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Файл:Английский язык. Грамматика со звёздами = English Grammar with the Stars. Пособие для подготовки к централизованному тестированию и устному экзамену
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serious air pollution and increase the size of the hole in the ozone layer.
Because of this danger, people (12) … now using other sources of fuel,
such as solar, wind, and water power. It is clear that we must do all we
can to save energy, because if we (13) … not, fossil fuels (14) … soon run
out, and our environment (15) … become too polluted for animal and
human life to survive.
3.38. Read the text below. Spot the mistakes and correct
them.
LOOKING BACK
People often ask me if I (1) would change anything about my life.
I think everyone has done something they wish they (2) didn’t or wish
they (3) had been taken an opportunity which (4) will have been good
for them. I don’t think it’s worth worrying about – it’s quite normal to
have regrets, and I (5) had sooner get on with my life and think about the
future. Perhaps there is one thing I regret. I was very young, and had just
started playing the guitar.
My teachers said I was talented, and asked me if I would prefer (6)
having special lessons with a very good teacher. This meant I had to travel
for about an hour after school three days a week. At the end of the school
day, I was quite tired, and most of the time I wished I (7) hadn’t to get on
the bus and go to my lesson. In fact I wished that my teacher (8) would
come to my house instead. I finally gave up the lessons because of this.
Today I still see my guitar teacher.
“I often wish you (9) carried on with those lessons”, she says. I think
she’s right. I work in an office now, and wish I (10) spend more time
playing music than I do. Sometimes when we are very young, we don’t
always make the best decisions.
3.39. Complete the text with the verbs in brackets.
SLOTH’S LIFESTYLE
Sloths live in trees and eat mainly leaves, twigs and fruit. In fact, if
you (1) … (be) a sloth, you (2) … (spend) most of your life hanging up-
side down from a tree. This is the safest place for sloths. If a sloth (3) …
(stay) completely still, predators (4) … (not realize) it is there, because it
has green algae living on its skin, and it is difficult to see.
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These animals move very slowly on the ground, but if they (5) … (go)
into water, they (6) … (swim) extremely well. However, they have a low
body temperature, and if they (7) … (remain) too long in hot sunlight,
they (8) … (die).
Sloths are not large animals, growing to about a meter in length. On
the other hand, if you (9) … (be) in North America 20,000 years ago,
you (10) … (see) a giant ground sloth, as large as an elephant! These
giant sloths died out thousands of years ago. Modern sloths live in the
rainforest of South America, and they are in danger, like many rainforest animals.
3.40. Read the biography of a famous actress and choose the
correct variant.
“NEVER LOSE HEART” IS HER MOTTO
The American actress and model Megan
Fox got her celebrity status thanks to her role in
Transformers, the 2007 live-action movie based
on the toy and cartoon saga of the same name.
But for this techno-blockbuster, Fox might (1)
remain / have remained a small-time actress
despite her great looks and charisma. If she (2)
didn’t play / hadn’t played Mikaela Banes in the
film, she (3) wouldn’t be / wouldn’t have been
one of the teen idols today.
Born and raised in Tennessee, Megan Fox
began her training in drama and dance at the age of five. The actress says
that she (4) would rather / had better do that than go to school.
In general, her school years were far from idyllic. If she (5) had been /
were less aggressive, she (6) would have got / would get along with girls
better. She was never popular, a total outcast. Today Megan sometimes
wishes school (7) were / had been different, but the past is the past.
At the age of thirteen the girl decided it was time she (8) started / had
started earning money and using her dancing and performing skills. She
won several modeling contracts and moved into the world of fashion. Yet
Megan knew she (9) had better / would rather do acting, so she went to
LA. Like most beginners, she had some minor roles both on TV and in
the movies. Like most beginners, she wished somebody (10) had noticed /
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would notice her. The female lead in Transformers was a great chance for
Megan and she used it to the full.
Fox was nominated for several awards. If she (11) hadn’t displayed /
didn’t display dedication and good acting skills, she (12) wouldn’t have
been invited / wouldn’t be invited to play in the sequel. Perhaps, it (13)
would have been / would be for the better because after the loud success
of the movie the actress got what is known as star illness syndrome. She
grew arrogant and downright rude. Nobody knows if Megan wishes she
(14) behaved / had behaved differently. Anyway, all her films that fol-
lowed turned into box-office failures.
Yet Megan Fox doesn’t lose heart. She still is a role model for some
young girls who want to be both strong and intelligent. But, truth be
told, it (15) would do / would have done her a world of good, if she were
able to transform her public image making it less wild and outrageously
provocative.
VERBS: MIXED BAG
3.41. Read the text below and decide which answer – A, B, C or
D – best fi ts each space.
