
4.12 Exercise 12 .......................................................................................................... 46
4.13 Exercise 13 .......................................................................................................... 46
4.14 Exercise 14 .......................................................................................................... 46
4.15 Exercise 15 .......................................................................................................... 46
4.16 Exercise 16 .......................................................................................................... 47
4.17 Exercise 17 .......................................................................................................... 48
4.18 Exercise 18 .......................................................................................................... 48
4.19 Exercise 19 .......................................................................................................... 49
5 Lesson 5. Conservation of the animal kingdom (Сохранение животного мира) .. 49
5.1 Exercise 1 ............................................................................................................ 49
5.2 Exercise 2 ............................................................................................................ 50
5.3 Exercise 3 ............................................................................................................ 50
5.4 Exercise 4 ............................................................................................................ 51
5.5 Exercise 5 ............................................................................................................ 51
5.6 Exercise 6 ............................................................................................................ 52
5.7 Exercise 7 ............................................................................................................ 52
5.8 Exercise 8 ............................................................................................................ 53
5.9 Exercise 9 ............................................................................................................ 53
5.10 Exercise 10 .......................................................................................................... 54
5.11 Exercise 11 .......................................................................................................... 56
5.12 Exercise 12 .......................................................................................................... 57
5
5.13 Exercise 13 .......................................................................................................... 57
5.14 Exercise 14 .......................................................................................................... 57
5.15 Exercise 15 .......................................................................................................... 58
6 Lesson 6. World-known naturalists of the 18th century (Известные ученые-
естествоиспытатели 18 века) .................................................................................... 59
6.1 Exercise 1 ............................................................................................................ 59
6.2 Exercise 2 ............................................................................................................ 59
6.3 Exercise 3 ............................................................................................................ 60
6.4 Exercise 4 ............................................................................................................ 60
6.5 Exercise 5 ............................................................................................................ 60
6.6 Exercise 6 ............................................................................................................ 62
6.7 Exercise 7 ............................................................................................................ 62
6.8 Exercise 8 ............................................................................................................ 62
6.9 Exercise 9 ............................................................................................................ 63
6.10 Exercise 10 .......................................................................................................... 64
6.11 Exercise 11 .......................................................................................................... 64
6.12 Exercise 12 .......................................................................................................... 65
6.13 Exercise 13 .......................................................................................................... 65
6.14 Exercise 14 .......................................................................................................... 66
6.15 Exercise 15 .......................................................................................................... 66
7 Lesson 7. The chromosome structure (Структура хромосомы) ............................ 67
7.1 Exercise 1 .............................................................................................................. 67
7.2 Exercise 2 .............................................................................................................. 67
7.3 Exercise 3 .............................................................................................................. 68
7.4 Exercise 4 .............................................................................................................. 68
7.5 Exercise 5 .............................................................................................................. 69
7.6 Exercise 6 .............................................................................................................. 70
7.7 Exercise 7 .............................................................................................................. 70
7.8 Exercise 8 .............................................................................................................. 70
7.9 Exercise 9 .............................................................................................................. 71
6
7.10 Exercise 10 .......................................................................................................... 73
7.11 Exercise 11 .......................................................................................................... 73
7.12 Exercise 12 .......................................................................................................... 74
7.13 Exercise 13 .......................................................................................................... 74
7.14 Exercise 14 .......................................................................................................... 75
7.15 Exercise 15 .......................................................................................................... 75
7.16 Exercise 16 .......................................................................................................... 75
7.17 Exercise 17 .......................................................................................................... 75
7.18 Exercise 18 .......................................................................................................... 76
8 Lesson 8. The 21st century biology (Биология в 21 веке) .................................... 77
8.1 Exercise 1 .............................................................................................................. 77
8.2 Exercise 2 .............................................................................................................. 78
8.3 Exercise 3 .............................................................................................................. 78
8.4 Exercise 4 .............................................................................................................. 78
8.5 Exercise 5 .............................................................................................................. 79
8.6 Exercise 6 .............................................................................................................. 80
8.7 Exercise 7 .............................................................................................................. 80
8.8 Exercise 8 .............................................................................................................. 81
8.9 Exercise 9 .............................................................................................................. 81
8.10 Exercise 10 .......................................................................................................... 83
8.11 Exercise 11 .......................................................................................................... 84
8.12 Exercise 12 .......................................................................................................... 84
8.13 Exercise 13 .......................................................................................................... 85
8.14 Exercise 14 .......................................................................................................... 85
8.15 Exercise 15 .......................................................................................................... 85
8.16 Exercise 16 .......................................................................................................... 86
8.17 Exercise 17 .......................................................................................................... 86
9 Texts for auding ........................................................................................................ 87
9.1 The beginning of life ............................................................................................ 87
9.2 Different ways of getting food ............................................................................ 92
7
9.3 The struggle to stay alive...................................................................................... 95
9.4 The endless chain of food ..................................................................................... 98
9.5 Coral-reefs .......................................................................................................... 100
10 Thought-provoking problem exercises ................................................................ 103
10.1 Work in a laboratory ......................................................................................... 103
10.2 Experiment ....................................................................................................... 104
10.3 Man and the biosphere ..................................................................................... 108
Список использованной литературы ..................................................................... 114
Приложение А .......................................................................................................... 116
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Введение
Учебное пособие включает в себя восемь уроков (Lessons), материал для
аудирования (Texts for auding), разговорный практикум (Thought-provoking
problem exercises), сборник текстов для дополнительного чтения (Texts for
additional reading).
Целью учебного пособия является взаимосвязанное развитие у студентов
умений и навыков чтения и устной речи на английском языке в соответствии с
программой. Текстовой материал пособия заимствован из оригинальной
американской научной и научно-популярной литературы и дается с
постепенным нарастанием трудностей как в лексическом, так и в
грамматическом аспектах. Все тексты оригинальные, аутентичные. Каждый
текст снабжен системой вопросов и проблемных заданий.
Структура всех восьми уроков одинаковая. Каждый урок включает
предтекстовые упражнения, направленные на снятие лексических и
грамматических трудностей, встречающихся в тексте; текст по специальности
для изучающего чтения с большим количеством терминов по разным
направлениям биологии, послетекстовые упражнения, направленные на
развитие коммуникативных умений и навыков. Предлагаемый в каждом уроке
второй текст в блоке послетекстовых упражнений является логическим
продолжением темы урока и предназначен для развития навыков
ознакомительного, поискового и просмотрового чтения.
Тексты для аудирования с упражнениями направлены на развитие
навыков понимания специальных текстов на слух, и на умение извлекать
основную информацию при прослушивании английского текста.
Разговорный практикум логически продолжает закрепление коммуника-
тивных навыков и умений и предназначен для развития
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подготовленной и неподготовленной диалогической речи в пределах тем
«Работа в лаборатории», «Эксперимент», «Человек и биосфера».
Сборник текстов для дополнительного чтения включает тексты по
разным направлениям биологии и предназначен для самостоятельной работы
студентов.
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