ON CLAIRVOYANCE
Clairvoyance is the ability to (1) … things that will happen in the future. People (2) … have this extraordinary ability are called clairvoyants,
and they use different techniques to tell you what your future will be.
Sometimes they can predict your future just by (3) … the lines on your
hand. Others use cards or crystal balls.
Although scientists have not found proof that this skill exists, many
people go to a clairvoyant to help them make difficult decisions. No one
(4) … how clairvoyants manage to see things. Some (5) … that they are
very sensitive people who can (6) …, feel and see things that most of us
can’t. Others (7) … that they are in contact with the spirit world, and that
they receive messages from beyond the grave.
Many experiments have been done in laboratories to try to study
the phenomenon, but in most cases, the clairvoyants (8) … to lose their
powers when they were being (9) … and measured. Those who believe in
clairvoyance (10) … scientific methods too strict a way to investigate it – this
strange skill is outside the boundaries of science.
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ABC D
1 look see watch observe
2 they which can who
3 watching for seeing to looking at noticing
4 knows is knowing has been knowing will know
5 believed believe were believing are believing
6 receive catch listen hear
7 are thinking thought think thing
8 went were seeming seemed were going
9 looked watched tried seen
10 are thinking are considering thought consider
3.42. Read this article and decide which word or words below
best fi ts each space.
GOOD NEWS FOR DOG OWNERS!
If you often travel abroad for your holidays, what (1) ... with your
beloved pet dog? Do you put him in a kennel or leave him with friends?
One thing is certain, you’re extremely unlikely to take him with you,
because if you (2) … he (3) ... six months in quarantine when you return.
A bit of a stiff penalty for two weeks’ romping in the Dordogne! But this
is set to change soon. From April your dog will be able to travel with
you (4) ... he (5) ... a rabies vaccination and is wearing an identification
chip.
Cara Lewis, spokesperson for the Animal Welfare Society, said,
“This is very good news for all British animal lovers. I know many people
who (6) .... take their dogs on holiday with them if only they (7) ... . In-
deed, I used to travel to northern France regularly and I (8) ... my dog
Wolfie with me every time (9) ... the quarantine regulations”.
But Cara also has words of warning: “Pet owners should remember
that there are other considerations when taking animals abroad. (10) ...
your animal become disorientated, he (11) … so ensure that he is wearing a collar with your holiday address at all times”. It isn’t all good news,
however. If you (12) ... to a country outside Western Europe this year,
you (13) ... your pet with you – it (14) … some time before regulations
for other destinations are relaxed, if ever. So think hard and long before
going on holiday with your pet, (15) … you?
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AB C
1 will you do would you do do you do
2 had done did do
3 will spend has to spend would have to spend
4 providing unless in case
5 had had had has had
6 could will would
7 can could should be able to
8 have taken will have taken would have taken
9 unless but for so long as
10 Should Did Had
11 runs away should run away might run away
12 will travel are travelling would travel
13 don’t take can’t have taken won’t be able to take
14 will be is is being
15 shall will do
3.43. Choose the correct phrase (A – O) for each gap.
NEW TUNNEL PLANNED BENEATH THE ALPS
For centuries, the Alps (1) … as a natural trade barrier between northern and southern Europe. Sending Italian wine to the Netherlands, or
German washing machines to Greece, (2) … a long, slow journey along
narrow Alpine valleys, through tunnels and over passes. The amount of
freight crossing the Alps in heavy goods vehicles (3) … sharply over the
last two decades. In 1990 an estimated 40 million tons (4) … by road; in
2001 that (5) … to 90 million tons, with further big increases expected
by 2010. But concerns for the Alpine environment and fears over safety
(6) … to big pressure to move freight off the roads and onto the railways.
Both Switzerland’s Gotthard road tunnel and France’s Mont Blanc road
tunnel (7) … major fires in the last ten years in which many (8) … .
As long ago as 1994, the Swiss (9) … in a nationwide referendum to
put all freight crossing their country onto the railways. Naturally, such
an ambitious plan (10) … overnight, but now the project dubbed the engineering feat of the 21st century (11) … . Deep beneath the Alps, the
Swiss (12) … a high-speed rail link between Zurich and Milan. It (13)
… , at 57 kilometers (35 miles), the world’s longest tunnel. A key feature
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of the project, which is new to Alpine transport, is the fact that the entire
railway line (14) … at the same altitude of 500 meters (1,650 ft) above
sea level. This (15) … trains using the line to reach speeds of 240 km/h
(149 mph), reducing the travel time between Zurich and Milan from
today’s four hours to just two and a half.
will allow had risen
are building have served
died have suffered
was not going to happen is slowly taking shape
will include will stay
have led voted
means went
has risen
3.44. Complete the text with the appropriate form of the verbs.
POLICE SEEK MISSING SHED
A 32-year-old man (1) … (get) home from work on Friday to find
that someone (2) … (steal) the shed from his back garden. Martin Graham who (3) … (live) in Francis Road (4) … (tell) us he couldn’t believe
his eyes. “There was simply nothing there. I thought I (5) … (go) into the
wrong garden”. A neighbor who (6) … (notice) the men while they (7)
… (disassemble) the shed, (8) … (assume) that Mr Graham (9) … (ask)
them to do it. The two men (10) … (drive off) in a white van.
3.45. Complete the text with the appropriate form of the verbs.
A LETTER OF COMPLAINT
Dear Mr Jones,
My family and I (1) … (suffer) a good deal lately from the noise made
by your guests when they (2) … (leave) your house on Saturday nights.
They (3) … (stand) in the street, (4) … (laugh) loudly and (5) … (call)
goodbye to you and to each other. Then they (6) … (get) into their cars,
(7) … (bang) the doors loudly, and finally they (8) … (reverse) their cars
on to the road. There is always at least one of your guests who (9) …
(find) it almost beyond him — whether because he (10) … (have) too
much to drink or still (11) … (learn) to drive — but I (12) … (know) that
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it (13) … (take) him ages to get out, and all the time we hear his engine (14) …(roar) and his friends (15) … (shout) advice. By the time all
your guests (16) … (go) and the road is quiet again, my family all (17) …
(be wakened up), and the children often (18) … (find) it very hard to get
to sleep again. I (19) … (be) very grateful if you (20) … (ask) your guests
to leave more quietly. Yours sincerely, Andrew Brown
3.46. Complete the text with the appropriate form of the verbs.
AN INVITATION TO DINNER
Dear Ann, you (1) … (be) free to come to dinner here on Saturday
next at 8.00? My brother Paul (2) … (come) and (3) … (bring) a friend of
his called Tom Edwards. You (4) … (not meet) Tom but I (5) … (think)
you (6) … (like) him. He is an assistant stage manager at the Gate The-
atre and (7) … (be able) to tell you about the actors. Paul says Tom (8)
… (receive) hardly any salary and often (9) … (not get) enough to eat, so
he (10) … (ask) me to have roast beef and Yorkshire pudding for dinner,
with apple dumpling to follow. He probably (11) … (ring up) between
now and Saturday, to say that it (12) … (be) a good idea to start with a
substantial soup! I (13) … (know) you (14) … (not usually eat) heavy
three-course meals of this type, but I hope the conversation (15) … (not be)
so heavy. Love, Mary.
3.47. Complete the text with the appropriate form of the verb in
brackets.
A PHONE TALK
Tom: Can I speak to Ann, please?
Ann: Ann (1) … (speak).
Tom: Tom here. Where you (2) … (be), Ann? I (3) … (try) to get on to
you for the last half hour. You (4) … (not leave) your office at five?
Ann: Yes, but today I (5) … (go) shopping and only just (6) … (get)
in. It (7) … (be) nice to hear your voice, Tom. I (8) … (not know) you (9)
… (be) in London.
Tom: I only (10) … (arrive) this morning. I (11) … (ring) you before
but I (12) … (be) terribly busy all day covering a conference. It only just
(13) … (end). You (14) … (do) anything tonight, Ann?
Ann: Yes, I (15) … (go) to the theatre.
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Tom: But that (16) … (be) terrible! I (17) … (be) only here for one
night!
Ann: I (18) … (be) sorry, Tom. If you (19) … (tell) me you (20) …
(come) up, I (21) … (keep) the evening free. But you didn’t tell me.
Tom: I (22) … (not know) myself till this morning when the boss sud-
denly (23) … (dash) into the office and (24) … (tell) me to rush up here
to cover the conference.
Ann: I thought Peter usually (25) … (do) the conferences.
Tom: Yes, he (26) … (do) but when he (27) … (drive) up here last
night he (28) … (have) an accident and (29) … (take) to hospital. So I
(30) … (do) it instead. Ann, you really (31) … (go) out tonight? Can’t you
get out of it?
Ann: No. I’m free tomorrow but I (32) … (suppose) that (33) … (be)
too late.
Tom: No, I (34) … (stay) another day. I dare say the boss (35) … (get)
over it. You (36) … (like) to meet me for dinner tomorrow?
Ann: I (37) … (love) to. But Tom, you (38) … (be) sure it (39) (be) …
all right? I (40) … (hate) you to lose your job.
Tom: It (41) … (be) all right. I (42) … (ring) the boss and tell him I
(43) … (stay) another night. I (44) … (stay) an extra night in York last
month.
Ann: Why you (45) … (stay) an extra night in York?
Tom: Tell you tomorrow. Goodnight, Ann.
3.48. Complete the text with the appropriate form of the verb in
brackets.
THE HAUNTED HOUSE
When I was about 13 years old, my brother, my mother, and I (1)
… (go) to stay with my aunt Christine. Her family (2) … (live) in a huge
country mansion that they (3) … (buy) very cheaply after it (4) … (aban-
don) for many years. At the time, they (5) … (live) in one wing of the
house and guests (6) … (stay) in the opposite wing. The room where I
(7) … (stay) was at the end of a long corridor, and I have to admit that
I did feel the atmosphere was a bit spooky. The floors (8) … (creak) and
there was a rocking chair in the room which you always (9) … (see) in
horror films!
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But one night, I suddenly (10) … (wake) up and (11) … (open) my
eyes, thinking my brother (12) … (come) into the room and (13) … (sit)
on my legs. I could feel an incredible weight on both of them, but the
room (14) … (fill) with moonlight and I could see nobody was there. I
(15) … (petrify) and just (16) … (close) my eyes tight and (17) … (wait)
for what (18) … (seem) like an eternity before I (19) … (feel) the weight
(20) … (lift).
In the morning, I (21) … (tell) my brother, who (22) … (think) it was
absolutely hilarious. My aunt’s brother, however, who happened to be
visiting, thought differently. He (23) … (have) exactly the same experience in the same room, and (24) … (be) also at a loss to explain what
really (25) … (happen). I know it’s not rational, but nothing could persuade me to sleep there again!
3.49. Complete the text with the appropriate form of the verb in
brackets.
A LUCKY DAY
I (1) … (stare) at a painting in the National Art museum when this
amazingly attractive man (2) … (come) up and (3) … (ask) me if I (4) …
(like) the painting. I replied that I (5) … (see) it before in a book I (6)
… (have) at home. He then said he (7) … (look) at me for the last few
minutes and that he (8) … (find) me very attractive. I (9) … (embarrass)
and told him to leave me alone. I said I didn’t talk to strange men in art
galleries. He asked me what the matter was and explained that he just
(10) … (try) to be friendly. Then he smiled and asked me to join him for
a coffee. I don’t know why but I (11) … (say) I would, and that (12) …
(be) the beginning of our romance. Somebody (13) … (ask) me last week
if I (14) … (regret) marrying a foreigner and living abroad and I replied,
“Certainly not” and that I’m the happiest I (15) … (be) in my life.
3.50. Read the biography of a famous actor and fi ll in the cor-
rect variant.
STEP IT UP, CHANNING!
Channing Matthew Tatum is an American actor and film producer.
He (1) … his career as a fashion model and media personality. Thanks
to his charismatic appearance and athleticism Tatum (2) … for various
119
“most beautiful people” lists. So far the list of his roles (3) … very long,
yet he (4) … to make his mark.
Best known for his participation in Step Up, The Rise of Cobra, and
Dear John, the young actor (5) … for more challenging projects. Tatum
(6) … an actor of the new generation, convincing both in action thrillers
and romantic movies. If he (7) … such impressive athletic qualities, it
probably (8) … .
He (9) … from the American South and
would often speak fondly of his carefree rural childhood. When at school he was never a
star pupil, and was distracted by both girls and
sports. He was extremely sports-minded, doing football, soccer, track, baseball, and martial
arts. Tatum (10) …the most athletic student at
school and (11) … a football scholarship to college. He rejected it for reasons unknown and
stayed at home doing odd jobs.
According to Tatum himself, if he (12) …
that he probably (13) … what he wanted to do in life. He (14) … first
as a dancer in Ricky Martin’s video in 2000and noticed by a fashion
agency scout soon after. After he (15)… several contracts with prestigious brands, and Pepsi, his lifestyle (16) … beyond recognition.
Tatum says his modeling career has helped him with his life making it both easier and richer in various ways. He (17) … what he (18) …,
mainly creative things like acting, directing, and writing. That’s why he
switched from modeling to acting, his breakthrough being Step Up. He
also tried himself in dramatic roles in some non-commercial movies.
Unless circumstances (19) …, Tatum (20) … down to directing his own
films. Let us keep our fingers crossed for him.
ABCD
1 has begun had begun began was beginning
2 was picked had been picked will be picked has been picked
3 wasn’t isn’t isn’t being hasn’t been
4 had managed has been managed managed has managed
5 opts has opted is opting will opt
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